MAP01: WELCOME

                    "What hath God wrought?"
                                -- Samuel F.B. Morse
                                   The first telegraph message
                                   ever sent (1844)


WELCOME TO ROADMAP!! According to a recent poll by Louis Harris and
Associates, thirty-four percent of the adults in America have recently
seen, heard, or read something about the mysterious "Information
Superhighway." Sixty percent even said that they thought that the
Information Superhighway is a really neat idea, even though they
have absolutely no idea what it is (1).

That's where this workshop comes in. Over the next few weeks I am
going to show you around the Internet, give you some basic commands
that will help you use the tools of the Internet more effectively,
point you in the direction of people who can help you if you
ever get lost, and even give you a glimpse of what the coming
Information Superhighway will actually look like.

How am I going to do all of this? Well, each one of these daily lessons
will give you a glimpse at one small part of the Internet. We'll talk
about particular tools and sites, showing you some traps to avoid, and
even showing you some basic commands that will help you use the tools
to your own advantage. In the end, I hope that you will gain a better
understanding of the individual parts and pieces that, when put together,
make up the Internet.

While my goals are lofty, I also have to be realistic. There are so
many computer systems out there running so many different software
packages, each with their own unique commands, that there is absolutely
NO way that I will be able to teach you everything you need to know about
the Internet in a month. Instead, I will teach you the basic commands
that are common on most systems, and I point you in the direction of
someone who can help you with your questions about the system that you
are using.

Count on the fact that the one system that I will fail to give
commands for will be yours. Remember a little while back when I asked
you to find the name and telephone number of someone at your local
Internet service provider who can answer your questions? If I leave
anything out in a lesson, if you have ANY questions, or if you are
frustrated or confused, call this person!!! I'm going to show you
the basics, but your contact at your local Internet service provider
will be there to give you the specifics for your system and to answer
most of the questions that you may have.

Now I am perfectly aware that some of you will still want to post your
questions or comments directly to me or to the list. For God's
sake, resist this urge!! With over 17,000 people enrolled in this
workshop (and with even more of you participating through other
lists), there is absolutely *NO WAY* I will be able to respond to
your letter. If everyone on this list wrote to me, there is a rather
good chance that the incoming mail volume would crash the mainframe
computer for the entire University of Alabama. I don't want this to
happen. Besides, the people at your local Internet service
provider are better equipped to answer your questions about your
system than I am, and they will even be able to provide you with
some individual attention (something, because of this workshop's
size, I cannot do).

Before I send you on you way this lovely Thursday, there is a rather
humorous story that I want to pass on to you -- a story which actually
has (some) relevance to this workshop. Most of you know that the
the University of Alabama is quite famous for our Crimson Tide
football team (which has won 12 national championships), and for
our undergraduate business school (which is ranked in the top 5%
in the nation).

You may not know that the University of Alabama is also famous for
our squirrels (yes, I said "squirrels"). It seems that the squirrels
living in the trees on the campus of the University of Alabama have
developed quite a taste for power lines ... especially for the power
lines leading into the University's mainframe computer center.
(For those who are not electrically inclined, let me just add that
energetic squirrels and power lines do not mix well).

Why do I tell you this? Well, since our computer has been "squirreled"
twice, I just wanted you to be aware that there may be a slim chance
that the mainframe may go down during the workshop. If this happens,
please DO NOT PANIC, and please do not write me! Instead, be patient,
and try to keep from laughing yourself silly as you picture a char-
broiled squirrel shooting across the University of Alabama campus at
Mach two.

In short, if a particular Roadmap lesson is late, enjoy a good laugh
(Seriously, if the computer does go down you won't lose any lessons
... you may get the lessons a little later than usual, but the lessons
will be sent to you as soon as the mainframe comes back on line).

Tomorrow, we'll start the lessons, and I'll give you your first
homework assignment (gasp!). Thank you for enrolling in the Roadmap
workshop. I hope you will have as much fun traveling the Internet
as I am having teaching it to you.


Sources:

(1) St. Petersburg Times 5/16/94 Business p.10 (from Edupage 05.17.94)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O `./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP02: LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS


          "Patience is a necessary ingredient of genius"
          -- Benjamin Disraeli


Remember when you subscribed to the Roadmap list? You sent an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which said

     SUBSCRIBE ROADMAP YOURFIRSTNAME YOURLASTNAME

in the body of your letter. Well, the SUBSCRIBE command

     SUBSCRIBE listname <full name>

is just one of dozens of LISTSERV commands that you can use by sending
an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU (or to any other LISTSERV
address) with a command in the body of your letter!

First off, what is a LISTSERV? Well, a LISTSERV is a mailing list
program designed to copy and distribute electronic mail to everyone
subscribed to a particular mailing list. We will talk much more about
LISTSERVs and LISTSERV commands next week, but LISTSERVs work on
a concept called "mail explosion." A single piece of e-mail is
sent to a central address (the LISTSERV's address), and the
LISTSERV then "explodes" the letter by duplicating that single
letter and sending one copy of that letter to every single person
subscribed to a particular mailing list (1). This "mail explosion"
concept is what allows me to communicate with all of you with
just a single e-mail letter sent to a central address.

What we are going to talk about today, however, is the LISTSERV file
server. In an effort to keep this group's mail volume to a minimum,
I've placed many of the "optional" workshop files on the University of
Alabama's LISTSERV file server.

What is a LISTSERV file server? Well, besides distributing letters,
LISTSERVs can also serve as a "library" of files -- files that YOU
can retrieve using nothing but a simple e-mail letter sent to the
LISTSERV's address with a few simple commands in the body of that
letter.

When you subscribed to the Roadmap list, you mailed an e-mail letter
to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU with this command in the body of your letter:

     SUBSCRIBE list-name < full name >

To get files from the University of Alabama's LISTSERV file
server, you are going to send another letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU
with a NEW command in the body of your letter:

     GET filename filetype F=format

Now that may look a little intimidating, but you are about to see that
the GET command is as easy to use as the SUBSCRIBE command. Let's break
the GET command down into its individual parts:

     GET                  tells the LISTSERV that you want it to send
                          a file to you.

     filename filetype    tells the LISTSERV the name of the file that
                          want it to get (for example: COPY NOTICE,
                          ROADMAP 94-00001, RFC 1462, etc.).

     F=format             tells the LISTSERV how you want the file sent
                          to you. For what we are doing, lets use
                          F=MAIL (that way the LISTSERV will e-mail
                          the files to you).

Now suppose I tell you that there is a file on the LISTSERV file server
at the University of Alabama called COPY NOTICE. What do you have to
do to retrieve this file? Well ...

     1) Address an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU (remember,
        you are about to send a command, and all commands must be
        sent to the LISTSERV address).

     2) In the body of your letter type GET COPY NOTICE F=MAIL

How about if I told you there was a file on the LISTSERV file server
at the University of Alabama called RFC 1462? Well, again you would
send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU, but this time the
body of the letter would say GET RFC 1462 F=MAIL

Think you can handle this? I hope so ... because this is your first
homework assignment (eeeeek!). There are three files on the LISTSERV
file server at the University of Alabama (LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU).
Those files are:

     filename   filetype          description

     COPY       NOTICE            The Copyright notice for the entire
                                  Roadmap workshop, along with the
                                  workshop's acknowledgments.

     NET        INTRO             My own special explanation of what
                                  the Internet is and how it works

     RFC        1462              The OFFICIAL "What is the Internet"
                                  RFC/FYI by Krol and Hoffman (this is
                                  kind of advanced stuff).

What I want you to do is use the GET command to get at least one of these
files (you can get more than one if you want). What do I want you to do
with the file after you get it? READ IT!! (As I said yesterday, PLEASE do
not send the files back to me -- my mailer can not handle the volume
of your responses).

That's your homework. Have a GREAT weekend!!

IMPORTANT NOTE: You must write a *NEW* letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU
for your GET commands to work. Replying to this letter will *NOT*
work!

-----

What if the GET doesn't work? First, realize that it may take several
hours for the LISTSERV to process your request and send the file
back to you (hence the "patience" quote at the opening of today's
lesson). 17,000 requests, even at one second per request, is going
to take a LONG time to process!

If, after an incredible amount of time has passed, you have not
heard back from the LISTSERV, double check that you used the
correct address: LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU (that's "you-ay-won-vee-em").
Second, make sure the GET command is in the BODY of your letter.
Finally, make sure that you have included all of the parts of the
GET command (GET filename filetype f=format).

If, after all of this, the command still does not work, talk with your
local Internet service provider (do NOT write to me). Chances are, the
problem is that your mail program is putting the wrong return address
onto your letters. This is a local problem, and your local Internet
service provider should be able to give you some suggestions.
(Again, do NOT write to me!)

Have fun :)

SOURCES:

(1) LISTSERV User Guide, EARN Association, July 21, 1993

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

MAP03: LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY


     "A journey of a thousand miles must begin with a single
      step." -- Lao-Tsu, The Way of Lao-Tsu


Welcome back to the first full week of the Roadmap workshop! It looks
like we survived another weekend without a squirrel attack. Yay :)
(by the way, the :) is an "emoticon" smile; put your left ear on your
left shoulder to see it). Today's lesson is really simple, but you'll
find that it's going to save you a lot of heartache and confusion in
the long run (it may also convince you to go out and get a PPP or SLIP
connection).

There are generally three levels of Internet connectivity (although there
are several variations on the three levels). For our purposes, I am
just going to call these three levels "Level One," "Level Two," and
"Level Three."

Before I talk about the three levels of connectivity, experience shows
that I have to say the following to keep myself from being overrun
with e-mail: the "three level approach" to Internet connectivity is
a very simplified view of the different ways that you can access the
Internet. It does not take into account UUCP, TIA, Trumpet Winsock,
or the recent expansion of some BBS' into a combination Level I and
Level II access. This oversimplification is on purpose. Please recognize
that I have taken some editorial liberties in this lesson to make
the lesson easier to understand for the new users (a.k.a. "newbies").

Level One connectivity ("access through a gateway") is access to the
Internet from a network that really isn't "on" the Internet. Picture
two circles that touch each other at only one point. One of the circles
is the Internet, the other circle is a non-Internet network, and the
point where the two networks touch is called a gateway. The gateway allows
the two networks to "talk" to each other, but users of the non-Internet
network are limited in their ability to fully access all of the tools
of the Internet. With Level One connectivity, you are limited to what
you can access on the Internet by what your service provider allows
you to access.

A good example of networks with Level One connectivity is America
On-Line (AOL), Compuserve, Prodigy, and many of the other commercial
on-line services. AOL is, in effect, its own little network. It has a
great number of different programs that its subscribers can use, but ALL
of these programs only run on the AOL network.

AOL subscribers, and the subscribers to most of the other commercial
on-line services, are lucky in the fact that they can still access SOME
of the tools of the Internet through their gateway. A lot of people
with Level One connectivity only have e-mail access (by the way, if
you have Level One connectivity, do not worry -- I'll show you how
to access a lot of the Internet's tools using e-mail (it's not easy,
but you can do it)).

Level Two Internet access ("remote modem access") is access through a
dial-up terminal connection. This is where, through the use of a modem,
you access a "host" and your computer acts like it is a terminal
on that mainframe. You may type the commands on your own computer, but
it is the host that carries out your commands.

Level Two connectivity is the most "popular" (in the sense that more
people have Level Two connectivity than any other level) and the most
misunderstood level of connectivity.

To begin with, Level Two connectivity limits you to using the
programs (also known as "clients") that are running on the
host. If, for example, you hear of this hot new client called
"Mosaic" and you want to try it out, if your host does not have
a Mosaic client on it you are out of luck! Putting a copy of the Mosaic
client software on your own computer won't do ANYTHING for you --
remember that the only programs that you can use when you have
Level Two connectivity are the programs that the host has!

Also, with Level Two connectivity you must always remember that
everything you are doing is through the host, NOT through your
own computer. If you download a file from somewhere (like we did
last Friday with the GET command) that file will go to the host,
NOT to your own personal computer. You'll need to download the file
one more time -- this time from the host to your computer --
if you want the file to be on YOUR computer. (Your local Internet
provider can tell you more about this).

Level Three connectivity ("Direct Internet Access") is the highest, and
most expensive, level of connectivity there is. With Level Three
connectivity, you are directly wired into the Internet using high-speed
telephone lines, and you are "on-line" twenty-four hours a day, seven
days a week. Level Three connectivity is great if you are a mainframe
or a major site with hundreds of users, but is not too advantageous
if you are a sole user with a beat-up PC.

Besides, Level Three Internet access is so incredibly expensive (1)
(the University of Alabama pays $29,000.00 (US) each and every
year just to connect to the Internet, and that doesn't include
the software, hardware, facility, and staff expenses) that, until
recently, Level Three connectivity was limited to large corporations
and Universities. Also, because Level Three connectivity is limited
mostly to mainframes, you as a user are still limited to using the
programs that are already loaded on the mainframe.

Thanks to some recent breakthroughs in modems and telephone lines, there
is a new branch of Level Three connectivity which is called "On-Demand
Direct Connectivity." Since you probably aren't going to spend
twenty-four hours a day on the Internet, there are some sites out there
that will let you connect to the Internet whenever you want using a
high speed modem and something called  "Point to Point Protocol (PPP)"
or "Serial Line Internet Protocol (SLIP)" connection.

There are two cool things about PPP and SLIP connections. First, because
you aren't connected to the Internet all day long, it doesn't cost as
much as regular Level Three connectivity (you can find sites that will
only charge you about $40 or $50 US (that's about $29,547,952.00
Canadian -- I'm kidding :) -- month for a PPP or SLIP connection).
The second cool thing about PPP and SLIP connections is that the
client software is stored on YOUR computer. Want to play with
Mosaic? Load it onto your computer and play with it (you can't do
this with any of the other levels of connectivity).

The one bad thing about PPP and SLIP connections is that they are
a relatively scarce commodity. Not may Internet service providers
offer PPP and SLIP connections, but the number of providers offering
PPP and SLIP connections will certainly increase over time :)

In review, there are three levels of Internet connectivity:

     LEVEL     DESCRIPTION                 COMMENTS

     One       Access through a Gateway    Limited Internet access

     Two       Remote modem access         Most "popular"
                                           Commands executed by host
                                           All programs on host
                                           Can only run client software
                                             already on the host
                                           All files on host unless
                                             you download to your computer

     Three     Direct Access               EXPENSIVE! (1)
                                           24 hour connection
                                           All software on mainframe

     --        PPP/SLIP                    Not all that expensive
                                           Connect when you want
                                           Client software on YOUR computer!


TOMORROW: E-mail!!

HOMEWORK:

     I want you to find out what level of Internet connectivity
     you have. (Remember, please don't send your answers to me).

NOTES:

(1) While non-profit organizations can get direct access for about
    $6500 (US) a year, this price is still outside of the budget of
    most people.

SOURCES:

I want to thank Liz and Gerald Lawley at Internet Training and Consulting
Services, a professional Internet training company here in Tuscaloosa, for
their help with this lesson. The idea for this lesson came from a recent
conversation I had with Liz and Gerald, and an ITCS training guide served
as the outline for this lesson. I can not thank Liz and Gerald (and ITCS)
enough for their continued help and support.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP04: E-MAIL


     "I have received no more than one or two letters in my life
      that were worth the postage" -- Henry David Thoreau


Happy Valentine's Day @}----'-----
(That's a sorry attempt at an Internet rose ... oh, well ...
it's the thought that counts).

I think I have the oldest e-mail program in history. I wouldn't
be surprised if my VM Mailbook program was written by the ancient
Greeks (or by my campus' squirrels). One of the features that
my mail program does not have is a spell-checker, so a few typos
are bound to slip through. Please accept my deepest apologies for
this :)

Almost all e-mail programs have similar, universal functions. The
problem is that all of the e-mail programs use completely different
commands to access these functions (example: to reply to the author
of a current message using the elm or pine e-mail programs, you type
the letter "r"; to do the same function in the VM Mailbook program
you have to hit the PF5 key).

I'm not going to be able to discuss all of these functions, but
what sort of functions do most e-mail programs have in common? Well,
most mail programs have a function that will allow you to access
and read your incoming mail, another to save incoming mail in a
file, one to print incoming mail, one to send new messages, one to
reply to a message, another to include a file in a mail message,
and one to import/export special objects into your mail messages.
Depending on your e-mail software, these functions are either easy or
difficult ... but nearly always possible.

With all of the different e-mail programs out there, and all of
the different commands required to run each program, how are you ever
going to find out what commands are right for YOUR e-mail program?
Easy! Ask your local e-mail service provider! This may shock you,
but almost every mail provider provides some sort of instruction
sheet or file that will teach you how to use the e-mail program
that your provider is running. All you have to do is ask!

I want to take a moment to show you how to actually read an Internet
address. I have to admit that when I first started learning how to
use e-mail, I was intimidated by the length of all of the Internet
addresses. However, once I learned to read the addresses BACKWARDS
-- from right to left -- Internet addresses ceased to be a thing of
mystery.

     Sample Internet Address (mine): PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU

Every Internet address has three parts -- a user name, an "at"
sign (@), and the address of the user's mail server. In this example,
my user name is PCRISPE1 (and stop laughing -- there is nothing funny
about "p-crispy-one"), and my mail server's address is UA1VM.UA.EDU

The mail server address (the UA1VM.UA.EDU part of the above
example) is actually called the "domain" name, and it is based
on something called an IP (or Internet Protocol) address.

Each server connected to the Internet has a numerical IP address.
The IP address is four sets of numbers connected with periods
(for example, the IP address for the mail server that I am using at
the University of Alabama is 130.160.4.100).

Fortunately, the powers that be realized that people remember
NAMES better than numbers, and they created the domain name system.
The domain name system associates the numerical IP address with an
easier to remember "name" (for example, thanks to the domain name
system, the IP address 130.160.4.100 becomes a much easier to
remember UA1VM.UA.EDU).

You may run into IP addresses from time to time when you are FTPing
or telnetting (we'll talk about both of these tools in a few weeks).
Just remember than an IP address (the four sets of numbers connected
with periods) is simply another way to write a domain name, and you
will do fine. Both IP addresses and domain names should work equally
well.

Anyway, back to the "p-crispy-one" example. Remember that my domain
name is UA1VM.UA.EDU? Well, as I said earlier, the best way to read
an Internet address -- and, for that matter, a domain name -- is from
right to left. Domain names are broken down as follows:

     EDU     Educational sites in the U.S.
     COM     Commercial sites in the U.S.
     GOV     U.S. Government sites
     NET     Network administrative organizations
     MIL     U.S. Military sites
     ORG     U.S. Organizations that don't fit into other categories
     SU      Soviet Union (yes, there is still a Soviet Union ...
             at least on the Internet)
     FR      France
     CA      Canada
     ...     (other counties have their own country code)

Since my domain name has an EDU at the end of it, we now know that
UA1VM.UA.EDU is the domain name for some educational site in the
United States. But where?

The rest of the UA1VM.UA.EDU domain name lists the "subdomains" that
tell you where my mail server is actually located. UA is the University
of Alabama, and UA1VM is the name of my mail server's machine.

So, PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU is the Internet address for someone named
"p-crispy-one" (stop laughing!!) at some U.S. educational site. Further
investigation shows that the site is at the University of Alabama, and
that the machine "p-crispy-one" is using is called UA1VM.

     Another Sample Internet Address: w.v.braun@hq.msfc.nasa.gov

Okay, reading this right to left, we see a GOV. That means it's
a U.S. Government address. I think we all know what NASA is --
the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. Unless you are a
a big NASA fan, however, you probably don't have the slightest clue
what MSFC stands for (it is the George C. Marshall Space Flight
Center in Huntsville, Alabama). HQ is pretty self-explanatory --
Headquarters.

So we know that w.v.braun@hq.msfc.nasa.gov is the address of some
person named w.v.braun whose mail server is at the Headquarters
of the Marshall Space Flight Center, and that the Marshall Space
Flight Center is part of NASA, which itself is part of the U.S.
government.

What can you tell from the Internet address ike@saceur.pentagon.army.mil?
A lot, especially if you are a history buff, and if you know that
"saceur" is the military abbreviation for Supreme Allied Commander-
Europe.

The best rule of thumb I can give you about Internet addresses is this:
if the address is not of the form described above and does not end
with one of the standard top-level domain abbreviations or country
codes, the address is NOT an Internet address. You may still be
able to send mail to non-Internet addresses through a gateway, though.


HOMEWORK:

Today's homework is completely optional. Remember though, please do not
send your homework assignments to me :)

Finally, please remember that replying to this (or any other) letter
with your GET commands will *NOT* work. You *MUST* send your GET
commands in the body of a *NEW* e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

1)   I want you to find the following two commands for your mailer:

          - the command that allows you to delete an e-mail letter
            without having to read the letter

          - the command that allows you to delete an e-mail letter
            after you have read the letter

     You will soon discover that these two commands are the most
     important, and most used, e-mail commands you will ever use.


2)   If you have "Level Two" or "Level Three" connectivity and are on a UNIX,
     VAX/VMS, or VM system, there are three files I want you to GET from
     the University of Alabama's LISTSERV file server (see last Friday's
     MAP02: LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS for a review of the GET command).
     The files are from Richard Smith's "Navigating the Internet" workshop,
     and Richard was kind enough to give me permission to use them in this
     workshop.

     The first file covers the basic e-mail commands for the UNIX, VAX/VMS,
     or VM systems. The second file covers the commands to send e-mail,
     and the third file covers the reply function.

     Remember when using the GET command that your commands must be
     sent to the LISTSERV address, not to the list or to me. (Replying
     to this letter will *NOT* work).

      UNIX USERS:                       VAX/VMS USERS:
        filename    filetype              filename    filetype
          UNIX        1                     VMS         1
          UNIX        2                     VMS         2
          UNIX        3                     VMS         3

      VM USERS:
        filename    filetype
          VM          1
          VM          2
          VM          3

     You will have to use three GET commands (one for each file), but
     you can put all three GET commands in one letter. For example,
     if I wanted to get all three of the VM files, the body of
     my letter would look like this:

          GET VM 1 F=MAIL
          GET VM 2 F=MAIL
          GET VM 3 F=MAIL

     PLEASE REMEMBER TO SEND YOUR GET COMMANDS -- OR *ANY* OTHER
     LISTSERV COMMANDS -- IN THE *BODY* OF AN E-MAIL LETTER SENT
     TO LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU (REPLYING TO THIS LETTER WILL *NOT*
     WORK).

3)   If you are not on a UNIX VAX/VMS, or VM system -- or if you are not
     sure what sort of system you are on -- contact your local
     Internet provider and ask for some information on how to use
     your mail program.

     In particular, you should ask for information on how to:

          - access your e-mail program
          - open and read an e-mail letter sent to you
          - save an e-mail letter to a file
          - print an e-mail letter
          - send a new e-mail letter to someone
          - reply to an e-mail letter sent to you
          - include text in a reply (and how to edit this text)

     You probably know how to do most of these things, but it never
     hurts to review it from time to time.

4)   If you would like to get a list of all of the Internet Country
     Codes, use the GET command to get the file COUNTRY CODES from
     the University of Alabama's LISTSERV file server.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

MAP05: LISTSERVS


     "I have made this letter longer than usual, only because
      I have not had the time to make it shorter." -- Blaise
      Pascal, Provincial Letters


Last Friday, I showed you how to use the LISTSERV file server
to retrieve archived files. Today, I am going to some new things
about LISTSERV, including what LISTSERV was originally designed
for -- mailing lists (like the one that distributed this letter
to you).

Remember, though, that today's lesson only covers LISTSERV lists.
In fact, this lesson is an elementary lesson for ordinary
LISTSERV users like you and me. Tomorrow's lesson will be a
highly technical lesson for LISTSERV (and other mailing list
servers) gurus-to-be.

What is a LISTSERV mailing list? Quite simply, it is a list
maintained by a LISTSERV program of a whole bunch of people
who share similar interests. Anyone can subscribe to a
list by sending a SUBSCRIBE command (remember those?) to
the LISTSERV address. Any e-mail letter sent to the list's
address is copied and mass-mailed to the e-mail box of every
person subscribed to the list. Everyone else on the list can
then reply to that letter, and then ... well, you get the picture.

LISTSERV lists give you a way to have open discussions with
dozens (or even hundreds) of people on a myriad of topics.
Best of all, it is all done through e-mail!

I want to say something about the difference between
list addresses and LISTSERV addresses. Let's pretend that I
create a list here at the University of Alabama for the
open discussion of power line-chomping squirrels. I'll
even call the list "SQUIRREL".

The address for our pretend squirrel discussion list would be
SQUIRREL@UA1VM.UA.EDU (or SQUIRREL@UA1VM.BITNET). Any e-mail
letter sent to the SQUIRREL@UA1VM.UA.EDU address would be
copied and mass-mailed to every single person subscribed to
the squirrel list. That's simple enough.

But how are people going to subscribe to my squirrel list? We need
a second address just to handle all of the commands for the list!
That second address is the LISTSERV address (which, in this
case, is LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU).

Are you starting to see the picture?

The list address is the address you send something to if you
want it to be distributed to everyone else subscribed to the
list. The LISTSERV address is the address you send all of your
commands to.

What would happen if you sent a command (like SUBSCRIBE or GET)
to the discussion list's address instead of to the LISTSERV's
address? Simple -- your command would be treated like a letter
and would be sent to everyone on the list (how embarrassing!).

Remember this (and you will see this on a pop quiz sometime):

    -  Send your LETTERS to the list address!
    -  Send your COMMANDS to the LISTSERV address!

Now, life would be a whole bunch easier if the only LISTSERV in
the world was at the University of Alabama. But, it isn't. There
are thousands of different LISTSERVs around the world, and
there are literally tens of thousands of different LISTSERV lists.

How are you ever going to find out what different discussion
lists are out there, and what these lists' addresses are?
Well, there are a couple of ways to do this:

     1. Word of mouth -- someone tells you about a hot new
        list you need to check out.

     2. Internet Yellow Pages -- there are some GREAT books
        you can buy in most bookstores that tell you where
        all of the neat stuff is on the Internet (as a matter
        of fact, Osborne/McGraw-Hill has given me permission
        to quote from their "Internet Yellow Pages" later on
        in this workshop!!).

     3. The LIST GLOBAL or LIST GLOBAL / STRING command -- we'll
        talk about this tomorrow.

     4. Announcements on other lists.

How are you ever going to figure out which LISTSERV address
goes with which discussion list? EASY! This trick only works
with LISTSERV discussion lists, but if you take the full address
of a discussion list (like SQUIRREL@UA1VM.UA.EDU) and replace
the discussion list's name with the word "LISTSERV", you'll
end up with the correct LISTSERV address for that particular
list (in this case, the correct LISTSERV address for the
squirrel list would be LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU).

A few more examples:

     List address:              LISTSERV address:

     CHAUCER@UICVM.BITNET       LISTSERV@UICVM.BITNET
     ROADMAP@UA1VM.UA.EDU       LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU
     PPD-L@HUMBER.BITNET        LISTSERV@HUMBER.BITNET
     VEGLIFE@VTVM1.BITNET       LISTSERV@VTVM1.BITNET

Why is this important to know? Well, let's say that I tell you
that there is a LISTSERV list called VEGLIFE@VTVM1.BITNET that
you really need to subscribe to. All I have given you is the list's
address. Remember, you can only send LETTERS to the list address
You need the LISTSERV address in order to subscribe!

With this trick, you automatically know that the LISTSERV address
for VEGLIFE@VTVM1.BITNET is LISTSERV@VTVM1.BITNET and you
can subscribe to the list without any problem!

You may notice that some list addresses look something like this:

     CRUISE-L@UNLVM    MAPTEST@UA1VM     NAVIGATE@UBVM

Those are BITNET addresses. To turn these addresses into something
that you can use, you'll have to add .BITNET to the end of the addresses:

     CRUISE-L@UNLVM.BITNET  MAPTEST@UA1VM.BITNET  NAVIGATE@UBVM.BITNET

and the LISTSERV addresses would be:

     LISTSERV@UNLVM.BITNET  LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU  LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET

One nice thing about this is that you can almost always tell that
a list is a LISTSERV list by looking at the list's address. If
the address is LIST@NODE or LIST@NODE.BITNET, you can all but bet
that the list is a LISTSERV list.

Some of you may be at sites that do not allow mail to Bitnet addresses.
You can bypass this restriction by taking the address

          LIST@NODE.BITNET

dropping the .BITNET, so the address becomes

          LIST@NODE

changing the @ to a %, so the address becomes

          LIST%NODE

and then adding @CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU to the end, so that the final
address becomes

          LIST%NODE@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU

(One word of warning, though: over the next few weeks this "percent hack"
is going to get progressively slower and slower. I don't want to go into
the reasons why -- it's really too technical -- but I just want you to
be prepared to wait if you use this method to subscribe to a list).

Now let's talk about some new LISTSERV commands. You already
know the SUBSCRIBE command

     SUBSCRIBE listname <your full name>

and the GET command

     GET filename filetype F=MAIL

I want to show you a couple of other commands that will make your
life a whole lot easier (remember, all commands must be sent to
a LISTSERV address).

If you ever need to unsubscribe from a list, the UNSUBSCRIBE command
will take care of everything. There are three different UNSUBSCRIBE
commands that you can use:

     UNSUBSCRIBE listname          -- to unsubscribe from a particular
                                      list (you need to replace the
                                      word "listname" with the name
                                      of a the list you are dropping)
     UNSUBSCRIBE *                 -- to unsubscribe from every list
                                      at a particular Listserv address
     UNSUBSCRIBE GLOBAL            -- to unsubscribe from every LISTSERV
                                      list on the planet

Have you ever accidentally thrown away an e-mail letter? Well,
if that letter was from a LISTSERV list and if that list keeps
an archive, you can retrieve that letter from the LISTSERV!
Here is how to do it:

     1. Send an INDEX listname F=MAIL command to the LISTSERV address
        (for example, to get the index for the squirrel list,
        your command would say INDEX SQUIRREL F=MAIL).

     2. Look through the index to find the file or notebook that
        you want to retrieve (the index will even tell you the
        filename and filetypes for each of the files!!).

     3. Use the GET filename filetype F=MAIL command to get the
        file or notebook that you want.

Remember: you send LETTERS to the list address; you send
COMMANDS to the LISTSERV address. Etch this into your brain :)

There are a couple more things I want to talk about, but I'll
save them until tomorrow :)

REVIEW:

     - LISTSERV lists are (usually) discussion lists that are
       (usually) open to any who wants to subscribe

     - You subscribe to a LISTSERV list using the SUBSCRIBE
       LISTNAME <YOUR FULL NAME> command

     - Letters are sent to the list address, commands to the
       LISTSERV address.

     - You find new lists through word of mouth, Internet Yellow
       Pages (and other books), the LIST GLOBAL and LIST GLOBAL /
       STRING command, and announcements on other lists.

     - The LISTSERV address can be found by replacing the
       listname in the address with the word LISTSERV
       (listname@address ---> LISTSERV@address). This only
       works with LISTSERV addresses, though.

     - You need to change addresses like list@node to
       list@node.bitnet before you can use the address.

     - Bitnet addresses can be converted to Internet addresses
       by changing the LIST@NODE.BITNET address to
       LIST%NODE@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU

     - To unsubscribe from a list, use the UNSUBSCRIBE,
       UNSUBSCRIBE *, or UNSUBSCRIBE GLOBAL command (remember
       that all commands must be sent to the LISTSERV address).

     - To receive a list of all of the files that you can
       get from a particular LISTSERV list, use the INDEX
       LISTNAME command. You can then use the GET FILENAME
       FILETYPE F=MAIL command to get the files that you
       want.

     - You send letters to the list address, commands to the
       LISTSERV address.


HOMEWORK:

This homework assignment is completely optional. Also, you are
reminded to contact your local Internet service provider if you
have questions about, or difficulties with, any part of the Roadmap
workshop (please do not write me -- my mailer can't handle the
volume).

Finally, please remember that replying to this letter with your
GET commands will *NOT* work. You *MUST* write a new letter to
the LISTSERV address for your GET commands to work.

1)   If you would like an in-depth guide to LISTSERV, GET the
     file LSVGUIDE MEMO from the LISTSERV file server at
     LISTSERV@EARNCC.BITNET (note that this is *NOT* on the
     University of Alabama's LISTSERV file server).

2)   If you would like a very brief guide to LISTSERV, GET the
     file LISTSERV REFCARD from the LISTSERV file server
     at the University of Alabama. This is a list of a whole bunch
     of LISTSERV commands, along with a brief explanation of what
     each command does.

FOR MORE INFORMATION:

     The November/December issue of Internet World magazine has
     a wonderful article on LISTSERV by Karl Signell.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O `./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP06: OTHER MAIL SERVERS


          "Immature artists imitate. Mature artists steal."
           -- Lionel Trilling, in Esquire


I am proud to say that not a single word in this entire lesson is
mine :)

Actually, I want to thank James Milles (the Head of Computer Services
at the Saint Louis University Law Library) for giving me permission
to reprint his "Discussion Lists: Mail Server Commands" file. James
is a "net-guru" in my book, and his support really means a lot to me.

We covered some basic LISTSERV commands yesterday. Today's lesson is
going to show you some more advanced LISTSERV commands, as well as
some new commands for other mail list servers. These additional mail
servers include Listproc, Mailbase, Mailserv, and Majordomo.

Unlike LISTSERV, there is no set way to figure out if a mailing
list is running on a Listproc, Mailbase, Mailserv, or Majordomo
without someone telling you. So, today's lesson is really just
a review of some of the LISTSERV commands we went over yesterday,
an introduction to some new LISTSERV commands, and a reference
sheet for other mail server commands that you can use later.

-----

DISCUSSION LISTS: MAIL SERVER COMMANDS
Version 1.21
July 28, 1994

James Milles
Saint Louis University Law Library
millesjg@sluvca.slu.edu


1.  E-mail discussion lists constitute one of the most popular
methods of group communication on the Internet.  Discussion lists
support group communication by providing, at minimum, two basic
functions: (1) the ability to distribute a message to a group of
people by sending it to a single, central address, and (2) the
ability to quietly join and leave the list at any time.

     1.1.  In order to provide these separate functions, an
     e-mail discussion list typically has two addresses
     associated with it: (1) a "listname address," the address to
     which you send any messages that you intend to be read by
     the list subscribers; and (2) an "administrative address,"
     the address to which you send any commands or requests that
     affect your subscription to the list.  It's easy to remember
     this distinction by thinking of your local newspaper: the
     first address is somewhat analogous to sending a "letter to
     the editor,"  while the second is like sending a letter to
     the newspaper's subscription office.

     1.2.  With most discussion lists, the "administrative
     address" is a computer program that allows the subscriber to
     subscribe and unsubscribe automatically, without external
     intervention.  There are at least five popular mail server
     programs used to manage Internet discussion lists: REVISED
     LISTSERV (also called BITNET LISTSERV), Unix ListProcessor
     (or Listproc), Mailbase, Mailserv, and Majordomo.  The
     commands for subscribing and unsubscribing under most of
     these programs are the same; however, other useful commands
     differ greatly from one program to another, and some
     programs support features that others do not.

     1.3.  This document does not describe all the features
     supported by any of these programs, only those most commonly
     used.  For more information on any of these programs, send a
     message containing only the word "help" to the appropriate
     mail server.  Additional programs and commands will be added
     in future revisions of this document.

     1.4.  This document also does not deal with discussion lists
     to which one subscribes by sending a message to
     "listname-request."  There are a great many discussion
     lists of this type; some are distribution lists maintained
     manually by the listowner, while others use some form of
     mailer software ranging from a simple script to a fairly
     sophisticated mailing list program.  Some require that
     subscription requests be placed in the message text; others
     require them to be included in the Subject: line.  Because
     of the variety of methods of maintaining these lists, it is
     impossible to generalize about their command features.
     However, as a rule, assume that any discussion list with an
     administrative address of "listname-request" is maintained
     manually by a human being.  Accordingly, you should
     subscribe by sending a friendly message in plain English to
     "listname-request."  If a program responds with
     instructions for subscribing, follow the instructions.

     1.5.  The latest version of this document is available by
     e-mail and by anonymous ftp:

          E-mail:   Send a message containing only the line
                    GET MAILSER CMD NETTRAIN F=MAIL
                    to LISTSERV@UBVM.cc.buffalo.edu.

          FTP:      Anonymous ftp to ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu
                    cd /nettrain
                    get mailser.cmd

                    -- or --

                    anonymous ftp to sluaxa.slu.edu
                    cd /pub/millesjg
                    get mailser.cmd

2.  When you subscribe to a list, you will typically receive a
"welcome" message, describing the purpose of the list and telling
you how to unsubscribe.  Save this message!  It tells you which
program the discussion list is run under, and how to get further
help.

     2.1.  Mail servers can be confusing.  Many people use the
     term "listserv" generically, to refer to any list mail
     server program.  To make things worse, the Unix
     ListProcessor (listproc) program was originally called
     "listserv," just like REVISED LISTSERV.  Many listproc hosts
     are still configured with the name "listserv," and will
     accept commands addressed to "listserv@host" as well as to
     the correct name, "listproc@host."

     2.2.  Usually--but not always--you can find out which
     program a discussion list is run under by examining the
     message headers.  For instance, listproc lists should
     include a line saying "Unix ListProcessor."  However, the
     best practice is to save any "welcome" message you receive
     when you subscribe, and to note at that time which set of
     commands is applicable.

3.  Remember to send all commands to the "administrative
address"--mailserver@host--not to the "listname address".
Mailserver is the program that maintains the list (either
listproc, LISTSERV, mailbase, mailserv, or majordomo); host is
the address of the host computer (for example, ucdavis.edu or
cleo.murdoch.edu.au).

     3.1.  Be sure to leave the Subject: line blank, and to
     delete any signature file if your mailer allows you to do
     so.

     3.2.  Always include the name of the list in the message to
     mailserver@host.  Most mailserver sites maintain many
     different discussion lists, and it is essential that you
     tell the mail server which list you are talking about.

     3.3.  For instance, to join the discussion list
     law-lib@ucdavis.edu, send an e-mail message containing only
     the command

     SUBSCRIBE LAW-LIB John Doe

     to listproc@ucdavis.edu.

     The other examples used below are:
     INT-LAW@UMINN1.BITNET (REVISED LISTSERV),
     law-europe@mailbase.ac.uk (Mailbase),
     envirolaw@oregon.uoregon.edu (Mailserv),and
     elaw-j@cleo.murdoch.edu.au (Majordomo).

----------------------------------------------------------------

Join a list:
     Listproc:      SUBSCRIBE listname Firstname Lastname
                    (e.g., SUBSCRIBE LAW-LIB John Doe)
     LISTSERV:      SUBSCRIBE listname Firstname Lastname
                    (e.g., SUBSCRIBE INT-LAW John Doe)
     Mailbase:      JOIN listname Firstname Lastname
                    (e.g., JOIN LAW-EUROPE John Doe)
     Mailserv:      SUBSCRIBE listname Firstname Lastname
                    (e.g., SUBSCRIBE ENVIROLAW John Doe)
                    (Optionally, include the e-mail address at
                    which you wish to receive list mail:)
                    SUBSCRIBE listname Firstname Lastname address
     Majordomo:     SUBSCRIBE listname
                    (e.g., SUBSCRIBE ELAW-J)
                    (Optionally, include the e-mail address at
                    which you wish to receive list mail:)
                    SUBSCRIBE listname address

Leave a list:
     Listproc:      UNSUBSCRIBE listname
     LISTSERV:      UNSUBSCRIBE listname
     Mailbase:      LEAVE listname
     Mailserv:      UNSUBSCRIBE listname
                    (UNSUBSCRIBE listname address
                    if you subscribed under a different e-mail
                    address.)
     Majordomo:     UNSUBSCRIBE listname
                    (UNSUBSCRIBE listname address
                    if you subscribed under a different e-mail
                    address.)

Receive the list in digest format (multiple messages compiled
into a single mailing, usually daily or weekly):
     Listproc:      SET listname MAIL DIGEST
     LISTSERV:      SET listname DIGEST
     Mailbase:      Not supported.
     Mailserv:      Not supported.
     Majordomo:     SUBSCRIBE listname-DIGEST
                    (in the same message, unsubscribe from the
                    undigested version:)
                    UNSUBSCRIBE listname
(Note: with those programs that support the digest option,
whether or not to offer the digest format is within the
discretion of the listowner; consequently not all lists offer
digests.)

Cancel digest format; receive the list as separate mailings:
     Listproc:      SET listname MAIL ACK
     LISTSERV:      SET listname MAIL
     Mailbase:      Not supported.
     Mailserv:      Not supported.
     Majordomo:     UNSUBSCRIBE listname-DIGEST
                    (in the same message, subscribe to the
                    undigested version:)
                    SUBSCRIBE listname

Suspend mail temporarily (without unsubscribing):
     Listproc:      SET listname MAIL POSTPONE
     LISTSERV:      SET listname NOMAIL
     Mailbase:      SUSPEND MAIL listname
     Mailserv:      Not supported.
     Majordomo:     Not supported.

Resume receipt of messages:
     Listproc:      SET listname MAIL ACK
                    -- or --
                    SET listname MAIL DIGEST
     LISTSERV:      SET listname MAIL
                    -- or --
                    SET listname DIGEST
     Mailbase:      RESUME MAIL listname
     Mailserv:      Not supported.
     Majordomo:     Not supported.

Receive copies of your own messages:
     Listproc:      SET listname MAIL ACK
     LISTSERV:      SET listname REPRO
                    (to simply receive an automatic
                    acknowledgement that your message has been
                    sent to the list, use:)
                    SET listname ACK
     Mailbase:      Standard feature; you always receive your own
                    messages.
     Mailserv:      Same as mailbase.
     Majordomo:     Same as mailbase.

Do not receive copies of your own messages:
     Listproc:      SET listname MAIL NOACK
     LISTSERV:      SET listname NOREPRO
     Mailbase:      Not supported.
     Mailserv:      Not supported.
     Majordomo:     Not supported.

Obtain a list of subscribers:
     Listproc:      RECIPIENTS listname
     LISTSERV:      REVIEW listname F=MAIL
                    (can also be sorted by name or by country:)
                    REVIEW listname BY NAME F=MAIL
                    -- or --
                    REVIEW listname BY COUNTRY F=MAIL
     Mailbase:      REVIEW listname
     Mailserv:      SEND/LIST listname
     Majordomo:     WHO listname

Hide your address, so that it does not appear on the list of
subscribers:
     Listproc:      SET listname CONCEAL YES
                    (to reverse this command, use:)
                    SET listname CONCEAL NO
     LISTSERV:      SET listname CONCEAL
                    (to reverse this command, use:)
                    SET listname NOCONCEAL
     Mailbase:      Not supported.
     Mailserv:      Not supported.
     Majordomo:     Not supported.

Obtain a list of lists maintained by this mail server:
     Listproc:      LISTS
     LISTSERV:      LISTS
                    (to obtain a list of all known LISTSERV
                    lists, send the command
                    LISTS GLOBAL;
                    to search for LISTSERV lists with a given
                    keyword or character string in the
                    description, send the command
                    LISTS GLOBAL /keyword,
                    e.g., LISTS GLOBAL /LAW.)
     Mailbase:      LISTS
     Mailserv:      DIRECTORY/LIST
     Majordomo:     LISTS

Obtain a listing of archive files for a particular list:
     Listproc:      INDEX listname
     LISTSERV:      INDEX listname
     Mailbase:      INDEX listname
     Mailserv:      INDEX listname
     Majordomo:     INDEX listname

Retrieve an archive file:
     Listproc:      GET listname filename
                    (e.g., GET LAW-LIB feb94)
     LISTSERV:      GET filename filetype listname F=MAIL
                    (e.g., GET INT-LAW LOG9406 INT-LAW F=MAIL)
     Mailbase:      SEND listname filename
                    (e.g., SEND LAW-EUROPE 05-1994)
     Mailserv:      SEND filename
                    (e.g., GET ENVIROLAW smith.txt)
     Majordomo:     GET listname filename
                    (e.g., GET ELAW-J BOYLE.TXT)

Search the archives for keywords (where available--some lists do
not keep archives):

     Listproc:      SEARCH listname "keywords"
                    Boolean searches are possible using the
                    symbols "&" (and), "|" (or), and "~" (not).
                    For example, to search for "mead" or "mdc" in
                    law-lib, use the command
                    SEARCH LAW-LIB "mead | mdc"

     LISTSERV:      LISTSERV uses a sophisticated and powerful
                    search engine that does lots of neat things
                    like finding "sounds like" matches; however,
                    it uses a difficult, batch-coded search
                    language to construct queries.  I find it
                    useful to keep a "template" file in my
                    Internet account, and then edit the file as
                    appropriate when I need to do a search.
                    Here's the search file:

                    //  JOB  Echo=No
                    Database Search DD=Rules
                    //Rules DD   *
                    Search nafta in int-law since 93/6/1
                    Index
                    /*

                    To run a search, send this file in an e-mail
                    message to LISTSERV@[host].  The Search line
                    can be modified as needed.  The date is
                    optional; Boolean combinations, nesting with
                    parentheses, and a great number of other
                    capabilities are supported.  For a full
                    description of LISTSERV search functions,
                    send the command
                    GET LISTDB MEMO F=MAIL
                    to LISTSERV@UMINN1.BITNET.

                    Once you've received a list of messages
                    matching your query, send another message to
                    LISTSERV@[host] to retrieve the specific
                    messages you want:

                    //  JOB  Echo=No
                    Database Search DD=Rules
                    //Rules DD   *
                    Search nafta in int-law since 93/6/1
                    Print all of 636 637 640
                    /*

     Mailbase:      Archives of Mailbase lists are searchable
                    through the Mailbase Gopher (gopher
                    mailbase.ac.uk).  Mailbase does not support
                    batch searching by e-mail request.

     Mailserv:      Not supported.

     Majordomo:     Not supported.

-----------------------------------------------------------------

James Milles                                          Voice: (314) 658-2759
Head of Computer Services                               FAX: (314) 658-2966
Saint Louis University Law Library                  millesjg@sluvca.slu.edu
3700 Lindell Blvd.
St. Louis, MO  63108

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

MAP-EXTRA: ROADMAP INFO


This will either be the first or the FOURTH time that you recieve
this letter. If it is the former, please keep reading. If it is the
latter, please accept my apologies and just consider this letter to
be a practical pop-quiz on the use of the delete function.

If you have any friends who were not able to subscribe to the
Roadmap workshop, the following letter may be of interest to
them. This letter explains why the Roadmap LISTSERV is no longer
accepting subscriptions, and it also shows your friends how they
can still participate in the Roadmap workshop without having to
subscribe.

It would mean a lot to me if you would share the following letter
with your friends and coworkers.

-----

The response to the Roadmap for the Information Superhighway free
on-line Internet training workshop has been so incredible -- over
80,000 people from 77 countries have subscribed to the workshop's
four LISTSERV distribution lists -- that I have had to close the
Roadmap workshop's LISTSERV distribution lists to new subscribers.

That's the reason you may have a received a letter telling
you that "you are not allowed to join the Roadmap list."

Wait ... it gets worse. At this point in time, I really don't
have plans to repeat the Roadmap workshop anytime in the near
future.

That's the bad news. The good news is that even though you can
no longer subscribe to Roadmap, I have set up a way that you can
get all of the Roadmap workshop lessons sent to you! I have placed
every single one of the Roadmap workshop's 27 lessons on a computer
at the University of Alabama, and you can retrieve the lessons
using a few, simple e-mail commands (am I a great guy or what?).

To find out how to retrieve the Roadmap workshop lessons, and
to find out a little more about the Roadmap workshop itself, all
you have to do is send an e-mail letter to

                    LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

(that's "you-ay-won-vee-em") with the command

                    GET MAP PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the *BODY* of your e-mail letter.

NOTE: Simply replying to the letter that you are reading right now
with a GET MAP PACKAGE F=MAIL command will *NOT* work. You must
send a *NEW* letter to

                    LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

                    GET MAP PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your letter for your command to work.

After you send your letter off, a computer at the University of
Alabama will process your letter, and will -- usually within
24 hours -- e-mail you two letters: one telling you a little
more about the Roadmap workshop, and another telling you how
you can retrieve the workshop lessons with a few, simple e-mail
commands.

Cool, huh?

You can also find the Roadmap workshop archives on the University
of Alabama's CMS Gopher server (UA1VM.UA.EDU) in the "Network Resources,
Services and Information" menu, or on my World Wide Web homepage at

     http://ua1vm.ua.edu/~crispen/crispen.html

(my site's web server is a little flaky, though)

I do have one small request, though: please do NOT write to
POSTMASTER@UA1VM.UA.EDU, POSTMASTER@UA.EDU, LISTMASTER@UA1VM.UA.EDU,
or ROADMAP-REQUEST@UA1VM.UA.EDU asking them to add you to Roadmap.
The workshop's subscription lists really ARE closed <<smile>>.
The only way to get the lessons is with the GET MAP PACKAGE F=MAIL
command.

Thank you again for your interest in the Roadmap workshop, and I hope
that you will enjoy the lessons.

(Please feel free to redistribute this letter to others)


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP07: NETIQUETTE


     "When thou enter a city abide by its customs." -- The Talmud


We've covered a lot of ground this week. I've shown you the differences
between each of the three levels of connectivity, I've taught you how
to read an e-mail address (and I *still* don't think that "p-crispy-one"
is funny!), I've burned it into your mind that you send letters to the
list address and commands to the LISTSERV address, and I even let James
Milles introduce you to the world of other mailing list programs.

The Internet, however, is made up of more than computers and commands.
All of the computers and commands would be useless if it weren't for
the people who used the computers and commands. The commands are neat,
but it is the PEOPLE who make the Internet what it is.

The problem is that every grouping of people develops its own culture
and common rules that governs the behavior of the people.

Today's lesson is going to give you an insider's look at how to
avoid some of the mistakes that EVERYONE makes when they start out
on the Internet. If you can take what is said in this lesson to heart,
you are going to find that your travels on the Information Superhighway
are going to be a whole lot smoother.

The following "Netiquette" guide (that's the common way to describe
the etiquette of the Internet) was written by my father, the Rev. Bob
"Bob" Crispen. I think you'll soon see where my sense of humor comes
from :)

In fact, it was because of my dad that I first got onto the Internet
(I got an e-mail account so that I could e-mail him and ask him for
money).

-----

                                NETIQUETTE
                       by the Rev. Bob "Bob" Crispen
                         (Patrick Crispen's daddy)


One of these days you're going to get tired of Web surfing or listening
in on LISTSERVs, IRCs, Usenet newsgroups or whatever, and you're going
to want to say something yourself.  At that moment your life will
change.  Let's see if we can't make that a change for the better.

Evangelism:

Everyone is tempted from time to time to evangelize, to stride boldly
into the enemy's camp and throw down the gauntlet.  We will never see
the end of people who pop up on comp.sys.intel praising Macs and
Amigas; who send mail to the SKEPTIC list that flying saucers really,
truly do exist; who enlighten the Buddhist newsgroups that they're all
bound for hell, and on and on.

In the entire history of the net, no one has managed to do this without
looking like a complete idiot.  If you believe you are the one person
who will succeed where millions have failed, then you're ready to learn
about ...

Flames:

There is nothing you can say that won't offend somebody:

     >It's a bright, sunny day today.

     You filthy *@!?$, what have you got against Seattle?

Flames (violent verbal expressions of disapproval), misunderstandings,
overreactions, and hurt feelings are par for the course.  Four lessons
from experience:

(1) Hedge your bets.  Rather than saying, "Metal rules! Death to all
that appose!!" try saying "In my humble opinion (often abbreviated
IMHO) metal bands perfectly express my feelings, choices, and
lifestyle.  Your mileage may vary" (another net cliche', less
frequently abbreviated YMMV).  By the way, BTW is another frequent net
abbreviation, for what it's worth (FWIW).

(2) Apologize.  When misunderstanding is the culprit, and especially if
you respect the person who misunderstood, take the blame on yourself
for being unclear, apologize, say what you meant more clearly (if
appropriate) and put it behind you.  As in real life (remember that?)
people who are quick to anger are often equally quick to forgive.

(3) Avoid flame bait (conduct which gravely offends the norms, mores
and folkways of a particular group).  "Now wait a minute!" you say.
"Do you mean that something that's accepted behavior on one list or
newsgroup will draw dozens of stinging, ridiculing comments in
another?" I sure do.  What can you do?  Lurk a while before you post.
Read what's said like an anthropologist, trying to discover what the
big no-nos are.  The beginning of a school term is a wonderful time to
do this, as you will observe the clueless newbies who weren't smart
enough to read this paragraph being torn to shreds.  There are
some things you should NEVER do, and we'll list them in a minute, but
let's get to the last bit of advice.

(4) Bow down to the group's gods.  In every Usenet newsgroup and
listserv mailing list there are old, gray heads who have earned the
respect of everyone in the group.  For example, amongst the subscribers
to the list discussing the late American bandleader Stan Kenton are the
producer of a Kenton box set and the authors of definitive Kenton
biographies and discographies.  You are entirely ignorant compared to
those people.  Never pretend you're anything else.  They would dearly
love to help you -- to answer a question, help you find a rare record
-- but you'll always come out second best in a head-butting contest
with them.

Still other group members have earned their status through long
service.  Friendships have developed over many years, and marriage is
not unknown.  By commenting abusively to or about one of these gods,
you'll earn not only her enmity, but the enmity of all of her friends
-- which may be everyone in the group but you!

Dos and don'ts (or how to avoid most flames):

(1) DON'T include the entire con-     (1) DO cut mercilessly.  Leave just
tents of a previous posting in        enough to indicate what you're
your reply.                           responding to.  NEVER include mail
                                      headers except maybe the "From:"
                                      line.  If you can't figure out how
                                      to delete lines in your mailer
                                      software, paraphrase or type the
                                      quoted material in.

(2) DON'T reply to a point in a       (2) DO quote (briefly) or para-
posting without quoting or para-      phrase.  If the original "Subject:"
phrasing what you're responding to    line was "Big dogs" make sure yours
and who said it.  Reason: a dozen     says "Re: Big dogs".  Some REPLY
postings may occur between the        functions do this automatically.
original message and your reply.      By net convention, included lines
At some sites your reply may get      are preceded by ">" (greater-than
there before the original.            signs).  Some mail editors and
                                      newsreaders do this automatically.
                                      Others require you to do it manu-
                                      ally or set the "indent character"
                                      to ">".

(3) DON'T send a message saying       (3) It's always a risk to start a
"Why doesn't anybody say anything     new topic (often called a thread).
about X?" or "Who wants to talk       The group may have just finished a
about X?"                             long, bitter war about that very
                                      subject.  But if you want to take
                                      the risk, SAY SOMETHING yourself
                                      about the subject you're raising.

(4) DON'T send lines longer than      (4) Some mail editor tools only
70 characters.  This is a kindness    SEEM to insert line breaks for you,
to folks with terminal-based mail     but actually don't, so that every
editors or newsreaders.  Some mail    paragraph is one immense line.
gateways truncate extra characters    Learn what your mail editor does.
turning your deathless prose into
gibberish.

(5) DON'T SEND A MESSAGE IN ALL       (5) DO use normal capitalization.
CAPS.  CAPITALIZED MESSAGES ARE       Separate your paragraphs with blank
HARDER TO READ THAN LOWER CASE OR     lines.  Make your message inviting
MIXED CASE.                           to your potential readers.

(6) DON'T betray confidences.  It     (6) DO read the "To:" and "Cc:"
is all too easy to quote a personal   lines in your message before you
letter in a posting to the entire     send it.  Are you SURE you want the
group.                                mail to go there?

(7) DON'T make statements which       (7) DO treat every post as though
can be interpreted as official po-    you were sending a copy to your
sitions of your organization or       boss, your minister, and your worst
offers to do business.  Saying        enemy.
"Boy, I'd sure like to have one of
them Crays" could result in a
truck at your loading dock and a
bill in the mail even larger than
your student loan.

(8) DON'T rely on the ability of      (8) DO remember that no one can
your readers to tell the differ-      hear your tone of voice.  Use emo-
ence between serious statements       ticons (or smilies) like :-) or ;^)
and satire or sarcasm.  It's hard     -- turn your head counterclockwise
to write funny.  It's even harder     to see the smile.  You can also use
to write satire.                      caps for emphasis or use net con-
                                      ventions for italics and underlines
                                      as in: You said the guitar solo on
                                      "Comfortably Numb" from Pink
                                      Floyd's _The Wall_ was *lame*? Are
                                      you OUT OF YOUR MIND???!!!

(9) DON'T make a posting that says    (9) DO remember the immortal words
nothing but "Me, too."  This is       of Martin Farquhar Tupper (1810-
most annoying when combined with      1889): "Well-timed silence hath
(1) or (2) above.  Ditto for "I       more eloquence than speech."
don't know."

A word to people living in the United States: the net is
international.  If you tell a Belgian she's being un-American, SHE ISN'T
OFFENDED.  OF COURSE she's un-American; you're un-Belgian.  She doesn't
care about being lectured on the First Amendment and American values.
She doesn't HAVE a First Amendment, and she thinks Belgian values are
BETTER.  We Americans have made fools of ourselves by forgetting this
everywhere else.  Let's try to behave a little better on the net.

Finally, many groups have had the sense to write down some of their
norms and folkways in a frequently asked questions (FAQ) list along
with (what else?) the answers to frequently asked questions.  Many
Usenet FAQs are posted monthly or so on the news.answers.  Listowners
of LISTSERVs are often quite willing to mail you the FAQ for the list.
In fact, they may have already told you where it is in the letter you
get welcoming you to the list.

With all we've said above, and with all the help newsgroup moderators
and listowners are providing to newcomers, it almost seems like you'd
have to work at it to go charging in with your mouth open and your eyes
and ears shut, thereby aggravating and alienating some otherwise
perfectly nice people.  The good Lord gave us two eyes and two ears and
one mouth to remind us of that very thing.  But he gave us ten fingers,
and here we are.

-----

Now a note from me:

HOMEWORK:

     There are DOZENS of Netiquette guides on the Internet, although
     IMHO none of them are as good as my dad's :)  (1)

     Actually, Arlene Rinaldi has a HUGE Netiquette guide that I am
     going to show you how to retrieve using file transfer protocol,
     gopher, and the WWW later on in the workshop.

     So your homework today is:

          1. Save this lesson
          2. Re-read this lesson several times.
          3. Have a GREAT weekend!

NOTES:

(1) My smileys don't have noses :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP-EXTRA: BACK LESSON ARCHIVE


Would you believe that there are two people in ANTARCTICA who
participating in this workshop (and no, they are NOT penguins)
... gee, this world is getting smaller ever day.

Anyway, here is a list of all of the lessons that I have sent
out so far:

          WEEK1
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

If you are missing any of these lessons, there are TWO ways
that you can have the lessons sent to you: in individual files,
or in one-week blocks.

If you have a small e-mail box, or if you only want to retrieve
a particular Roadmap workshop lesson (say, for example, a lesson
that you have accidentally thrown away), you can send an e-mail
letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET FILENAME FILETYPE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the words FILENAME
and FILETYPE with the filename and filetype for the particular
lesson that you want to retrieve.

What is a "filename" and "filetype?" Well, look at the following
chart:

          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

The filename appears in the first column, and the filetype appears
in the second column. So, the filename and filetype for the
"WELCOME" message would be MAP01 LESSON, and the filename and
filetype for the "LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS" lesson would
be MAP02 LESSON

That's pretty easy. If you want to retrieve the lesson on LISTSERV
file server commands, you would send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET MAP02 LESSON F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the lesson(s)
that you request!

You can also get the lessons e-mailed to you in one week blocks
simply by sending an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK# PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the # with the week
number of the block that you want to retrieve.

For example, to get all of these "WEEK2" files e-mailed to you

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

all you have to do is send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK2 PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the particular
one-week block of lessons that you request.

I do need to ask you a favor, though. Please only get one week's
lessons at a time. I know that there is a great temptation for you
to get all of the lessons at once, but that will place a great
deal of strain on the University of Alabama's system. The University
of Alabama has been kind enough to store these lessons so that
you can retrieve them -- we need to repay their kindness by
keeping the demand on their system to a minimum.

Oh, and before I forget, here is a list of the lessons that I will
be sending you in the weeks to come:

          M 2/20     MAP08: USENET
          T 2/21     MAP09: SPAMMING AND URBAN LEGENDS
          W 2/22     MAP10: INTERNET SECURITY
          R 2/23     MAP11: TELNET (PART ONE)
          F 2/25     MAP12: TELNET (PART TWO)

          M 2/27     MAP13: FTP (PART ONE)
          T 2/28     MAP14: FTP (PART TWO)
          W 3/1      MAP15: FTPMAIL
          R 3/2      MAP16: FTP FILE COMPRESSION
                     POP QUIZ
          F 3/3      MAP17: ARCHIE
                     MAP17B: FTP SITES
                     POP QUIZ ANSWERS

          M 3/6      MAP18: GOPHER (PART ONE)
          T 3/7      MAP19: GOPHER (PART TWO)
          W 3/8      MAP20: BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS
          R 3/9      MAP21: VERONICA
          F 3/10     MAP22: GOPHERMAIL

          M 3/13     MAP23: WWW (PART ONE)
          T 3/14     MAP24: WWW (PART TWO)
                     POP QUIZ
          W 3/15     MAP25: ADDRESSES SEARCHES AND FINGER
                     MAP-EXTRA: NEAT STUFF TO CHECK OUT
                     MAP-EXTRA: ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET
          R 3/16     MAP26: IRC/MUDs/MOOs AND OTHER "TALKERS"
                     GUEST LECTURE -- RICHARD SMITH
                     POP QUIZ ANSWERS
          F 3/17     MAP27: THE FUTURE ...

Have a GREAT (and safe) weekend ... and watch out for them PENGUINS!

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP08: USENET


     "Ideal conversation must be an exchange of thought, and not, as
      many of those who worry most about their shortcomings believe,
      an eloquent exhibition of wit or oratory." -- Emily Post, Etiquette


The following text comes from the Electronic Frontier Foundation's (1)
"EFF's Guide to the Internet" and is reprinted, in its entirety,
with permission:

-----

Imagine a conversation carried out over a period of hours and days,
as if people were leaving messages and responses on a bulletin board. Or
imagine the electronic equivalent of a radio talk show where everybody
can put their two cents in and no one is ever on hold.

Unlike e-mail, which is usually "one-to-one,"  Usenet is "many-to-
many." Usenet is the international meeting place, where people gather to
meet their friends, discuss the day's events, keep up with computer
trends or talk about whatever's on their mind.  Jumping into a Usenet
discussion can be a liberating experience.  Nobody knows what you look or
sound like, how old you are, what your background is.  You're judged
solely on your words, your ability to make a point.

To many people, Usenet IS the Net. In fact, it is often confused
with Internet.  But it is a totally separate system. All Internet sites
CAN carry Usenet, but so do many non-Internet sites, from sophisticated
Unix machines to old XT clones and Apple IIs.

Technically, Usenet messages are shipped around the world, from
host system to host system, using one of several specific Net
protocols.  Your host system stores all of its Usenet messages in one
place, which everybody with an account on the system can access. That
way, no matter how many people actually read a given message, each
host system has to store only one copy of it. Many host systems "talk"
with several others regularly in case one or another of their links goes
down for some reason.  When two host systems connect, they basically
compare notes on which Usenet messages they already have.  Any that one
is missing the other then transmits, and vice-versa.  Because they are
computers, they don't mind running through thousands, even millions, of
these comparisons every day.

Yes, millions.  For Usenet is huge.  Every day, Usenet users
pump upwards of 40 million characters a day into the system -- roughly
the equivalent of volumes A-G of the Encyclopedia Britannica. Obviously,
nobody could possibly keep up with this immense flow of messages.  Let's
look at how to find conferences and discussions of interest to you.

The basic building block of Usenet is the newsgroup, which is a
collection of messages with a related theme (on other networks, these
would be called conferences, forums, bboards or special-interest
groups).  There are now more than 5,000 of these newsgroups, in several
different languages, covering everything from art to zoology, from
science fiction to South Africa.

Some public-access systems, typically the ones that work through
menus, try to make it easier by dividing Usenet into several broad
categories.  Choose one of those and you're given a list of newsgroups in
that category.  Then select the newsgroup you're interested in and start
reading.

Other systems let you compile your own "reading list" so that you
only see messages in conferences you want.  In both cases, conferences
are arranged in a particular hierarchy devised in the early 1980s.
Newsgroup names start with one of a series of broad topic names.  For
example, newsgroups beginning with "comp." are about particular computer-
related topics.  These broad topics are followed by a series of more
focused topics (so that "comp.unix" groups are limited to discussion
about Unix).  The main hierarchies are:

             bionet          Research biology
             bit.listserv    Conferences originating as Bitnet mailing lists
             biz             Business
             comp            Computers and related subjects
             misc            Discussions that don't fit anywhere else
             news            News about Usenet itself
             rec             Hobbies, games and recreation
             sci             Science other than research biology
             soc             "Social" groups, often ethnically related
             talk            Politics and related topics
             alt             Controversial or unusual topics; not
                             carried by all sites

In addition, many host systems carry newsgroups for a particular
city, state or region.  For example, ne.housing is a newsgroup where
New Englanders look for apartments.  A growing number also carry K12
newsgroups, which are aimed at elementary and secondary teachers and
students.  And a number of sites carry clari newsgroups, which is
actually a commercial service consisting of wire-service stories and
a unique online computer news service.

... With so much to choose from, everybody will likely have their own
unique Usenet reading list.  But there are a few newsgroups that are
particularly of interest to newcomers.  Among them:

     news.announce.newusers     This group consists of a series of
                                articles that explain various facets of
                                Usenet.

     news.newusers.questions    This is where you can ask questions
                                about how Usenet works.

     news.announce.newsgroups   Look here for information about new or
                                proposed newsgroups.

     news.answers               Contains lists of "Frequently Asked
                                Questions"  (FAQs) and their answers from
                                many different newsgroups.  Learn how to
                                fight jet lag in the FAQ from
                                rec.travel.air; look up answers to common
                                questions about Microsoft Windows in
                                an FAQ from comp.os.ms-windows; etc.

     alt.internet.services      Looking for something in particular on
                                the Internet?  Ask here.

     alt.infosystems.announce   People adding new information services to
                                the Internet will post details here.

-----

And now for a few words from "p-crispy-one":

The EFF (1) notes that daily input into Usenet is equivalent to volumes
A-G of the Encyclopedia Britannica. You should be warned that the
information on Usenet is of *much* lower quality. Anybody with an
opinion can post anything in a Usenet newsgroup, whether they know
what they're talking about or not. If you want to bet your grade
in school or your company's or organization's future on information
you get from Usenet, please e-mail me first -- I have some bargains
in real estate (including a great price for a bridge in Brooklyn) I'd
like to discuss with you.

There are more Usenet newsgroups, dedicated to the discussion of more
topics, than you could even imagine. I recently heard that there are
over 6,000 different Usenet newsgroups, although I think that number
may be a little low. The Osborne/McGraw-Hill Internet Yellow Pages
has fifty-five pages of Usenet newsgroup listings (p. 363-418).

What are some of these newsgroups? Here is a short list taken from
the Osborne/McGraw-Hill Internet Yellow Pages (and reprinted by
permission):

  alt.abuse-recovery                Helping victims of abuse recover
  alt.barney.dinosaur.die.die.die   Hate and excoriation of Barney the
                                    Dinosaur
  bionet.jobs                       Job opportunities in biology
  bit.listserv.xerox-l              Xerox products
  biz.books.technical               Selling and buying books
  clari.biz.top                     Top business news
  comp.cog-eng                      Cognitive engineering
  ...

As you can see, the topics are pretty diverse. I also want you to
notice something about the group names. All of the Usenet group
names have periods (or, in Internet language, "dots") in them.
That is a great way to see if a group is a Usenet group or a
mailing list group (which we covered last week).

     GROUP                  TYPE

     gnu.emacs.sources      Usenet newsgroup
     RHA-L                  Mailing list
     rec.birds              Usenet newsgroup
     Navigate               Mailing list

So, how do you read the posts in a Usenet newsgroup? Well, you have
to have access to a Usenet newsreader.

There are literally DOZENS of different Usenet readers out there.
Your local Internet provider will be able to tell you what Usenet
reader you have access to, and will probably also be able to
tell you some of your reader's commands (remember that in a lot
of Usenet readers the commands are case sensitive).

Some of the more important Usenet reader commands that you need
to know are:

     - How to access your Usenet reader

     - How to access a particular newsgroup

     - How to subscribe/unsubscribe to a particular newsgroup

     - How to read a post

     - How to send a post

     - How to respond to a posting by e-mail

     - How to save a post

     - How to move from one newsgroup to another

     - How to exit your Usenet reader


HOMEWORK:


1)   Ask your local Internet service provider if you have Usenet
     access. If you do, ask your provider for a handout or
     help file which lists the commands for your reader.
     (Most Usenet readers also have a pretty extensive, albeit
     confusing, help screen. If you can get into your reader,
     you may want to check out this help screen).

     If you don't have Usenet access, or if your provider does
     not have a help file, please be patient. When we get to
     the lessons on Gopher (in about 2 weeks), I'll show you
     some tricks that will help you around this problem :)

2)   If you have access to either the rn or nn newsreader (two of
     the most used newsreaders around), I have two files that may
     help you. Again, use the get command to get them from the
     LISTSERV file server at University of Alabama.

     nn users:               rn users:
     filename  filetype      filename  filetype

     nn        intro         rn        intro
     nn        cmds          rn        cmds

NOTES:

(1) We'll talk about the Electronic Frontier Foundation on Wednesday.

SOURCES:

The text in this lesson comes from the Electronic Frontier Foundation's
"EFF's Guide to the Internet, v.2.3" and is reprinted by permission.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP09: SPAMMING AND URBAN LEGENDS


     "Well there's egg and bacon; egg, sausage and bacon; egg and
      spam; bacon and spam; egg, bacon, sausage and spam; spam, bacon,
      sausage and spam; spam, egg, spam, spam, bacon and spam; spam,
      spam, spam, egg and spam; spam, spam, spam, spam, spam, spam,
      baked beans, spam, spam, spam and spam; or lobster thermidor
      aux crevettes with a mornay sauce garnished with truffle pate',
      brandy and a fried egg on top of spam." -- Monty Python's Flying
      Circus


It's possible, even easy, to get a list of every Usenet newsgroup and
publicly accessible LISTSERV list.  With very little thought, you can
convert the list into a program that will mail the same message to
every single one of these groups.

Doing this is called "spamming", after the Monty Python sketch quoted
above.

During the past year, there have been three such mailings that have
"succeeded":  One poster said that the end of the world was nigh;
another advertised the services of their law firm in the so-called
"Green Card Lottery" message; and a third, labeled "MAKE.MONEY.FAST"
was the Usenet equivalent of the old chain letter.

Of the three, the one that got the most attention was the Green Card
Lottery spam (1).  According to the Washington Post, the law firm
in question considered the Internet to be "an ideal, low-cost and
perfectly legitimate way to target people likely to be potential
clients."

Many people felt differently, though.  They felt that, first, the
Internet is the wrong place to conduct commercial business.  Many of
the charters of the Usenet newsgroups and LISTSERVS specifically
prohibit offers to do business.  The few that do accept offers
restrict the buyers and sellers to individuals, not businesses.  The
net has had a long tradition of non-commercialism, ever since its
founding days as ARPAnet.

Second, the net isn't free.  One popular newsreader, "trn", displays the
following message before it lets you post:

     This program posts news articles to thousands of machines
     throughout the enter {sic} civilized world.  Your message will cost
     the net hundreds if not thousands of dollars to send
     everywhere.  Please be sure you know what you are doing.

     Are you absolutely sure you want to do this?  y/n

Since the spammers are alleged to have posted to over 6,000 groups,
they surely spent quite a bit of somebody's money.

Finally, people who gather together to discuss a topic get annoyed when
someone discusses something outside the group's charter.  They often
complain to the newsgroup itself, thereby increasing the traffic
even further.

Note that spams generally aren't crossposted.  That means that every
news host will receive, process, and make available to its readers a
separate copy of the spam for every newsgroup.  Of course, "courteous"
spammers who use crossposting can make things even worse.  In one
recent spam, not only was the spam sent to all sorts of unrelated
newsgroups, but so were the angry replies!  (The people replying were
guilty of not reading their "To:" and "Cc:" lines before they posted).

WHAT TO DO WHEN YOU SEE A SPAM:

First, NEVER reply to the group.  The spammer won't read it.  He's
interested in talking, not listening, and he isn't a list member or a
regular reader.  Your angry posting will only annoy the other members
of the group, and won't affect the spammer in the slightest.

Second, if you have a lot of time on your hands, you may read the
responses of members who ignored my first bit of advice.  On
comp.os.vxworks, for example, one (moderately clueless) member posted
(in response to the end of the world spam) "This isn't a religious
newsgroup!"  An old-timer responded "I think that very much depends on
the topic. ;)." (that's a winking smiley)

Third, if you have even more time on your hands, reply to the poster
at his own mailbox.  But you may not get satisfaction.  Quite often
spammers hit and run, and by the time you get back to yell at them,
they've closed out their accounts (or if their site administrator is
on her toes, they'll have had their accounts closed by the administrator).

Fourth, if you're even angrier at the spammer, you can write to the
administrator of his site.  If the spammer is clown@circus.com, his
administrator is postmaster@circus.com.

Fifth, and this is net abuse that can get you removed by your site
administrator, you may want to mailbomb the offender.  That consists of
sending him lots and lots of e-mail until his site or his account
crashes.  And, yes, it is perfectly possible to make a machine crash,
taking down all its users, by sending too much mail to a person on that
machine.  The same thing can happen to gateways processing the mail.

What I do is *think* about mailing offenders the Manhattan telephone
directory.  In PostScript.  I enjoy the thought without abusing the net
myself.  Yes, you have it within your power to spam the world, or to
mailbomb (mostly innocent) people.  You also have it within your power
to buy a gun and start shooting at people.  That doesn't mean you have
to do it.

URBAN LEGENDS (ULs):

Another example of spamming on a much smaller scale, at least in my
mind, are the urban legends that simply refuse to die. There is no
better example of an urban legend than the story surrounding Craig
Shergold (this as a TRUE urban legend, btw).

"There once was a seven-year-old boy named Craig Shergold who was
diagnosed with a seemingly incurable brain tumor. As he lay dying,
he wished only to have friends send him postcards. The local newspapers
got a hold of the tear-jerking story. Soon, the boy's wish had changed:
he now wanted to get into the Guinness Book of World Records for the
largest postcard collection. Word spread around the world. People by
the millions sent him postcards.

Miraculously, the boy lived. An American billionaire even flew him
to the U.S. for surgery to remove what remained of the tumor. And
his wish succeeded beyond his wildest dreams -- he made the Guinness
Book of world records.

But with Craig now well into his teens, his dream has turned into
a nightmare for the post office in the small town outside London
where he lives. Like Craig himself, his request for cards just
refuses to die, inundating the post office with millions of cards
every year. Just when it seems like the flow is slowing, along
comes somebody else who starts up a whole new slew of requests
for people to send Craig post cards (or greeting cards or business
cards -- Craig letters have truly taken on a life of their own
and begun to mutate). Even Dear Abby has been powerless to make
it stop." (2)

The current variation on the Craig story that is floating around
the Internet is that you should send your cards to the Make A Wish
foundation in Atlanta, Georgia. Please do not do this. Make A
Wish -- a foundation that grants the dying wish of children with
terminal illnesses -- has enough to worry about.

Other urban legends currently making their way around the Internet
include a story that gangs are driving around at night with their
headlights out and then shooting anyone who "flashes them" with
their high beam headlights, and that there is a "virus" called
CD-IT that is eating the hard-drives of stupid people. The "lights
out" story may be true, but the police departments in Chicago,
New York City, and Los Angeles all told me over the phone that
the story was false (I called). The CD-IT story it true, but
it is FOUR YEARS OLD!!!

I am going to share with you the number one rule for Internet
discussion group survival: only post things that are relevant
to the topic that the discussion group was created to discuss.
The Craig Shergold story would have died a peaceful death years
ago if people had only remembered the "relevant posting" rule.

TOMORROW: Internet Security

HOMEWORK:

1)   If you are really interested in urban legends, there is a
     Usenet newsgroup (alt.folklore.urban) that you should check
     out.

2)   If you want to see a cute example of what a flame war really looks
     like, my dad recently recorded a flame war on a relatively calm
     Usenet group. That file is now on the LISTSERV file server at
     the University of Alabama under the name FLAME WAR

     Please feel free to GET this file (see MAP02: LISTSERV FILE SERVER
     COMMANDS) for a review of the GET command.

FOR MORE INFORMATION:

     The November/December 1994 edition of Internet World magazine has
     several good articles about Usenet.

SOURCES:

(1) from "Green Card Lottery -- The Full Story" posted on
    alt.internet.services on June 2, 1994

(2) from the "EFF's Guide to the Internet." Reprinted by permission.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP10: INTERNET SECURITY


     "Cyberspace, in its present condition, has a lot in common
      with the 19th Century West. It is vast, unmapped, culturally
      and legally ambiguous, verbally terse (unless you happen to
      be a court stenographer), hard to get around in, and up for
      grabs. Large institutions already claim to own the place,
      but most of the actual natives are solitary and independent,
      sometimes to the point of sociopathy. It is, of course, a
      perfect breeding ground for both outlaws and new ideas about
      liberty." -- John Perry Barlow, Crime and Puzzlement


I would love to tell you that the Internet is a safe place and that
there is no reason for you to protect your password. Unfortunately,
there are a LOT of people out there who would LOVE to break into
your account and "use your account as a base for operations (1)."

How prevalent is this? According to Mike Godwin, Chief Legal Counsel
for the Electronic Frontier Foundation, it's "fairly common." (1)

The main defense against people who want to break into your account --
a.k.a. "crackers" -- is your password. Keep your password secure, and
you should never have anything to worry about. Give your password to
others, or write your password down and put it near your computer,
and ... well, you get the picture.

There are some KEY points you need to remember to protect yourself and
your account:

     - NEVER give your password to *ANYONE* (1). The whole purpose
       of having a password in the first place is to ensure that
       *NO ONE* other than you can use your account.

     - NEVER write your password down, and especially never write
       your password anywhere near your computer.

     - NEVER let anyone look over your shoulder while you enter
       your password. "Shoulder Surfing" is the most common way
       that accounts are hacked.

     - NEVER e-mail your password to anyone.

     - DO change your password on a regular basis (1). There is no better
       way to thwart a would-be cracker than to change your password
       as often as possible. Your local Internet service provider will
       be able to tell you your system's recommendation on how often
       you should change your password, but a good rule of thumb is
       to change it at least every three months.

     - DON'T pick a password that is found in the dictionary (1). When
       you set your password, it is encrypted and stored into a file.
       It is really easy for a "cracker" to find your password by
       encrypting every word in the dictionary, and then looking
       for a match between the words in his encrypted dictionary
       and your encrypted password. If he finds a match, he has your
       password and can start using your account at will.

     - DON'T use passwords that are foreign words. The hacker can
       get a foreign dictionary, and ...

     - NEVER use your userid as your password. This is the easiest
       password to crack.

     - DON'T choose a password that relates to you personally (2)
       or that can easily be tied to you. Some good examples of BAD
       passwords are: your name, your relatives' names, nicknames,
       birthdates, license plate numbers, social security numbers (US),
       work ID numbers, and telephone numbers.

     - DO use a password that is at least eight characters long and
       that has a mix of letters and numbers. The minimum length of
       a password should be four to six characters long.

     - NEVER use the same password on other systems or accounts.

     - ALWAYS be especially careful when you telnet or rlogin to
       access another computer over the Net. When you telnet or
       rlogin, your system sends your password in plain text
       over the Net. Some crackers have planted programs
       on Internet gateways for the purpose of finding and stealing
       these passwords. If you have to telnet frequently, change
       your password just as frequently. If you only telnet
       occasionally, say, for business trips, set up a new
       password (or even a new account) just for the trip. When
       you return, change that password (or close out that account).

The best passwords -- the ones that are the easiest for you to
remember, and the ones that are the hardest for crackers to crack --
are passwords that are like those fake words you used to create when
you would cram for a test. For example, to remember that "the Law
of Demand is the inverse relationship between price and quantity
demanded," I created the word TLODITIRBP&QD. NO ONE could hack that
as a password. Best of all, its EASY to remember (well, its easy
for an economist to remember).

Here are a couple of other good passwords:

   Sentence                                Possible password

   In 1976 I moved to Tulsa, Oklahoma      I76IMTTO
   The conference lost 12,000 dollars      TCL12KD
   U of A Crimson Tide Football is #1      UACTFI#1

Sentences are EASY to remember, and they make passwords that are nearly
impossible to break (and please do NOT use these sample passwords as
your own).

Do NOT use well known abbreviations (for example: wysiwyg), and
do NOT use keyboard patterns (for example: qwerty) as your password.

If you notice weird things happening with your account:

     1. Change your password IMMEDIATELY!
     2. Tell your local Internet service provider about it.

It is very common for someone whose account has been hacked to
dismiss the signs that the account has been hacked as technical
problems with the system. However, when one account is hacked,
it very often puts the whole system at risk.

Finally, there is one last thing that I want to say before I close:
I feel that "hacking" and "cracking" so violates the spirit of the
Internet that I will do everything in my power to help put the
overgrown babies who engage in such activities where they belong --
behind bars. Until that time comes, however, I'm going to change
my password as often as possible.

HOMEWORK

     Contact your local Internet service provider, find out how you
     can change your password, and CHANGE YOUR PASSWORD!!

SOURCES:

(1) from a telephone interview with Mike Godwin, Chief Legal Counsel
    for the Electronic Frontier Foundation.

(2) comments from the Computer Law Association, as quoted in
    Bottom Line Personal 6/1/94 p.8 (in Edupage 5.22.92)

(3) quoted from Edupage 06.09.94 (from a story in the Tampa Tribune
    6/8/94 Baylife 5)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP11: TELNET (PART ONE)


     "Thanks to the interstate highway system, it is now possible
      to travel across the country from coast to coast without
      seeing anything." -- Charles Kuralt, On the Road


We are about to enter a new section of this workshop. For the past
week, we have talked about communicating on a one-to-one basis
(e-mail) and on a one-to-many basis (LISTSERV and Usenet).

Today, I'm going to show you how to log in to other computers around
the world and take full advantage of the public programs and services
that these other computers offer.

There is some bad news, though. Some of you, especially a good
number of you with "level one" Internet access, do not have access
to TELNET. If this is true for you, please accept my apologies.
I promise to make it up to you next week when I show you File
Transfer Protocol -- and besides, you can always take today's lesson
and tomorrow's lesson and bug your local Internet provider into
offering TELNET (you can also save this lesson for the day
that you do have TELNET access).

With TELNET, the commands that you type on your keyboard are sent
from your terminal to your local Internet service provider, and
then from your provider to the remote computer that you have
accessed. Unlike the LISTSERV commands that you sent last week
that took CENTURIES to process (okay, a *slight* exaggeration),
TELNET commands (usually) travel so fast that you can't even
tell that you are using a remote computer.

So what can you do with this ability to log into remote computers?
If your local Internet provider allows it, it is possible for you
to TELNET into your account from another city and check your e-mail
while you are on vacation or away on business. You can also TELNET
into huge databases to do research, or even TELNET into libraries
around the world to check if they have a certain book that you
are looking for. TELNET also offers an easy entry into the world
of Gophers and the World Wide Web for those people who may not
otherwise have access to these tools.

Last Tuesday (in MAP04: E-MAIL), I showed you that an Internet
address for a user looked something like: user@address. Well, since
we are no longer interested in the person -- we want to access the
computer, not the person -- we can throw away both the "user" and the
"@" part. All we care about now is the stuff *after* the @.

TELNET addresses look something like this:

     seabass.st.usm.edu        cybernet.cse.fau.edu
     bbhost.hq.eso.org         fedworld.gov
     128.118.36.5              192.160.13.1

Gee ... that's easy. Also notice that TELNET addresses can be
in domain name format (i.e. seabass.st.usm.edu) or in IP
address format (i.e. 120.118.36.5). (Note: both the domain
name system and the IP address system were discussed in MAP04:
E-MAIL).

You may also see TELNET addresses with numbers stuck on the
END of them. Those numbers are "port" numbers. Port numbers don't
have anything to do with hardware ports on the computer; instead
they are (sort of) a way for you to tell the remote computer which
program or server you want it to pull up. A TELNET address with a port
number allows you not only to access a remote computer, but to also
pull up a specific program or server on that remote computer (BTW, the
standard port number is port 23):

     seabass.st.usm.edu 23     cybernet.cse.fau.edu 2010
     bbhost.hq.eso.org 6969    fedworld.gov 4242
     128.118.36.5 23           192.160.13.1 66

We seem to have the addresses down pat. Now for the fun stuff!

There are seven steps to a successful TELNET session. These steps
are all based on simple common sense, and I will explain them all
in a minute. But first, here are the seven steps:

     1. Start-up the TELNET program
     2. Give the TELNET program an address to connect to
        (BTW, some really nifty TELNET packages allow you
        to combine steps 1 and 2 into one simple step!)
     3. Make a note of what the "escape character" is
     4. Log in to the remote computer
     5. Set the "terminal emulation"
     6. Play around on the remote computer
     7. Quit

Now let's talk about each of these steps. There are a lot of different
TELNET software programs around, but each of these programs operate on
the same basic principles. (BTW, my explanation may be a little
"mainframe-y" but you will soon discover that you can easily
translate my explanation so that you can use TELNET in Windows
or on a Macintosh).

Starting the TELNET program is easy. All most of you have to do is
type the word TELNET on your command line, and the program will
start right up. If you are using Windows or a Macintosh (or
an equivalent), double-click on the TELNET icon.

The second step is to give the TELNET program the address of
the computer that you want to access. This is where the programs
start to differ. Some programs will automatically ask you to enter
the address of the remote host, but most won't. If your program
does not automatically ask you for the address, you need to type

          open <site address> <port number>

on the command line. For example, to get TELNET access to
YALEINFO.YALE.EDU 7000, you would type OPEN YALEINFO.YALE.EDU 7000.
(If you are using Windows or a Mac, the OPEN command may be
located on a pull-down menu). If you don't include the port
number, TELNET will automatically assume that you want to
connect to port 23.

Remember when I said that some nifty TELNET programs allow you
start-up the TELNET program and access the address all in one
easy step? Instead of doing the two steps I just went over, you
may be able to just type

          telnet <site address> <port number>

on the command line (for example: TELNET YALEINFO.YALE.EDU 7000).

After you have told TELNET which computer you want it to access, and
right before you gain access to the remote computer's login screen,
you will see something like this:

     telnet YALEINFO.YALE.EDU 7000
     Trying 130.132.21.53 Port 7000 ...
     Connected to YALEINFO.YALE.EDU
     Escape character is ...

This tells you that your TELNET program is trying to access the
YALEINFO.YALE.EDU 7000 address, gives the IP address for YALEINFO
(remember those from MAP04?), tells you when you are connected,
and gives you the escape character. REMEMBER THE ESCAPE CHARACTER!
You are going to need it in a second :)

The next step is to log in to the remote computer. Everyone should
know how to log in to a computer by now ;)    <=== a winking smiley

If you are accessing a public site, the "login" -- the "password"
that you need to access the remote computer -- will probably be
publicly known. For example, tomorrow I will send you a list of
several dozen TELNET sites, including their addresses and logins.
Some public sites even TELL you what the login is when you TELNET
to them! Heck, some TELNET sites are wide open and do not require
a login or password at all!!

The fifth step is to set the terminal emulation. All this means is that
you are going to tell the remote site how data should be shown on
your screen. The most common terminal emulation setting is VT100,
which is the standard for terminal-based communications.

If you do not have a VT100 terminal, or a terminal that can pretend
its a VT100 terminal. you may have to set your terminal emulation
to either your correct terminal type or, if you do not know your
your correct terminal type, to a "dumb" terminal emulation.

Fortunately, some TELNET sites automatically take care setting the
terminal emulation for you, so you don't even have to worry about
it.

If you end up with a screen full of gibberish, chances are you did
not use the correct terminal emulation setting. Your best bet if this
happens is to disconnect from the site and try again.

I think you can figure out the sixth step -- play around on the
remote computer -- all by yourself :)

The final step is to quit. Some sites are nice and tell you how to
do this, but most expect you to figure out how to quit on your
own. That is where the escape character comes in!

Remember that once you access the remote computer, every keystroke
of yours will be carried out not on your computer but on the remote
computer! Typing the escape character (usually the control key and the
right bracket key pressed at the same time) temporarily interrupts
your TELNET session and puts you into the TELNET command mode.

Once you are in the command mode, you can use a couple of commands:

     CLOSE       Closes your TELNET connection to the remote computer
                 and either returns you to the command mode (if you
                 started in the command mode) or quits TELNET.
     QUIT        Quits the TELNET program; if you are connected to
                 a remote computer, QUIT will disconnect you from
                 the remote computer and then quit TELNET.
     SET ECHO    If you can't see what you are typing, or if you
                 type and see double, this command should take
                 care of the problem
     <ENTER>     (or <RETURN>) Pressing the enter or return key
                 will take you out of TELNET command mode and
                 return you to your TELNET session.
     OPEN        Opens a connection to a remote computer

So, if you are in the middle of a TELNET session and you decide
to quit, you would type the escape character to enter the TELNET
command mode, and then type the word QUIT.

One last thing and I will let you go: regular TELNET does not
work if you are trying to TELNET to an IBM 3270 mainframe computer.
You'll have to use TN3270 instead. It works just like TELNET,
only the keys on your keyboard may change a little (IBM uses
something called map3270 to lay out the keys, and IBM uses a
lot of function keys).

HOMEWORK

     Study this lesson carefully. Tomorrow I am going to send
     you a huge list of TELNET addresses, and turn you loose
     to wreak havoc on the Internet :)

     Also, a not-so-subtle hint: we just ended one section of
     the workshop and entered a new one. What does the teacher
     usually give you when a class section ends?

     Study hard >:)        <===== that's a devil smiley

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP12: TELNET (PART 2)


      "All work and no play makes Jack a dull boy" -- anon


There are *many* incredible Internet books on the market today.
The following listings were copied, with the permission of the
publisher, from "The Internet Yellow Pages" written by Harley
Hahn and Rick Stout (and published by Osborne McGraw-Hill).

Hahn and Stout's "The Internet Yellow Pages" has over four hundred
pages of listings for various e-mail, LISTSERV, Internet mailing
list, Usenet, telnet, FTP, Gopher, and finger sites around the
world. I went through "The Internet Yellow Pages" and randomly
picked forty-one interesting telnet sites.

Before I turn you loose on the Internet, there are a few things I
want to say:

     -  The listings give the site's address, and the password
        required. For example, if the listing said

                  Address:  squirrel.com
                  Password: patrick

        you would simply telnet to squirrel.com, and use the
        password "patrick" :)

     - If a site does not let you in, its probably because that
       site is having some problems. If this happens, just pick
       another site.

     - Please remember that your local Internet service provider
       only handles the *local* part of your service. It would be
       pretty foolish to call your local Internet service provider
       and complain about a problem that you are having with a
       *distant* computer :)

     - Remember the Roadmap code: YOU CAN NOT BREAK THE INTERNET!!
       The Internet was built to survive a direct nuclear attack
       ... it can take ANYTHING you do to it. If the Internet can
       survive me, it can survive you. ;)

     - If everything falls apart on you, EXIT TELNET AND TRY AGAIN!

Your homework is to pick one -- and ONLY one -- of the following
sites, and telnet to it (because of the size of this workshop, I
am going to have to limit you to one site for now; after the workshop
is over, you can visit as many sites as you want) :)

Have fun, and have a safe and happy weekend.

-----

AGRICULTURE

  PENpages

     International Food & Nutrition Database, National Family Database,
     The 4-H Youth Development Database, agricultural and weather
     statistics, market news, newsletters, and drought information.
     This resource is provided by the Penn State College of
     Agricultural Sciences.

     Comment: Login with the two-letter abbreviation for your state
     (e.g., PA)

     Address: psupen.psu.edu

ARCHAEOLOGY

   National Archaeological Database

     A database of over 100,000 reports of archaeological investigations.
     Search by keyword, location, author, and publication date.

     Address: cast.uark.edu
     Login: nadb

AVIATION

   DUATS

      Aviation weather, PIREPS, and flight plans.

      Address (for pilots only): duat.gtefsd.com
      Login: your last name

BBSs (BULLETIN BOARD SYSTEMS)

   FedWorld

      FedWorld BBS is sponsored by the National Technical Information
      Service (NTIS) and is tasked by Congress to help disseminate
      vast amounts of scientific and technical information along with
      other, non-technical information. As a central point of
      connectivity, NTIS FedWorld offers access to thousands of
      files across a wide range of subject areas. You can find
      information ranging from environmental protection to small
      business.

      Address: fedworld.gov
      Login: new

BUSINESS AND FINANCE

   European Commission Host Organization

      ECHO offers scientific, language, business, and research
      databases in any of 8 languages.

      Address: echo.lu
      Login: echo

   Stock Market Report

      Daily stock market summary report. Provided as a free service
      of a2i.

      Address: a2i.rahul.net
      Login: Guest
      Select n, "Menu: Current Info," then "Market Report"

ECONOMICS:

   Economic Bulletin Board

      The Economic Bulletin Board is operated by the U.S. Department
      of Commerce. It has 20 separate file areas that contain current
      economic and trade information, such as economic indicators,
      U.S. Treasury auction results and employment statistics.

      Address: ebb.stat-usa.gov
      Login: guest

EDUCATION:

   Higher Education Resources and Opportunities (HERO)

      A 24-hour, on-line database service that provides access to
      valuable information from colleges and universities on
      scholarships, grants, fellowships, conferences, faculty and
      student development, research opportunities, partnership
      initiatives, and other opportunities for minorities and
      women

      Address: fedix.fie.com
      Login: new

   National Referral Central Master File

      The National Referral Center Resources File (NRCM) provides
      thousands of descriptions of organizations qualified and
      willing to answer questions and provide information on many
      topics in science, technology and the social sciences. The
      file is updated weekly, and each entry in the file lists the
      name of the organization, mailing address and other information.

      Address: locis.loc.gov
      Password: Organizations

EDUCATION: STUDENTS

   Academic Advice

      Sound suggestions for attacking poor study habits, relieving
      stress, and making it happily through college -- and life.

      Address: health.umt.edu
      Login: health

ENVIRONMENT

   EnviroNet

      A menu-driven, user-friendly resource with environmental data
      in textual, graphic and tabular form.

      Address: envnet.gsfc.nasa.gov
      Login: envnet
      Password: henniker

   U.S. Environmental Protection Agency

      A menu-driven system that provides information on the EPA and
      what they're up to.

      Address: epaibm.rtpnc.epa.gov

GAMES

   Game Server

      Choose from a multitude of exciting on-line games including
      Bucks, Moria, Tetris, Sokoban, Reversi, Nethack, and many
      adventure games, including MUDs.

      Address: herx1.tat.physik.uni-tuebingen.de
      Login: games

GEOGRAPHY

   Geography Server

      Get information about cities, regions, countries, etc.,
      including population, latitude and longitude, elevation, and
      so on.

      Address: martini.eecs.umich.edu 3000

GEOLOGY

   Earthquake Information

      Get up-to-date news about earthquakes around the world.

      Address: geophys.washington.edu
      Login: quake
      Password: quake

GOVERNMENT: CONGRESS

   Congressional Legislation

      These files track and describe legislation (bills and
      resolutions) introduced in Congress, from 1973 (93rd Congress)
      to the current Congress (103rd). Each file covers a separate
      Congress.

      Address: locis.loc.gov
      Password: Federal Legislation

HEALTH

   AIDS Information

      AIDS statistics, including daily summaries from newspaper
      articles, details of those at risk, and the full text of
      Aids Treatment News.

      Address: health.umt.edu
      Login: health

HISTORY

   History Databases

      A menu driven interface for databases, electronic texts,
      journals and other archive sites for American and European
      historical topics

      Address: ukanaix.cc.ukans.edu
      Login: history

INTERNET

   InterNIC Information Services

      Find information about people, organizations and resources
      on the Internet. Also find and retrieve documents from all
      over the world with lookups by name or keyword.

      Address: ds.internic.net
      Login: guest

      Address: rs.internic.net

INTERNET: RESOURCES

   Internet Services and resources

      The LIBS system is a comprehensive collection of Internet
      resources presented in an easy-to-use menu-driven interface.
      The system operates like a bulletin board, but offers direct
      access to remote resources

      Address: garam.kreonet.re.kr
      Login: nic

      Address: nessie.cc.wwu.edu
      Login: libs

LANGUAGE

   Webster's Dictionary Servers

      On-line Webster's dictionary and spelling reference. This
      service repeatedly prompts you for a word. If you misspell
      a word, the system will prompt you to choose between a
      number of similar words. Gives spelling, pronunciation
      and definitions.

      Address: 129.79.254.195 2627
      Login: webster

LIBRARIES

   Carl System

      A computerized network of library systems. Search for keywords
      from any of five databases (library catalogs, current articles,
      information databases, other library systems, library and
      system news).

      Address: pac.carl.org
      Login: pac

NEWS

   USA Today

      Sample articles from USA Today.

      Address: freenet-in-a.cwru.edu
      Login: visitor

      Address: freenet-in-b.cwru.edu
      Login: visitor

      Address: freenet-in-c.cwru.edu
      Login: visitor

      Address: yfn.ysu.edu
      Login: visitor

PHYSICS

   National Nuclear Data Center Online Data Service

      All the data you could possibly want regarding nuclear physics
      and statistical measurements, including radiation levels and
      other information for the U.S.

      Address: bnlnd2.dne.bnl.gov
      Login: nndc

RELIGION: TRADITIONAL

   Gabriel's Horn

      Returns a Bible verse from the Old or New Testament.

      Address: 138.26.65.78  7777

SEXUALITY

   Sexual Assault and Sexual Abuse Recovery

      Documents and discussions to help deal with traumatic
      experiences, recover from sexual assault, and prevent
      acquaintance or date rape.

      Address: health.umt.edu
      Login: health

SPACE

   NASA Spacelink

      History, current events, projects and plans at NASA.

      Address: spacelink.msfc.nasa.gov

SPORTS AND ATHLETICS

   NFL Schedule

      Get the day's game schedule for your favorite NFL football
      teams. Enter "help" for help. Full schedules are also
      available.

      Address: culine.colorado.edu 863
      NBA schedules are at port 859, NHL at 860, and Major League
      baseball (HA!!) is at port 862

TECHNOLOGY

   Hot of the Tree (HOTT)

      A weekly publication containing excerpts and summaries of
      information technology articles.

      Comment: For the telnet site, type "show hott" after logging in.

      Address: melvyl.ucop.edu
      Login: <your terminal type>

TRAVEL

   Subway Navigator

      Find the right route in the subways of several of the world's
      largest cities, including subways in France, Germany, Spain
      and Canada.

      Address: metro.jussieu.fr  10000

WEATHER

   Weather Reports

      Get up-to-date weather reports for any location on the planet.
      An easy-to-use interface guides you through the process of
      selecting a city or location, and then viewing the weather
      report on-screen or downloading it to your computer.

      Address: downwind.sprl.umich.edu  3000


SOURCE:

All of the entries listed above came from "The Internet Yellow Pages"
by Harley Hahn and Rick Stout. Reprinted by permission of the publisher
(Osborne McGraw Hill).

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP-EXTRA: BACK LESSON ARCHIVE


          "I was in the Eagles? Cool!" -- Joe Walsh


Well, we survived another week. I want to thank everyone for putting
up with our little LISTSERV problems earlier this week. While most of
you probably had no problem at all, I want to again apologize to those
of you who recieved blank or weirdly formatted copies of MAP08 and
MAP09 (it was the squirrels' fault!).

Anyway, here is a list of all of the lessons that I have sent
out so far:

          WEEK1
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

          WEEK3
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP08     LESSON    USENET
          MAP09     LESSON    SPAMMING AND URBAN LEGENDS
          MAP10     LESSON    INTERNET SECURITY
          MAP11     LESSON    TELNET (PART ONE)
          MAP12     LESSON    TELNET (PART TWO)

If you are missing any of these lessons, there are TWO ways
that you can have the lessons sent to you: in individual files,
or in one-week blocks.

If you have a small e-mail box, or if you only want to retrieve
a particular Roadmap workshop lesson (say, for example, a lesson
that you have accidentally thrown away), you can send an e-mail
letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET FILENAME FILETYPE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the words FILENAME
and FILETYPE with the filename and filetype for the particular
lesson that you want to retrieve.

What is a "filename" and "filetype?" Well, look at the following
chart:

          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

The filename appears in the first column, and the filetype appears
in the second column. So, the filename and filetype for the
"WELCOME" message would be MAP01 LESSON, and the filename and
filetype for the "LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS" lesson would
be MAP02 LESSON

That's pretty easy. If you want to retrieve the lesson on LISTSERV
file server commands, you would send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET MAP02 LESSON F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the lesson(s)
that you request!

You can also get the lessons e-mailed to you in one week blocks
simply by sending an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK# PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the # with the week
number of the block that you want to retrieve.

For example, to get all of these "WEEK2" files e-mailed to you

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

all you have to do is send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK2 PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the particular
one-week block of lessons that you request.

I do need to ask you a favor, though. Please only get one week's
lessons at a time. I know that there is a great temptation for you
to get all of the lessons at once, but that will place a great
deal of strain on the University of Alabama's system. The University
of Alabama has been kind enough to store these lessons so that
you can retrieve them -- we need to repay their kindness by
keeping the demand on their system to a minimum.

Oh, and before I forget, here is a list of the lessons that I will
be sending you in the weeks to come:

          M 2/27     MAP13: FTP (PART ONE)
          T 2/28     MAP14: FTP (PART TWO)
          W 3/1      MAP15: FTPMAIL
          R 3/2      MAP16: FTP FILE COMPRESSION
                     POP QUIZ
          F 3/3      MAP17: ARCHIE
                     MAP17B: FTP SITES
                     POP QUIZ ANSWERS

          M 3/6      MAP18: GOPHER (PART ONE)
          T 3/7      MAP19: GOPHER (PART TWO)
          W 3/8      MAP20: BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS
          R 3/9      MAP21: VERONICA
          F 3/10     MAP22: GOPHERMAIL

          M 3/13     MAP23: WWW (PART ONE)
          T 3/14     MAP24: WWW (PART TWO)
                     POP QUIZ
          W 3/15     MAP25: ADDRESSES SEARCHES AND FINGER
                     MAP-EXTRA: NEAT STUFF TO CHECK OUT
                     MAP-EXTRA: ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET
          R 3/16     MAP26: IRC/MUDs/MOOs AND OTHER "TALKERS"
                     GUEST LECTURE -- RICHARD SMITH
                     POP QUIZ ANSWERS
          F 3/17     MAP27: THE FUTURE ...

Have a GREAT (and safe) weekend :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP13: FTP (PART ONE)


     "The desire of knowledge, like the thirst of riches, increases
      ever with the acquisition of it." -- Laurence Sterne, Tristram
      Shandy


Welcome back to the third week of the Roadmap workshop! I hope
that you are having as much fun participating in this workshop
as I am having teaching it! :)

Last week we used a tool called "Telnet" which allowed us to access
remote computers and run programs on those remote computers.

This week we are going to use a tool called "File Transfer Protocol"
(or "FTP") which will allow us to access remote computers and retrieve
files from these computers. Actually, it is probably more accurate
to say that we will be using "anonymous" FTP, but I'll explain that
in a minute.

What sort of files are available through FTP?  Well, "hundreds of
systems connected to the Internet have file libraries, or archives,
accessible to the public. Much of this consists of free or low-cost
{computer} programs for virtually every make of computer. If you
want a different communications program for your IBM, or feel like
playing a new game on your Amiga, you'll {probably} be able to get it
{using FTP}."

"But there are also libraries of documents as well. If you want a
copy of a recent U.S. Supreme Court decision, you can {get a copy
using FTP}. Copies of historical documents, from the Magna Carta to
the Declaration of Independence are also yours for the asking ...
You can also find song lyrics, poems, {and} even summaries of
every {Animaniacs} episode ever made. You can also find extensive
files detailing everything you could possibly want to know about
the Net itself" (1)

Before we get too in-depth into FTP, I think that now is as good
a time as any to quickly review the client/server relationship
that I briefly mentioned in lesson three (MAP03: Levels of Internet
Connectivity).

"Client" is just another word for a program running on your
service provider's system that enables you to talk to, and get
stuff from, distant computers. The client on your service provider's
system takes your commands and turns them into requests for information
from programs -- "servers" -- running on other, distant computers.

The client/server relationship allows you to TELNET into remote
computers and run programs on those remote computers, and it also
allows you to use FTP to get files from remote sites.

The client/server relationship is also what makes my job as an Internet
trainer quite difficult. While all of the FTP clients out there do the
exact same thing, they all use different commands to do it.

Fortunately, if you can understand the basics of what happens during
an FTP session, the commands -- no matter what client you are using --
are pretty easy.

The basic steps in an FTP session are:

     1. Start-up your FTP client
     2. Give your FTP client an address to connect to (and, just
        like TELNET, step one and two can be combined into one
        easy step).
     3. Identify yourself to the remote site
     4. Give the remote site your password
     5. Look around the directory for files
     6. Change Directories
     7. Set the transfer mode (optional)
     8. Get the file(s) you want
     9. Quit

The best way to understand what is going on is to look at a sample
FTP session. The University of Alabama's connection to the Internet
is through SURAnet (a large regional network), so I'm going to FTP
to them.

Before I do that, though, there are three things that I need to
emphasize:

     1. FTP requires a heck of a lot of resources, both on your
        system and on the remote system that you are accessing.
        Because of this, FTP sessions should only be run during
        non-working hours (usually 6 PM to 6 AM local).

        I realize that this constraint is going to be a difficult
        for those of you who are reading this at work, and who only
        have Internet (and FTP access) through your employer. However,
        as responsible Internet citizens we have to remember that
        the FTP sites are providing us FTP access out of the kindness
        of their hearts. If we take advantage of this kindness, and
        access various FTP sites during working hours, those FTP
        sites may decide to close their doors to the public ... and
        then EVERYONE loses.

     2. In light of what was said in #1, please do not flood SURAnet.
        Later this week I will post a list of FTP sites that you
        can visit (much like the TELNET list I posted Friday).
        Until I post that list, just sit back and enjoy the show :)

     3. Since this lesson is already over 100 lines long, I hope that
        you won't mind if I break this FTP lesson into two lessons.
        The first lesson will be today, and I'll finish tomorrow.
        This will mean that we will end this lesson in the middle
        of our sample FTP session, but it will also mean that this
        lesson won't be the size of a small book :)

Starting an FTP session is pretty easy. For most of you, all you
have to do to start-up your FTP client is type

          ftp

on you system's command line (or, if you are in a Windows or Mac
environment, double-click on the FTP icon).

>From there, you would give the client an FTP address to connect to.

Like TELNET, however, there is a way to combine these two steps into
one, easy step. For most of you, to access your FTP client and give
your client an address to hook up to, all you would have to do it
type the command

          ftp <site address>

and replace <site address> with the address of the FTP site that you
want your client software to access.

In our example, the SURAnet FTP address is ftp.sura.net, so I would type

          ftp ftp.sura.net

to start an FTP session. (Note that the second "ftp" is part of
SURAnet's FTP address. If I wanted to ftp to info.umd.edu, I would
type "ftp info.umd.edu"; if I wanted to ftp to lcs.mit.edu, I would
type "ftp lcs.mit.edu").

Once I hit the enter key, the following appears on my screen:

   ftp ftp.sura.net
   Connecting to ftp.sura.net 128.167.254.179, port 21
   220 nic.sura.net FTP server (Version wu-2.4(1) Fri May 20 10:20:58
   EDT 1994) ready.
   USER (identify yourself to the host):

The second line tells me that my system is connecting to ftp.sura.net
(and even gives me the IP number for ftp.sura.net), the third line is
some automatic information from SURAnet, and the bottom line is asking
me to log in.

If I had an account on the SURAnet system, I would enter my SURAnet
user ID. But, since I don't have an account on this system, I have
to find another way to access the system. ;)

This is where the "anonymous" FTP I mentioned earlier comes in :)
The other way to access some FTP sites -- at least those FTP sites
that allow outside access -- is to use the userid "anonymous".
By using the name "anonymous", you are telling that FTP site that
you aren't a regular user of that site, but you would still like to
access that FTP site, look around, and retrieve files.

So, where it says USER, I type the word

          anonymous

hit enter, and cross my fingers. If SURAnet does not allow anonymous
access, I'm about to find out :)

   >>>USER anonymous
   331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password.
   Password:

COOL! Its going to let me in. All I have to do is give the site a
password.

Out of politeness to the FTP site, if you login as "anonymous", you
need to use your full Internet address as your password. This helps
the FTP site keep track of who has visited its site.

So, since it wants my password, and since the password for any
anonymous FTP session is my full Internet address, I type

          pcrispe1@ua1vm.ua.edu

(Stop laughing -- p-crispy-one is *NOT* funny!!). Once I hit enter,
my screen fills with the following:

   >>>PASS ********
   230-    SURAnet ftp server running wuarchive experimental ftpd
   230-
   230-Welcome to the SURAnet ftp server.  If you have any problems with
   230-the server please mail the to systems@sura.net. If you do have problems,
   230-please try using a dash (-) as the first character of your password
   230- -- this will turn off the continuation messages that may be confusing
   230-your ftp client.
   ...
   230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
   Command:

Notice the line "Guest login ok, access restrictions apply." This
means that the site has given me access, but I only have access to
the files that are available to the general public.

Okay ... now what? I've started-up my FTP client, I've given the client
an FTP address to connect to, I've identified myself to the remote site
(I told it that I am anonymous), and I've given the site my password.

Now it's time to see what sort of files and directories are around, and
to get those files ... which we will do tomorrow :)

HOMEWORK:

     1. See if your local Internet service provider has a handout
        on FTP commands.

     2. If you do not have FTP access, please be patient. I'll
        show you how to access FTP by e-mail on Wednesday.

     3. There *WILL* be a pop quiz sometime this week, and
        the quiz will cover lessons 1-10 :)


SOURCES:

(1) The "EFF's Guide to the Internet", reprinted by permission.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP14: FTP (PART TWO)


     "Technology ... the knack of so arranging the world that we need
      not experience it." -- Max Frisch, Homo Faber


Yesterday I told you that the basic steps in an FTP session are:

     1. Start-up your FTP client
     2. Give your FTP client an address to connect to (and, just
        like TELNET, step one and two can be combined into one
        easy step).
     3. Identify yourself to the remote site
     4. Give the remote site your password
     5. Look around the directory for files
     6. Change Directories
     7. Set the transfer mode (optional)
     8. Get the file(s) you want
     9. Quit

I've accessed SURAnet's FTP site (ftp.sura.net), told the site that
I am "anonymous", and given the site my full Internet address as
my password.

Now that I'm in, I'm going to look around and see what the SURAnet
FTP site has to offer.

(BTW, you can see a list of all of the acceptable commands for
your FTP client by typing "help")

On most FTP clients, the command to list the contents of the current
directory on the remote machine is just

          dir

My FTP client accepts and uses the "dir" command, so I type

          dir

and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>PORT 130,160,4,100,212,230
   200 PORT command successful
   >>>LIST
   150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
   total 728
   drwxrwx--x   3 0        0              512 Aug  5 01:55 bin
   drwxr-xr-x   2 0        1              512 May 10 12:47 etc
   drwxrwxrwx   6 0        10             512 Oct 21 11:37 incoming
   drwxr-xr-x   2 0        0             8192 Feb 15  1992 lost+found
   -rw-r--r--   1 0        1           350142 Oct 25 00:00 ls-lR
   drwxrwxr-r  24 0        100            512 May  3 13:25 pub

This is a listing of all of the stuff in the current directory.
Let's take a look at the first entry and see if we can figure out
what all of this means:

   drwxrwx--x   3 0        0              512 Aug  5 01:55 bin

If the line begins with a "-" instead of a "d", it is a file.
The letter "d" at the beginning of this example tells me that this
is not a file -- it is a subdirectory.

What does *THAT* mean? Well, pretend that the FTP site is simply
a big house. You walk into the house through the front door, and
you find yourself standing in an entry hall. The entry hall may
have some neat stuff in it, but it also has doors leading to other
rooms throughout the house.

The subdirectories -- the "d"s -- are just doors to other "rooms"
at the FTP site, and the files -- the "-"s -- are the neat stuff
that you can get while you are at the site.

Getting back to our example,

   drwxrwx--x   3 0        0              512 Aug  5 01:55 bin

the "drwxrwx--x" tells us that this entry is a subdirectory (the
"rwxrwx--x" part is just some security stuff). The "512" tells
us the size of the subdirectory in bytes.  The "Aug  5 01:55" tells
us the date and time that this subdirectory was last updated. The
last part -- the "bin" -- tells us the name of the subdirectory.

Let's look at one more example:

   -rw-r--r--   1 0        1           350142 Oct 25 00:00 ls-lR

There is a "-" instead of a "d", so this is a file. The "350142"
tells us that the size of this file is 350,142 bytes, the file
was last updated at midnight on October 25, and the name of this
file is "ls-lR".

Let's get back to the main SURAnet directory contents:

   drwxrwx--x   3 0        0              512 Aug  5 01:55 bin
   drwxr-xr-x   2 0        1              512 May 10 12:47 etc
   drwxrwxrwx   6 0        10             512 Oct 21 11:37 incoming
   drwxr-xr-x   2 0        0             8192 Feb 15  1992 lost+found
   -rw-r--r--   1 0        1           350142 Oct 25 00:00 ls-lR
   drwxrwxr-r  24 0        100            512 May  3 13:25 pub

I want to change this main directory and get into a subdirectory.
To change directories on most FTP clients, you use the command

          cd <directory>

and replace <directory> with the name of the directory that you
want to access.

Since I am interested in public information, I'm going to get
into "pub" directory ("pub" is the standard FTP abbreviation
for "public"). I type

          cd PUB

and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>CWD PUB
   550 PUB: No such file or directory.

Uhhh ... what happened?

One of the unfortunate shortcomings of FTP is that, for most of you,
FTP is *case sensitive*. My "cd PUB" command did not work because
there is no "PUB" directory ... but there *IS* a "pub" directory :)

Let's try it again. I type

          cd pub

and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>CWD pub
   250 CWD command successful.

Cool! It worked!

Now I need to see the contents of this new directory that I just
entered. Do you remember what FTP command I should use? (Hint: it is
"dir")

I type "dir", and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>PORT 130,160,4,100,215,140
   200 PORT command successful.
   >>>LIST
   150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
   Total 56
   -rw-rw-r--   1 1023     100           4052 Apr 22  1994 README
   drwxrwsr-x   2 1023     100            512 Aug  6  1993 SURAnet
   drwxrwxr-x   6 1020     120            512 Mar  3  1992 archie
   drwxrwxr-x   2 1034     120            512 Feb 15  1992 articles
   drwxrwxr-x   2 1007     110            512 Jun 22 15:40 books
   ... <stuff deleted by me>

Whoa! That first file -- README -- looks pretty important. I bet
it contains some important information that will make my life a
whole bunch easier (Good rule of thumb: if you see a file that
contains the words README or INDEX, it is an important file).

I need to get this README file.

To get a file using FTP, you use the

          get filename

command, replacing <filename> with the name of the file that you
want to get. The get command retrieves the file from the remote
site and stores the file on your service provider's system.

Since I want to get the README file, I type

          get README

(making sure to use the correct case), and the following appears
on my screen:

   Invalid local filename; use 'name.type.mode' or 'name.type'

Now what?!?

This is a problem that some of you may have when you try to get
"one word" files. Some local Internet service providers require
files stored on their machines to have some sort of extension or
type. Your can't have a file whose name is just README ... it
has to be README.<type> (i.e. README.DOC, README.TXT, etc).

Since the "get README" command did not work, I'm going to have to
use the

          get <filename> <name I want it saved as>

command, replacing <remote file name> with README, and replacing
<name I want it saved as> with the name that I want the file to
be saved as on my service provider's computer.

So, I type

          get README README.DOC

and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>PORT 130,160,4,100,218,90
   200 PORT command successful.
   >>>RETR README
   150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for README (4502 bytes).

After a few additional seconds, the following is added to my screen:

   226 Transfer complete.
   4637 bytes transferred. Transfer rate 6.14 Kbytes/sec.

YIPEE! It worked!! Let's quit FTP and see what we did.

To quit ftp, you need to use either the "bye" or "quit" commands.

On my client, the command is "quit", so I type

          quit

and the following appears on my screen:

   221 Goodbye.
   Ready; T=0.54/0.96 01:45:53

Okay .. I got the file. But where is it? It is sitting on my
account on my service provider's system!

Depending on your system, it is either easy or hard to get into
the files that get from FTP (in Unix, type "ls"; in VM, type "fl").
Your local Internet service provider can tell you a little more
about how to access, read, and print these files.

Looking at this new file that I just got from FTP, I discover that
the contents of the README file are a brief explanation of what is
in every subdirectory off of the pub directory (cool!):

   The following items are available anonymous ftp from
   ftp.sura.net:

   Directories found under pub:

   archie/          Information on the archie service as well as client
                    software to use archie.

   articles/        Text versions of articles in the SURAnet newsletter.

   books/           Subdirectory containing information on ordering
                    discounted books through SURAnet.

   databases/       The databases in raw format that are also offered
                    through our WAIS server.

   dns/             Software and documentation to help setup the Domain
                    Name Server software on Unix machines (BIND)

   fdic/            The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation's ftp
                    archive.
   ... <<stuff deleted by me>>

NEAT! :)

I want to go back and get one of the articles in the SURAnet newsletter.
Thanks to what I learned from the README file, I now know that the
files that I am looking for are in "pub" directory and in the
"articles" subdirectory.

In FTP notation, I can write this as

          /pub/articles

This means the same thing as saying "in the pub directory, in
the articles subdirectory" and, as you will soon see, this notation
will eventually even save me a few steps.

Let's go back to SURAnet and get some newsletter articles!

I type

          ftp ftp.sura.net

and the following appears on my screen:

   Connecting to ftp.sura.net 128.167.254.179, port 21
   220 nic.sura.net FTP server (Version wu-2.4(1) Fri May 20 10:20:58
   EDT 1994) ready.
   USER (identify yourself to the host):

Since I do not have an account on the SURAnet machine, I type

          anonymous

and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>USER anonymous
   331 Guest login ok, send your complete e-mail address as password.
   Password:

I type my full Internet address -- pcrispe1@ua1vm.ua.edu -- as
my password, and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>PASS ********
   230-    SURAnet ftp server running wuarchive experimental ftpd
   230-
   230-Welcome to the SURAnet ftp server.  If you have any problems with
   230-the server please mail the to systems@sura.net. If you do have problems,
   230-please try using a dash (-) as the first character of your password
   230- -- this will turn off the continuation messages that may be confusing
   230-your ftp client.
   ...
   230 Guest login ok, access restrictions apply.
   Command:

I know that I want to get into the pub directory, and then into
the articles subdirectory. I could type "cd pub" and then "cd articles"
to get into the subdirectory that I want, but it would be easier to
just jump into the "articles" directory with one command.

I can make such a jump using the /pub/articles notation introduced a
few minutes ago. If I type

          cd /pub/articles

I jump straight into the "articles" directory, and the following appears
on my screen:

   >>>CWD /pub/articles
   250 CWD command successful.
   Command:

Since I have no idea what is in the "articles" subdirectory that I
just entered, I type

          dir

and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>PORT 130,160,4,100,222,127
   200 PORT command successful
   >>>LIST
   150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for /bin/ls.
   Total 382
   -rw-rw-r--   1 0      120          1510 Jan  3  1992 editors.box.text
   -rw-rw-r--   1 0      120         46167 Jan  3  1992 fall91.issue
   -rw-rw-r--   1 0      120         52864 Jan  3  1992 spring91.issue
   -rw-rw-r--   1 0      120          1515 Jan  3  1992 sub.form.txt
   -rw-rw-r--   1 0      120         36418 Jan  3  1992 summer91.issue
   -rw-rw-r--   1 0      120         53606 Jan  3  1992 winter90.issue
   226 Transfer complete

COOL! These files already have extensions (winter90.issue, etc.), so
getting them is going to be a breeze!

Let's get the Fall '91 issue. Since I want the file "fall91.issue", I type

          get fall91.issue

and the following appears on my screen:

   >>>PORT 130,160,4,100,224,34
   200 PORT command successful
   >>>RETR fall91.issue
   150 Opening ASCII mode data connection for fall91.issue (46167 bytes).

After a few seconds, the following is added to my screen:

   226 Transfer complete.
   47151 bytes transferred. Transfer rate 16.58 Kbytes/sec.

IT WORKED!!! YAY!!! :)

I then quit FTP by typing either "bye" or "quit", and I am done!
The file "fall91.issue" is now sitting in my account on my
local Internet service provider's machine!!

TOMORROW:

     - ASCII and Binary files
     - getting multiple files
     - file compression and unpacking
     - *FTP using nothing but e-mail*

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


(The weather in Tuscaloosa may get icky tonight, so I am sending
Wednesday's lesson to you a couple of hours earlier than normal)


MAP15: FTPMAIL


     "The whole of science is nothing more than a refinement of
      everyday thinking." -- Albert Einstein, Out of My Later Years


Before we get to FTPmail, there are a few other things that I
want to discuss.

Yesterday I showed you how to retrieve a text file using FTP.
But how can a text file written on an IBM be read on an Apple
Macintosh or on a Unix workstation? Its easy -- thanks to something
called ASCII.

ASCII is the American Standard Code for Information Interchange,
and it is the standard format for transmitting textual data.
*Any* computer can read an ASCII text file. Without going too
in-depth into how ASCII works, let's just say that ASCII ensures
that the text in an ASCII text file will appear the same on any
computer regardless of the computer's brand name or operating
system.

ASCII is fine and dandy for saving and transferring text files,
but it won't work with non-text, data files -- like computer
programs. Data files must be saved in "Binary" (which is just
a bunch of zeros and ones).

Binary files are files that can only run on certain machines
or programs. Good examples of Binary files include shareware
software, Microsoft Word files, Microsoft Powerpoint presentations,
satellite weather images, and sound files.

Remember, ASCII files are just 'plain' text files that can be
read on any computer, and Binary files are files that can only
be run on certain computers or programs.

Unfortunately, there is no universal default transfer mode
for FTP clients. Some clients use ASCII as the default, and
others use binary. This means that unless you tell your FTP
client to do otherwise, all of your files will be transferred
in the default transfer mode.

If your client's default transfer mode is ASCII and you try to
retrieve a Binary file without first resetting the transfer mode,
your Binary file will be transferred in ASCII and the file *WILL
NOT WORK* once you get it.

Fortunately, changing the transfer mode in FTP is easy. All that
most of you have to do to change the FTP transfer mode from ASCII
to Binary is type

          binary

right before you get the file, and the file will be transferred to
you in Binary format.

To change back to ASCII transfer mode, just type

          ascii

and FTP will reset its transfer mode to ASCII.

If you ever forget what transfer mode you are currently using --
something that I do *ALL* of the time -- all you need to do is
type

          status

and your computer will display a whole bunch of information,
including your transfer mode :)

BTW, how can you tell if a file is an ASCII file or a Binary
file? Well, take a look at the extensions (remember, an extension
is the stuff at the end of the file name -- the extension for
CRISPEN.DOC is .DOC; the extension for SQUIRREL.TXT is .TXT).
If the file's extension is .doc or .txt, or if the file does
not have an extension, it is a good bet that the file is an
ASCII text file. If the file has a weird extension -- like .gif
or .zip -- it is a good bet that the file is a Binary file.
There are, of course, always exceptions to this rule.

The "duck theory" also works pretty well in determining if a
file is an ASCII or Binary file. The duck theory says that if
it looks like a duck, waddles like a duck, swims like a duck,
quacks like a duck, and is seen hanging around with other
ducks ... it is probably a duck.

Using the duck theory to determine if a file is an ASCII or
Binary file, you can safely assume that if you have a file that
looks like a ASCII text file and is seen in the same directory
as other ASCII text files, you can safely assume that the file
that you are looking at is, in reality, a DUCK :)

(First squirrels ... now ducks ... this workshop is getting to me)


MULTIPLE FILE TRANSFERS:


How can you transfer multiple files at the same time? Simple! Use
the "mget" (multiple get) command!

Let's say that I want to get every file in a particular directory
with the word "duck" in it. I would type

          mget duck*

The * (a.k.a. "splat") is a "wild card" that tells the client to
get every file that begins with the word "duck" and that has
any additional characters after the word "duck".

The best way to explain wildcards is to give you an example. Let's
pretend that I have a directory with the following files in it:

     duckreport.doc          ducket.exe
     duck1.txt               duck2.txt
     ducksoup                duck.gif

Where I place the wildcard in my mget command will determine
what files I get:

     mget command:         files it would retrieve:

     mget duck*            duckreport.doc; ducket.exe; duck1.txt;
                           duck2.txt; ducksoup; duck.gif
     mget duck*.txt        duck1.txt; duck2.txt
     mget duck.*           duck.gif

Before you continue on, take a minute and try to figure out why
each of the mget commands retrieved different files. If you can
figure it out -- and believe me folks, this is EASY -- you will
be a master of the mget command :)


FTPMAIL:


If your local Internet service provider does not have an FTP
client, you can still get FTP files by using a tool called
FTPmail!

The steps in a basic FTPmail session are pretty easy:

     1. Write an e-mail letter to an FTPmail site near
        you, and put the necessary FTPmail commands
        in the BODY of your letter.
     2. The FTPmail site will write you back and tell you that
        it has received your request, and will tell you the
        number of requests ahead of yours (I still think that
        the number that they give you is just a random, large
        number (but I am probably mistaken)).
     3. A day or two later -- yes, I said "day" -- the FTPmail
        system will e-mail you the file that you requested.
        The FTPmail system will also send you a copy of the
        "transaction" as it occurred between FTPmail and the
        remote FTP site (this transaction will look a lot
        like the examples in yesterday's lesson).

Today, I am going to show you how to get ASCII text files using
FTPmail. We'll talk about Binary files tomorrow.

The first step is finding an FTPmail site near you. FTPmail
was developed at the Digital Western Research Laboratory, and
their FTPmail address -- ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com -- is the most
widely known (and widely used) FTPmail address in the world.
Unfortunately, because of the traffic that this site sees, the
decwrl address is also sometimes the slowest FTPmail site in
the world :(   <--- a frowning smiley

There are other FTPmail servers around the world that may be
closer to you, and that may actually be faster that the decwrl
address:

          Australia      ftpmail@cs.uow.edu.au
          France         ftpmail@grasp.insa-lyon.fr
          Germany        ftpmail@ftp.uni-stuttgart.de
          Great Britain  ftpmail@doc.ic.ac.uk
          Ireland        ftpmail@ieunet.ie
          Sweden         ftpmail@lth.se
          USA            ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu
          USA            ftpmail@ftp.uu.net
          USA            ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com

Once you have found a site closest to you, you are ready to start
sending commands to the FTPmail address! The commands, just like
all of the LISTSERV commands that I drilled into your head earlier
in the workshop, need to be in the BODY of your e-mail letter.

The body of you letter to the FTPmail site will actually have SEVERAL
commands in it. The basic FTPmail commands are, in order:

       reply <your Internet address>
          This tells FTPmail where to send the file(s) to.

       connect <ftp site address>
          This tells FTPmail the site that you want it to
          connect to.

       <transfer mode>
          This tells FTPmail if you want the files in ASCII or
          binary

       chdir <directory>
          This tells FTPmail in which directory the file that we want
          is located.

       get <filename>
          This tells FTPmail to get a specific file.

       quit
          Ends the FTPmail session

Yesterday, we ftp'd to ftp.sura.net, got into the /pub/articles
directory, and got the file fall91.issue

To do this using FTPmail, I need to send an e-mail a letter to
ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu (or to any other FTPmail site), and the
body of my letter would look like this:

          reply pcrispe1@ua1vm.ua.edu
          connect ftp.sura.net
          ascii
          chdir /pub/articles
          get fall91.issue
          quit

NOTE: IF YOU SEND THIS TO AN FTPMAIL SITE WITHOUT CHANGING THE
REPLY-TO ADDRESS, THE FTPMAIL SITE WILL SEND THE FILE TO *ME*,
NOT TO YOU. PLEASE CHANGE THE REPLY-TO ADDRESS :)

A day or two after I send this letter to the FTPmail address,
I should see the file sitting in my e-mail box. Notice that I
said "should." The traffic at the various FTPmail sites is
often incredible, and sometimes requests get lost. If this
happens to you, you should just send your request again :)

By the way, the "dir" command works just as well in FTPmail as
it does in regular FTP! All you have to do is add the command
"dir" after the "chdir" command:

          reply pcrispe1@ua1vm.ua.edu
          connect ftp.sura.net
          ascii
          chdir /pub/articles
          dir
          quit


TOMORROW:  - FTP File Compression/Decompression
           - Binary files via FTPmail
           - A few more FTPmail commands (i.e. chunksize).

HOMEWORK:

     1. If you do not have FTP access through your local
        Internet service provider,

        a. find the address of the nearest FTPmail site
           from the list above
        b. send a letter to that FTPmail site with the word
           HELP in the body of your letter
        c. ask your local Internet service provider if
           they have any size limits on messages to and
           from the Internet.

     2. If you *do* have FTP access through your local Internet
        service provider, make sure that you

        a. know how to access your FTP client
        b. know the commands that your client allows
        c. review MAP13 and MAP14

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP16: FTP FILE COMPRESSION


     "Travel is glamorous only in retrospect." -- Paul Theroux,
      quoted in The Observer


Own a personal computer for any amount of time, and you will quickly
realize that the amount of storage space on your computer is limited.
One way to deal with this problem is to use a compression software
package that "squishes" unused programs into small "boxes", thus
freeing up a little more of your disk space for other programs.

It turns out that storage space problems are not limited solely to
personal computers. As the numbers of files that are available
through ftp increases daily, ftp sites are actively looking
for ways to squeeze more files into a limited amount of space.

The ftp sites accomplish this by using file compression.

The good news is that a compressed file takes up a lot less space
on the ftp site's computer. The bad news is that a compressed file
is absolutely useless until you uncompress it.

Wait ... it gets worse. Before you can uncompress a file, you have
to know what compression method was used to compress the file in
the first place. Unfortunately, there is no one standard ftp file
compression method -- there are HUNDREDS of different file compression
methods in use today :(

If you have to know what compression method was used before you
can uncompress a file, how are you ever going to figure out which
method was used? Well, it is actually pretty easy:

     1. Most ftp directories have a READ.ME file that shows an
        index of all the files that are in that directory. Some
        really nice ftp sites have expanded READ.ME files that
        include a mention about what compression method was used
        and where you can get a free copy of the software needed
        to uncompress the files.

     2. Look at the files' extensions. By looking at the extensions
        and comparing them to the chart below, you will be able to
        determine what compression method was used and what particular
        software is needed to uncompress the file.

Fortunately, most uncompression software is either public domain (meaning
that it is completely free) or shareware (meaning that you can get a copy
of it for free, but the author expects you to send him some money for the
program if you decide to keep it and use it). Best of all, most
uncompression software is available through ftp! :)

The list below shows some of the most popular extensions that you
are bound to encounter during your visits to ftp sites around the
world. It also shows transfer modes needed to retrieve files with
these extensions, what uncompress software package you need to
to uncompress the files after you retrieve them, and it even gives
some additional comments about each of the extensions.

Paraphrasing something I said in MAP01, I want you to be aware
that the one compression method that isn't listed below is going
to be the one compression package that you ADORE. Please do not
take this personally. There are literally HUNDREDS of compression
methods in use today, and there is no way that I can list all
of them.

SUGGESTION: Save the following list, and use it as a reference tool
for when you encounter an extension that you have never seen before :)
Also, please notice that the following list talks about "archie".
Archie is an FTP search tool that we will discuss tomorrow.

-----

(the following list was adapted from "The EFF's Guide to the Internet"
by Patrick Crispen)

FILE           TRANSFER UNCOMPRESS
EXTENSION      MODE     PACKAGE      ADDITIONAL COMMENTS
------------   ------   ----------   -----------------------------------

.txt or .TXT   ASCII                 By itself, this means the file is
                                     a document rather than a program,
                                     and does not need to be uncompressed

.ps or .PS     ASCII                 A PostScript document (in Adobe's
                                     page description language). You can
                                     print this file on any PostScript
                                     capable printer or use a previewer,
                                     like GNU project's GhostScript.

.doc or .DOC   ASCII                 Another common extension for text
                                     documents. (Be careful, though: .doc
                                     and .DOC extensions are also used for
                                     Microsoft Word documents (which are
                                     Binary files). The duck theory will
                                     help you determine the difference)
                                     No decompression is needed, unless it
                                     is followed by:

.Z             Binary   uncompress   This indicates a Unix compression
                                     method. To uncompress type

                                          uncompress filename.Z

                                     and hit enter at your host system's
                                     command line.

                                     u16.zip is an MS-DOS program that
                                     will let you download .Z files and
                                     uncompress them on your own computer.
                                     The Macintosh equivalent program is
                                     called MacCompress (use archie to
                                     find these).

.zip or .ZIP   Binary   PKZip or     This indicates the file has been
                        Zip/Unzip    compressed with a common MS-DOS
                                     compression program, known as PKZIP
                                     (use archie to find PKZIP204.EXE).
                                     Many Unix systems will let you un-ZIP
                                     a file with a program called unzip.

.gz            Binary   gunzip       A Unix version of ZIP. To uncompress,
                                     type

                                          gunzip filename.gz

                                     at your host system's command line.

.zoo or .ZOO   Binary   zoo          A Unix and MS-DOS compression
                                     format. Use a program called zoo
                                     to uncompress.

.shar or .Shar Binary   unshar       Another Unix format. Use unshar
                                     to uncompress.

.tar           Binary   tar          Another Unix format, often used
                                     to compress several related files
                                     into one large file. All Unix
                                     systems will have a program called
                                     tar for "un-tarring" such files.
                                     Often, a "tarred" file will also be
                                     be compressed with the gz method,
                                     so you first have to use uncompress
                                     and then tar.

.sit or .Sit   Binary   StuffIt      A Macintosh format that requires
                                     the StuffIt program.

.ARC           Binary   ARC or       Another MS-DOS format, which
                        ARCE         requires the use of the ARC
                                     or ARCE programs.

.LHZ           Binary   LHARC        Another MS-DOS format; requires
                                     the use of LHARC.

"A few last words of caution: Check the size of a file before you get
it. The Net moves data at phenomenal rates of speed.  But that 500,000-
byte file that gets transferred to your host system in a few seconds
could take more than an hour or two to download to your computer if
you're using a 2400-baud modem.  Your host system may also have limits on
the amount of bytes you can store online at any one time.  Also, although
it is really extremely unlikely you will ever get a file infected with a
virus, if you plan to do much downloading over the Net, you'd be wise to
invest in a good anti-viral program, just in case." (1)


FTPMAIL AND BINARY FILES

Yesterday, I showed you that it is possible to get ftp files
using e-mail by sending an e-mail letter to one of the following
addresses

          Australia      ftpmail@cs.uow.edu.au
          France         ftpmail@grasp.insa-lyon.fr
          Germany        ftpmail@ftp.uni-stuttgart.de
          Great Britain  ftpmail@doc.ic.ac.uk
          Ireland        ftpmail@ieunet.ie
          Sweden         ftpmail@lth.se
          USA            ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu
          USA            ftpmail@ftp.uu.net
          USA            ftpmail@decwrl.dec.com

with the following commands in the body of your e-mail letter

          reply <your Internet address>
          connect <ftp site address>
          <transfer mode>
          chdir <directory>
          get <filename>
          quit

Before I introduce you to the new stuff, there are a couple of
things that I want to review with you.

First, the

          reply <your Internet address>

command tells the FTPmail address where you want the file sent.
If you use the example that I gave you yesterday

          reply pcrispe1@ua1vm.ua.edu
          connect ftp.sura.net
          ascii
          chdir /pub/articles
          get fall91.issue
          quit

without changing the reply address, FTPmail is going to send the
file to *ME*, not to you :)

Please remember to change the reply line to include *YOUR*
Internet e-mail address.

Also, I did not mention this yesterday, but FTPmail limits
you to only one CHDIR command per letter.

Finally, yesterday I asked you to contact you local Internet
service provider to see if they placed any size limits on
file transfers. If they do, there is an additional command
that you need to add to your list of commands

          chunksize <size>

This command will break the files into chunks that your
system can handle. If your system has a 50,000 character
limit on messages from the Internet, your chunksize
command should be

          chunksize 49000

(you want to make sure that you set your chunksize below what
your system's limits are). This command will break your file
into 49,000 character chunks, and will then send the chunks
to you :)

You already now how to retrieve ASCII text files using FTPmail.
Today, I am going to show you how to retrieve Binary files using
FTPmail.

Binary file transfers using FTPmail aren't difficult ... they
just require a few additional steps. Because all e-mail has to
be in ASCII form, FTPmail has to encode your Binary file in
ASCII before it can e-mail the file to you. Once you get the
file, you can then decode the file back into Binary :)

Fortunately, there are two ways that FTPmail can encode Binary
files into ASCII. The first way it can do this is through something
called "uuencode." As long as you have a uudecode program -- and
uudecode programs are all over the place (chances are your site
has uudecode stored on its system) -- the whole process is simple.

The second encoding type that you can use is called "btoa" (binary
to ascii). Your local Internet service provider will be able to
tell you a little more about btoa.

So, to get ASCII files using FTPmail, you would use the following
commands in the body of your letter to the FTPmail address:

          reply <your Internet address>
          connect <ftp site address>
          ascii
          chdir <directory>
          chunksize <size>
          get <filename>

and to get Binary files using FTPmail, you would use the following
commands in the body of your letter to the FTPmail address:

          reply <your Internet address>
          connect <ftp site address>
          <uuencode or btoa>
          chdir <directory>
          <encoding type>
          chunksize <size>
          get <filename>

TOMORROW: - ARCHIE
          - A *HUGE* LIST OF FTP SITES THAT YOU CAN VISIT

HOMEWORK

     Take a break. You've earned it :)


SOURCES

(1) "The EFF's Guide to the Internet", reprinted by permission.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.



--------- Klaus Scheiber -------------------------------------------------------
Brief:    HTBLVA (BULME) Graz-Goesting, Ibererstrasse 15-21, A-8051 Graz
Telefon:  +43-316/6081-0   Telefax: +43-316/684604
InterNet: kscheiber@borg-6.borg-graz.ac.at                  PAN/BTX: 913 110 525
FidoNet:  2:316/3.17       SchulNetz: 22:100/1.105        Telex: 75210859=sber a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


MAP-EXTRA: POP QUIZ #1


     "This is a test of the Emergency Broadband System. This
      is only a test. If this had been an actual emergency,
      your local newsgroups and mailing lists -- in voluntary
      co-operation with state and local officials -- would have
      posted alarmist spams announcing imminent death of the
      Internet. This concludes this test of the Emergency
      Broadband System. Thank you." -- Malinda McCall


DIRECTIONS:

Please read these directions carefully. This quiz has four parts:

     - five multiple guess questions
     - five true/false questions
     - three short answer questions
     - two bonus questions

The answers to this quiz will be e-mailed to you tomorrow. Do not,
repeat DO NOT send your answers to Patrick or to the list. This
quiz is entirely self-graded :)


PART ONE: MULTIPLE GUESS

Please read each paragraph carefully, and then select the response that
best answers the question asked in the paragraph.

     1.   I'm subscribed to the 'squirrel' LISTSERV mailing list
          (SQUIRREL@UA1VM.UA.EDU). I just heard a story about how
          an energetic squirrel once crashed the mainframe at
          Mississippi State University during registration (a
          true story) and I want to share this information with
          everyone on the 'squirrel' mailing list. What address
          should I send my e-mail letter to if I want the letter
          to be distributed to everyone on the "squirrel" list?

               a. LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU
               b. SQUIRREL@UA1VM.UA.EDU
               c. PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
               d. PRESIDENT@WHITEHOUSE.GOV

     2.   I'm looking for a list of all known LISTSERV lists. What
          LISTSERV command should I use to get such a list?

               a. REVIEW GLOBAL
               b. INDEX GLOBAL
               c. LISTS GLOBAL
               d. GET GLOBAL

     3.   Okay, I just got the "list of lists." I found a neat list
          called "navigate" but the list of lists only shows the
          address as NAVIGATE@UBVM. What address should I send my
          subscribe command to?

               a. NAVIGATE@UBVM
               b. NAVIGATE@UBVM.BITNET
               c. LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET
               d. PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU

     4.   I want to subscribe to the alt.abuse.recovery newsgroup.
          I sent a e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU with the
          command SUBSCRIBE ALT.ABUSE.RECOVERY JOE STUDENT, and I got
          back an error message saying that "alt.abuse.recovery" is
          unknown to the LISTSERV. What's going on?

               a. alt.abuse.recovery is full, and LISTSERV can not
                  find any room to add you
               b. alt.abuse.recovery is a Usenet newsgroup; you have
                  to subscribe to the group from a Usenet reader
               c. alt.abuse.recovery does not exist
               d. the squirrels have eaten the alt.abuse.recovery
                  newsgroup.

     5.   How can I unsubscribe from the Roadmap workshop?

               a. send an e-mail letter to ROADMAP@UA1VM.UA.EDU
                  which says UNSUB * in the body of your letter.
               b. send an e-mail letter to PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
                  which says UNSUB * in the body of your letter.
               c. send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU
                  which says UNSUB * in the body of your letter.
               d. bug Patrick until he drops you from the workshop.


PART TWO: TRUE OR FALSE

Read each sentence carefully, and then determine if the sentence is
true or false.

     6.  TRUE OR FALSE     There is nothing wrong with giving my best
                           friend my password.

     7.  TRUE OR FALSE     WRITING IN ALL CAPS IS CONSIDERED TO BE GOOD
                           NETIQUETTE.

     8.  TRUE OR FALSE     The word "squirrel" would be an excellent
                           password.

     9.  TRUE OR FALSE     Letters to a LISTSERV list should be sent to
                           the LISTSERV address.

     10. TRUE OR FALSE     LISTSERV commands should be sent to the list
                           address.


PART THREE: SHORT ANSWER

11.  One of my friends just e-mailed me a chain letter offering me
     good luck so long as I send the chain letter to ten additional
     people. Heck, there are several *hundred* people subscribed to
     each of the Usenet newsgroups and LISTSERV lists. Why can't I
     just forward the chain letter to these groups?








12.  Patrick's dad said "DON'T include the entire contents of a
     previous posting in your reply(s)." Why *can't* I do this?







13.  If someone spams a list that I am on, what should I do? Why
     shouldn't I just send my angry replies to the list?








BONUS QUESTIONS

     14.   How many National Football Championships has the University
           of Alabama's Crimson Tide football team won?

              a. 9
              b. 10
              c. 11
              d. 12

     15.   Patrick Douglas Crispen is:

              a. overworked an underappreciated
              b. a great teacher
              c. a great person
              d. a squirrel

*** DO *NOT* SEND YOUR ANSWERS TO PATRICK CRISPEN OR TO THE LIST. ***
*** THIS QUIZ IS SELF-GRADED, AND THE ANSWERS WILL BE E-MAILED    ***
*** TO YOU TOMORROW.                                              ***

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.



--------- Klaus Scheiber -------------------------------------------------------
Brief:    HTBLVA (BULME) Graz-Goesting, Ibererstrasse 15-21, A-8051 Graz
Telefon:  +43-316/6081-0   Telefax: +43-316/684604
InterNet: kscheiber@borg-6.borg-graz.ac.at                  PAN/BTX: 913 110 525
FidoNet:  2:316/3.17       SchulNetz: 22:100/1.105        Telex: 75210859=sber a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


MAP17: ARCHIE


     "If the hill will not come to Mahomet (sic), Mahomet will
      come to the hill." -- Francis Bacon, Of Boldness


Wouldn't it be great if there was some sort of "search" program
that would look through hundreds of different anonymous ftp
sites and tell us where all of the files that we want are
located?

Well, such a search program exists. It is called "Archie".

Archie is actually a collection of servers. Each of these
servers is responsible for keeping track of file locations
in several different anonymous ftp sites. All of the Archie
servers talk to each other, and they pool their information
into a huge, global database that is periodically updated.

"The Archie catalog subsystem maintains a list of about 1200
Internet anonymous ftp archive sites of approximately 2.5
million unique filenames themselves containing 200 Gigabytes
(that is, 200,000,000,000 bytes) of information. The current
catalog requires about 400 MB of disk storage." (1)

You can search this database for file locations simply by giving
an Archie client or server a keyword to search for.

A few minutes ago I did an Archie search using the keyword
"ROADMAP". Archie sent me back a whole bunch of information
in the following format:

     Host theory.lcs.mit.edu    (18.52.0.92)
     Last updated 06:21 10 Oct 1994

     Location: /pub/areaii
      FILE  -rw-r--r--  159326 bytes  14:52 13 Sep 1994  roadmap.ps

What does all of this tell me? Well, this tells me the address of
the anonymous ftp site is

     theory.lcs.mit.edu

the directory that the file is located in is

     /pub/areaii

and the name of the file is

     roadmap.ps

Archie doesn't retrieve the file for me, but it does tell
me exactly where the file that I am looking for is located.
Once I know the file's location (and its filename), retrieving
the file using ftp is easy!

There are three ways that you can access Archie:

     1. through an Archie client running on your local Internet
        service provider's system,
     2. through a telnet connection directly to an Archie server, or
     3. by sending an e-mail letter directly to an Archie server.

The load on all of the Archie servers is incredible. If your site
has its own Archie client, you should use that client instead of
telnetting or e-mailing to a distant Archie server.

To find out if your site is running its own Archie client, type
the word

          Archie

and see what happens. If you don't get an error message, you can
safely assume that your site has its own Archie client :)

To actually conduct an Archie search using your site's Archie
client, type

          archie <searchterm>

replacing <searchterm> with what you want the client to search
for. For example:

     What you want Archie          What you should
     to search for                 type
     --------------------          ---------------

     files and directories         archie squirrel
     that have the word
     "squirrel" in their
     titles

     files that have the           archie .win32
     extension .win32


ACCESSING ARCHIE BY TELNET

The following are a few of the Archie servers that you can access
using telnet. Please use the username

          archie

to login, and *please* use the server that is closest to you:

          telnet address                  location
          --------------------------      ---------

          archie.au                        Australia
          archie.edvz.uni-linz.ac.at       Austria
          archie.univie.ac.at              Austria
          archie.uqam.ca                   Canada
          archie.cs.mcgill.ca              Canada
          archie.funet.fi                  Finland
          archie.univ-rennes1.fr           France
          archie.th-darmstadt.de           Germany
          archie.ac.il                     Israel
          archie.unipi.it                  Italy
          archie.wide.ad.jp                Japan
          archie.hana.nm.kr                Korea
          archie.sogang.ac.kr              Korea
          archie.uninett.no                Norway
          archie.rediris.es                Spain
          archie.luth.se                   Sweden
          archie.switch.ch                 Switzerland
          archie.ncu.edu.tw                Taiwan
          archie.doc.ic.ac.uk              United Kingdom
          archie.hensa.ac.uk               United Kingdom
          archie.unl.edu                   USA (NE)
          archie.internic.net              USA (NJ)
          archie.rutgers.edu               USA (NJ)
          archie.ans.net                   USA (NY)
          archie.sura.net                  USA (MD)

To start an Archie search using an Archie server that you have
telnetted to, type

          find <searchterm>

replacing <searchterm> with what you want the server to search
for (see example above).

After Archie has finished its search and printed its results
on your screen, you can have Archie e-mail the results to you
by typing

          mail <your Internet address>

replacing <your Internet address> with your full e-mail address.

Finally, to quit your telnet session, type

          quit


ACCESSING ARCHIE BY E-MAIL

To conduct an Archie search via e-mail, send an e-mail letter
to the Archie server closest to you:

          Archie mail address                  location
          --------------------------           ---------

          archie@archie.au                      Australia
          archie@archie.edvz.uni-linz.ac.at     Austria
          archie@archie.univie.ac.at            Austria
          archie@archie.uqam.ca                 Canada
          archie@archie.cs.mcgill.ca            Canada
          archie@archie.funet.fi                Finland
          archie@archie.univ-rennes1.fr         France
          archie@archie.th-darmstadt.de         Germany
          archie@archie.ac.il                   Israel
          archie@archie.unipi.it                Italy
          archie@archie.wide.ad.jp              Japan
          archie@archie.hana.nm.kr              Korea
          archie@archie.sogang.ac.kr            Korea
          archie@archie.uninett.no              Norway
          archie@archie.rediris.es              Spain
          archie@archie.luth.se                 Sweden
          archie@archie.switch.ch               Switzerland
          archie@archie.ncu.edu.tw              Taiwan
          archie@archie.doc.ic.ac.uk            United Kingdom
          archie@archie.hensa.ac.uk             United Kingdom
          archie@archie.unl.edu                 USA (NE)
          archie@archie.internic.net            USA (NJ)
          archie@archie.rutgers.edu             USA (NJ)
          archie@archie.ans.net                 USA (NY)
          archie@archie.sura.net                USA (MD)

and in the body of your letter type

          find <searchterm>
          set mailto <your Internet address>
          quit

replacing <searchterm> with what you want the server to search for,
and replacing <your Internet address> with your e-mail address.

ADDITIONAL ARCHIE COMMANDS

The following Archie commands should work regardless of how you
access Archie:

     help                 Displays a general help screen

     manpage              Displays a *HUGE* manual that tells you
                          everything you could possibly want to know
                          about Archie (including how to limit or
                          expand searches)

     servers              Displays a list of all publicly accessible
                          Archie servers worldwide. The names of the
                          the hosts, their IP addresses and
                          geographical locations are listed.

     whatis <substring>   Searches the Software Description Catalog
                          for the given substring, ignoring case.
                          This catalog consists of names and short
                          descriptions of many software packages,
                          documents (like RFCs and educational
                          material), and data files stored on
                          the Internet.

                               Example:

                                    whatis uucp

                               in part gives as a result:

                               findpath.sh     UUCP Pathfinder
                               logfile-stats   UUCP LOGFILE analyzer
                               mapstats        UUCP map statistics
                                               program.

HOMEWORK:

     If you *REALLY* want to learn more about Archie (and I mean
     *REALLY* want to learn more), try using the "manpage" command
     in the Archie client or server that you are using.

SOURCES:

(1) from the Archie 3.2 manpage, available from any Archie mail or
    telnet site by typing "manpage"

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.



--------- Klaus Scheiber -------------------------------------------------------
Brief:    HTBLVA (BULME) Graz-Goesting, Ibererstrasse 15-21, A-8051 Graz
Telefon:  +43-316/6081-0   Telefax: +43-316/684604
InterNet: kscheiber@borg-6.borg-graz.ac.at                  PAN/BTX: 913 110 525
FidoNet:  2:316/3.17       SchulNetz: 22:100/1.105        Telex: 75210859=sber a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


MAP-EXTRA: POP QUIZ ANSWERS


PART ONE - MULTIPLE GUESS

     1. I'm subscribed to the 'squirrel' LISTSERV mailing list
        (SQUIRREL@UA1VM.UA.EDU). I just heard a story about how
        an energetic squirrel once crashed the mainframe at
        Mississippi State University during registration (a
        true story) and I want to share this information with
        everyone on the 'squirrel' mailing list. What address
        should I send my e-mail letter to if I want the letter
        to be distributed to everyone on the "squirrel" list?

             b. SQUIRREL@UA1VM.UA.EDU

             Letters should be sent to the *list* address


     2. I'm looking for a list of all known LISTSERV lists. What
        LISTSERV command should I use to get such a list?

             c. LISTS GLOBAL

             BTW, you can send the lists global command
             to *any* LISTSERV address ... it is a universal
             LISTSERV command


     3. Okay, I just got the "list of lists." I found a neat list
        called "navigate" but the list of lists only shows the
        address as NAVIGATE@UBVM. What address should I send my
        subscribe command to?

             c. LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET

             This was a tough question. You had to remember
             to convert the LIST@NODE address to LIST@NODE.BITNET.
             You also had to remember that LISTSERV commands
             have to be sent to the LISTSERV address :)


     4. I want to subscribe to the alt.abuse.recovery newsgroup.
        I sent a e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU with the
        command SUBSCRIBE ALT.ABUSE.RECOVERY JOE STUDENT, and I got
        back an error message saying that "alt.abuse.recovery" is
        unknown to the LISTSERV. What's going on?

             b. alt.abuse.recovery is a Usenet newsgroup;
                to subscribe to the group from a Usenet
                reader.

             Remember, if the group's name has periods in it,
             it probably is a Usenet newsgroup.


     5. How can I unsubscribe from the Roadmap workshop?

             c. send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU
                which says UNSUB * in the body of your letter.

             You shouldn't have missed this one. The answer
             has been in my signature for weeks!


PART TWO: TRUE OR FALSE


     6.  FALSE        There is nothing wrong with giving my best
                      friend my password.

                      (Never give your password to ANYONE!)


     7.  FALSE        WRITING IN ALL CAPS IS CONSIDERED TO BE GOOD
                      NETIQUETTE.

                      (Writing in all caps is ANNOYING)


     8.  FALSE        The word "squirrel" would be an excellent
                      password.

                      (Squirrel is in the dictionary. NEVER use
                      a password that is in the dictionary)


     9.  FALSE        Letters to a LISTSERV list should be sent to
                      the LISTSERV address.

                      (Letters should be sent to the *list* address)


     10. FALSE        LISTSERV commands should be sent to the list
                      address.

                      (Commands should be sent to the *LISTSERV*
                      address)


PART THREE: SHORT ANSWER

11.  One of my friends just e-mailed me a chain letter offering me
     good luck so long as I send the chain letter to ten additional
     people. Heck, there are several *hundred* people subscribed to
     each of the Usenet newsgroups and LISTSERV lists. Why can't I
     just forward the chain letter to these groups?

          Chain letters violate the relevant posting rule (and are
          likely to turn you into flame-bait).

          Also -- and this was not covered in the lessons --
          most networks have Acceptable Usage policies that
          strictly prohibit chain letters.

          If someone sends you a chain letter, forward the
          chain letter (along with an angry reply) to that
          person's postmaster.


12.  Patrick's dad said "DON'T include the entire contents of a
     previous posting in your reply(s)." Why *can't* I do this?

          It is rude. When you re-post the entire contents of
          a previous posting, you are forcing the readers to
          re-read something that they have already read.

          The purpose of reposting is to remind everyone what
          was said, not to repeat what was said :)


13.  If someone spams a list that I am on, what should I do? Why
     shouldn't I just send my angry replies to the list?

          Your best bet is to ignore it. If you are really
          angry, reply to the poster at his e-mail address,
          or complain to the poster's site administrator.

          You should not send your replies to the list because
          the spammer is probably not even a member or the list,
          and, if he is, he probably does not care about what
          you think.


BONUS QUESTIONS

     14.   How many National Football Championships has the University
           of Alabama's Crimson Tide football team won?

              d. 12

     15.   Patrick Douglas Crispen is:

              d. a squirrel

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.



--------- Klaus Scheiber -------------------------------------------------------
Brief:    HTBLVA (BULME) Graz-Goesting, Ibererstrasse 15-21, A-8051 Graz
Telefon:  +43-316/6081-0   Telefax: +43-316/684604
InterNet: kscheiber@borg-6.borg-graz.ac.at                  PAN/BTX: 913 110 525
FidoNet:  2:316/3.17       SchulNetz: 22:100/1.105        Telex: 75210859=sber a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


MAP17B: FTP ADDRESSES


     "Men don't stop to ask for directions on the Information
      Superhighway either!" -- anon


As promised, here is a list of Anonymous FTP sites that you can visit.

Most of the listings are of files that you can retrieve. All files
are listed in the following format:

     Address: ftp.sura.net
     Path: /pub/nic/agricultural.list

You should have no problem figuring out what to do with the "Address"
part.

Figuring out the "Path" part isn't difficult, but there is a
trick that you need to remember: everything after the last / is the
file name. DO NOT USE THE FILE NAME IN YOUR CD OR CHDIR COMMANDS!

For example, if the path entry is

     Path: /pub/nic/agricultural.list

your "cd" or "chdir" command should be

     cd /pub/nic

and your "get" command should be

     get agricultural.list

Some listings do not list file names. These listings have a * after
the last /. This means that you are going to have to use the "dir"
command to look around that particular directory for the file(s)
that you want to get.

Some other hints:

     - The README file is your friend. Get it every time you see it!

     - LOOK AROUND! Just because I have told you where a file is,
       that does not mean that that file is the only file that
       you can get. Use the "DIR" command often :)

     - Just because the path address may be /pub/nic/articles,
       that does NOT mean that you have to go straight to that
       directory. You are more than welcome to take the "scenic
       route" to the file (example: type "cd pub", then type
       "dir" to look around the pub directory. When you are done
       in the "pub" directory, type "cd nic", and then type "dir"
       to look around the "nic" directory ...)

     - Sites appear and disappear every second, and files are shifted
       around just as frequently. If you get into a site and can not
       find the file that you are looking for, look in the README
       file for a directory of files. If that fails, get out of
       the site and try an Archie search for the file (using the
       file's name as the searchterm).

     - Remember, with most FTP clients *CASE COUNTS*. Typing
       get AGRICULTURAL.LIST won't work if the file is named
       agricultural.list

     - If you are using FTPmail, you can use the "dir" command
       just as easily as everyone else. Just type "dir" on the
       line following your "chdir" command.

Finally, I want to -- once again -- thank Osborne/McGraw Hill
for giving me permission to quote from "The Internet Yellow
Pages" by Harley Hahn and Rick Stout. The following entries
are verbatim from "The Internet Yellow Pages" (although all of
the typos are mine).


AGRICULTURE

  Not Just Cows

     A guide to agricultural resources on the Net. Written by Wilfred
     Drew, this text directs the reader to many different agricultural
     resources, including BBSs, mailing lists, and other important
     services.

     Address: ftp.sura.net
     Path: /pub/nic/agricultural.list


ART

   Arts Online

     A bibliography of arts-related resources available on the Internet
     and other networks.

     Address: nic.funet.fi
     Path: /pub/doc/library/artbase.txt.Z


ASTRONOMY

  Astro FTP List

     A list with descriptions of FTP sites that contain astronomy and
     space research material.

     Address: ftp.funet.fi
     Path: /pub/astro/general/astroftp.txt


AUTOMOBILES

  Automobile Archives

     Mailing lists, archive and new user guides, consumer automobile
     FAQs, and other material about automobiles, automotive products,
     and laws.

     Address: rtfm.mit.edu
     Path: /pub/usenet/rec.autos.tech

AVIATION

  Airport Codes

     The three-letter identification codes for nearly every airport in
     the world.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Library/Article/Aero/airport.lis

BIOLOGY

  Biological Sciences Conferences

     A large list of mailing lists related to the biological sciences;
     divided into subject areas.

     Address: ksuvxa.kent.edu
     Path: /library/acadlist.file5

BIZARRE

  Tasteless Tales

     Dozens of the best tales from the Usenet group alt.tasteless, divided
     into anecdote, prank, tasteless fact, and art sections.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Library/Fringe/Gross/tasteles.92

BOOKS

  Book Reviews

     Why waste your time and money on an unrewarding book? Read the
     reviews in this newsgroup and find out the real scoop before you
     make a serious commitment. Save your excess time and money for
     unrewarding people. The Usenet newsgroup (alt.books.reviews)
     is for ongoing discussion and current reviews. To ... download
     {previous} reviews {use} Anonymous FTP.

     Address: csn.org
     Path: /pub/alt.books.reviews/*

  Electronic Books at Wiretap

     A huge list of full-length electronic books on the Internet
     Wiretap Gopher and FTP site.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Books/*

CANADA

  Canadian Documents

     The Canada Constitution Act, Canada Meech Lake Accord, Charlottetown
     Constitutional Agreement, excerpts from the Canada Constitution Act
     and proposals for shaping the future of Canada (in both French and
     English).

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Gov/Canada/*

CHEMISTRY

  Chemistry Information

     An electronic reference source that uses library resources to answer
     frequently asked chemistry questions. It covers nomenclature, compound
     identification, properties, structure determination, toxicity, synthesis
     and registry numbers. For each component it lists the most appropriate
     reference resources (online catalog, indexes, journals, etc.).

     Address: ucssun1.sdsu.edu
     Path: /pub/chemras/*

COMPUTERS: LITERATURE

  Guide to PC Downloading

     A guide to downloading Internet files to a PC, using the Procomm or
     Kermit communications programs and protocols.

     Address: nic.funet.fi
     Path: /pub/doc/library/download.txt

COMPUTERS: NETWORKS

  Inter-Network Mail Guide

     A publication by John Chew and Scott Yanoff that documents methods
     for sending mail from one network to another. If you're not sure
     how to e-mail someone at CompuServe, America Online or any of many
     different networks, or how to e-mail someone on CompuServe from
     Prodigy, this document has information and detailed instructions.

     Address: ftp.csd.uwm.edu
     Path: /pub/internetwork-mail-guide

CONSUMER INFORMATION

  Credit Information

     FAQ list detailing everything you need to know about consumer credit.

     Address: rtfm.mit.edu
     Path: /pub/usenet/news.answers/consumer-credit-faq/*

EARTH SCIENCE

  Earth Science Resources

     A list of earth-science-related Internet resources.

     Address: csn.org
     Path: /COGS/internet.resources.earth.sci

EDUCATION

  Educational Listserv Lists

     A guide to mailing lists relating to all aspects of education, arranged
     by subject area.

     Address: nic.umass.edu
     Path: /pub/ednet/educatrs.lst

ENVIRONMENT

  Ozone Depletion

     FAQs discussing the depletion of the ozone layer, including the
     Antarctic ozone hole and ultraviolet radiation.

     Address: rtfm.mit.edu
     Path: /pub/usenet/news.answers/ozone-depletion/*

FOOD AND DRINK

  Assorted Recipes

     Numerous food and drink recipes, including beef jerky, fajitas,
     vegan recipes, the ultimate mixed drink list, and instructions
     for a medieval pig feast.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Library/Article/Food/*

     Address: ftp.uu.net
     Path: /doc/literary/obi/HM.recipes/TheRecipes
     Path: /doc/literary/obi/Recipes
     Path: /doc/literary/obi/Usenet.Cookbook

FREQUENTLY ASKED QUESTION LISTS

  Usenet FAQ List Archive

     It's the middle of the night. An emergency arises that requires you
     read one of the Usenet frequently asked question lists. So you fire
     up your favorite newsreader program only to find that the article
     that you want has expired. Never you mind. Many of the Usenet FAQ
     lists are available from the Usenet archive maintained by Jonathan
     Kamens.

     Address: rtfm.mit.edu
     Path: /pub/usenet/news.answers/*

FUN

  Internet Hunt

     A monthly scavenger hunt for facts and trivia on and about the Net.
     Be the first to submit the correct answers to the questions and
     win fame and notoriety {It worked for me -- I won the May 94 hunt}.
     Participate in the individual category, or work with friends in the
     team category.

     Address: ftp.cic.net
     Path: /pub/internet-hunt/*

GAMES

  All About Games

     Articles, rules, tips, spoilers, reviews, and FAQs for popular games
     and video games

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Library/Media/Games/*

GARDENING

  Gardening Information

     A large collection of material about fertilizers, herbs, peppers, ivy,
     poisonous plants, pruning, roses, seeds, fruit trees, turf grasses, and
     much more. If your thumb doesn't turn green with all this help, give
     it up.

     Address: sunsite.unc.edu
     Path: /pub/academic/agriculture/sustainable_agriculture/recgardens/*

GEOGRAPHY

  CIA World Factbook

     The complete text. Detailed information about every country and
     territory in the world. Includes geographic, climate, economic,
     and political information.

     Address: ucselx.sdsu.edu
     Path: /pub/doc/etext/world.txt.Z

GOVERNMENT

  Internet Sources of Government Information

     Sources of U.S. federal government information compiled by Blake
     Gumprecht.

     Address: ftp.nwnet.net
     Path: /user-docs/government/gumprecht-guide.txt

GOVERNMENT: EXECUTIVE BRANCH

  White House Press Releases

     Press releases and other information about White House characters.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Clinton/*

HISTORICAL DOCUMENTS

  American Historical Documents

     Amendments to the Constitution, Annapolis Convention, Articles of
     Confederation, Bill of Rights, Charlottetown Resolves, the Constitution,
     Continental Constitution Resolves, Japanese and German Surrenders,
     Martin Luther King Jr.'s "I have a Dream" speech, Inaugural addresses,
     the Monroe Doctrine, Rights of Man, treaties and more.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Gov/US-History/*

HUMOR

  Monty Python's Flying Circus

     Collection of all of the popular Monty Python sketches and screenplays,
     including Holy Grail and Life of Brian.

     Address: nic.funet.fi
     Path: /pub/culture/tv+film/series/MontyPython

     Address: ocf.berkeley.edu
     Path: /pub/Library/Monty_Python

INTERNET: HELP

  Jargon File

     Pronunciation, definitions and examples of computer and Internet
     terms, acronyms and abbreviations. Humorous, but informative. This
     file is available via many Anonymous FTP from many sites, one of
     which is listed below. Search for "jargon" with Archie for others.

     Address: world.std.com
     Path: /obi/Nerd.Humor/webster/jargon

INTERNET: RESOURCES

  Anonymous FTP Site List

     A huge list of Anonymous FTP sites on the Internet.

     Address: ftp.shsu.edu
     Path: /pub/ftp-list/sites.Z

LANGUAGE

  Latin Study Guides

     Study Guides to Wheelock's Latin, the most widely used introductory
     Latin textbook in American colleges and universities.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Library/Articles/Language/latin.stu

LIBRARIES

  Accessible Library Catalogs & Databases

     A large document with detailed instructions on how to access the
     computerized library systems of many universities around the world.

     Address: ftp.unt.edu
     Path: /libraries/libraries.txt

LITERATURE: COLLECTIONS

  Project Gutenberg

     Project Gutenberg is planned as a storage- and clearing-house for
     making books available very cheaply. Much of the work, so far, has
     focused on classic literature (for which the copyright has expired).
     They have books by many authors, including Mark Twain, H.G. Wells,
     and F. Scott Fitzgerald. They also have The Bible, The Book of Mormon,
     and The Koran in ASCII format ...

     Address: info.umd.edu
     Path: /info/ReadingRoom/Fiction/*

     Address: mrcnext.cso.uiuc.edu
     Path: /pub/etext/*

     Address: oes.orst.edu
     Path: /pub/data/etext/*

MAGAZINES

  E-Zine List

     A list of electronic magazines available on the Internet.

     Address: netcom.com
     Path: /pub/johnl/zines/e-zine-list

MILITARY

  U.S. Code of Military Justice

     The first 12 chapters of this legal guide for the military.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Gov/UCMJ/*

MUSIC

  Top (and Bottom) 100 Lists

     Various "100" lists, including MTV top 100 videos, top 100 albums,
     and worst 100 singles of the last 25 years.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Library/Music/Lists/*

ORGANIZATIONS

  Electronic Frontier Foundation

     The Electronic Frontier Foundation's purpose is to ensure that the
     new communications technology era is available to everyone, and that
     everyone's ... rights are protected therein. Plenty of legal information,
     EFF publications, and many related articles and zines are available
     here.

     Address: ftp.eff.org
     Path: pub/EFF/*

PHYSICS

  Theoretical Physics Preprint List

     Papers on general relativity and quantum cosmology, and high energy
     physics.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Library/Document/particle.tbl

POLITICS: INTERNATIONAL

  NATO Handbook

     Documents explaining NATO (North Atlantic Treaty Organization) --
     how it works, the future role of the alliance, its organization and
     structure, and other related information.

     Address: ftp.spies.com
     Path: /Gov/NATO-HB/*

PSYCHOLOGY

  Psycoloquy

     A regularly published collection of articles from all areas of
     psychology. This resource is sponsored by the American Psychological
     Association.

     Address: una.hh.lib.umich.edu
     Path: /journals/psyc/*

SCIENCE

  The Scientist

     Online version of current issues of The Scientist, a biweekly tabloid
     newspaper for science professionals.

     Address: ds.internic.net
     Path: /pub/the-scientist/*

SPACE

  Frequently Asked Questions About Space

     Get answers to the most frequently asked questions ... regarding
     NASA, spaceflight, and astrophysics.

     Address: ames.arc.nasa.gov
     Path: /pub/SPACE/FAQ

SOURCES:

All of the entries in this lesson were reprinted from "The Internet
Yellow Pages" by Harley Hahn and Rick Stout, and published by
Osborne/McGraw Hill. Reprinted by permission.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.



--------- Klaus Scheiber -------------------------------------------------------
Brief:    HTBLVA (BULME) Graz-Goesting, Ibererstrasse 15-21, A-8051 Graz
Telefon:  +43-316/6081-0   Telefax: +43-316/684604
InterNet: kscheiber@borg-6.borg-graz.ac.at                  PAN/BTX: 913 110 525
FidoNet:  2:316/3.17       SchulNetz: 22:100/1.105        Telex: 75210859=sber a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


MAP-EXTRA: BACK LESSON ARCHIVE


     "... It will also provide links to international research centers
      where students can find full color pictures of penguins ..."
      -- "Live From Antarctica"


Here is a list of all of the lessons that I have sent out so
far:

          WEEK1
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

          WEEK3
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP08     LESSON    USENET
          MAP09     LESSON    SPAMMING AND URBAN LEGENDS
          MAP10     LESSON    INTERNET SECURITY
          MAP11     LESSON    TELNET (PART ONE)
          MAP12     LESSON    TELNET (PART TWO)

          WEEK4
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP13     LESSON    FTP (PART ONE)
          MAP14     LESSON    FTP (PART TWO)
          MAP15     LESSON    FTPMAIL
          MAP16     LESSON    FTP FILE COMPRESSION
          QUIZ1Q    LESSON    POP QUIZ
          MAP17     LESSON    ARCHIE
          MAP17B    LESSON    FTP SITES
          QUIZ1A    LESSON    POP QUIZ ANSWERS


If you are missing any of these lessons, there are TWO ways
that you can have the lessons sent to you: in individual files,
or in one-week blocks.

If you have a small e-mail box, or if you only want to retrieve
a particular Roadmap workshop lesson (say, for example, a lesson
that you have accidentally thrown away), you can send an e-mail
letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET FILENAME FILETYPE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the words FILENAME
and FILETYPE with the filename and filetype for the particular
lesson that you want to retrieve.

What is a "filename" and "filetype?" Well, look at the following
chart:

          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

The filename appears in the first column, and the filetype appears
in the second column. So, the filename and filetype for the
"WELCOME" message would be MAP01 LESSON, and the filename and
filetype for the "LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS" lesson would
be MAP02 LESSON

That's pretty easy. If you want to retrieve the lesson on LISTSERV
file server commands, you would send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET MAP02 LESSON F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the lesson(s)
that you request!

You can also get the lessons e-mailed to you in one week blocks
simply by sending an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK# PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the # with the week
number of the block that you want to retrieve.

For example, to get all of these "WEEK2" files e-mailed to you

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

all you have to do is send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK2 PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the particular
one-week block of lessons that you request.

I do need to ask you a favor, though. Please only get one week's
lessons at a time. I know that there is a great temptation for you
to get all of the lessons at once, but that will place a great
deal of strain on the University of Alabama's system. The University
of Alabama has been kind enough to store these lessons so that
you can retrieve them -- we need to repay their kindness by
keeping the demand on their system to a minimum.

Oh, and before I forget, here is a list of the lessons that I will
be sending you in the weeks to come:

          M 3/6      MAP18: GOPHER (PART ONE)
          T 3/7      MAP19: GOPHER (PART TWO)
          W 3/8      MAP20: BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS
          R 3/9      MAP21: VERONICA
          F 3/10     MAP22: GOPHERMAIL

          M 3/13     MAP23: WWW (PART ONE)
          T 3/14     MAP24: WWW (PART TWO)
                     POP QUIZ
          W 3/15     MAP25: ADDRESSES SEARCHES AND FINGER
                     MAP-EXTRA: NEAT STUFF TO CHECK OUT
                     MAP-EXTRA: ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET
          R 3/16     MAP26: IRC/MUDs/MOOs AND OTHER "TALKERS"
                     GUEST LECTURE -- RICHARD SMITH
                     POP QUIZ ANSWERS
          F 3/17     MAP27: THE FUTURE ...

Have a GREAT (and safe) weekend :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.



--------- Klaus Scheiber -------------------------------------------------------
Brief:    HTBLVA (BULME) Graz-Goesting, Ibererstrasse 15-21, A-8051 Graz
Telefon:  +43-316/6081-0   Telefax: +43-316/684604
InterNet: kscheiber@borg-6.borg-graz.ac.at                  PAN/BTX: 913 110 525
FidoNet:  2:316/3.17       SchulNetz: 22:100/1.105        Telex: 75210859=sber a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


MAP18: GOPHER (PART ONE)


     "I have found that a great part of the information I have was
      acquired by looking for something and finding something else
      on the way." -- Franklin P. Adams


When I was in elementary school, I was a rather "spirited" child.
I remember constantly asking my teachers why I had to learn long
division when I could just as easily use a calculator to come up
with the answer.

Needless to say, may parents heard from my teachers ... often.

What does this story have to do with this lesson? Well, I am
proud to announce that we have just finished learning the "long
division" of the Internet (FTP).

This week we are going to start using the "calculator" of the
Internet -- a client/server package called "Gopher". (If you have
Level One connectivity, I will show you on Friday how to access
Gopher using nothing but E-mail!!)

Gopher was developed at the University of Minnesota, and it is
a menu-driven application that allows you to hop around the globe
looking for information. Gopher's interconnected menus allow you
to "burrow" deeper and deeper until you find the information that
you are looking for.

Imagine that I decide to gather together all of the information
that I can find about power line-chomping squirrels, and I put
that information into a menu-driven library. Also imagine
that someone else who is interested in the uses of yak fur
creates a menu-driven yak fur library.

If these two menu-driven libraries are interconnected, anyone who
has access to my squirrel library will also have access to the
yak fur library (and vice versa).

Now imagine if THOUSANDS of these specialized libraries were
interconnected. That is what Gopher does, and all of these
interconnected Gopher libraries make up what is called
"Gopherspace."

Think of Gopherspace as being a huge stadium filled with information
on a myriad of different topics. If you have ever been to a major
sporting event, you will remember that your ticket to that event
told you which gate you had to pass through to enter the stadium.

Once you entered the stadium, however, you were free to roam around,
buy a hot dog, and make fun of the opponent's fans. You had access to
EVERYTHING in that stadium, regardless of which gate you entered
through.

Gopherspace is set up the same way. Your "gate" is the client that
you use to enter Gopherspace. Once are in, however, you are free
to roam around and take advantage of everything that is inside the
"stadium".

Why is Gopher so special? Well, unlike Archie which just tells
you where the information that you want can be found, Gopher actually
goes out, GETS the information that you want, and puts the information
on your computer screen! (You could even say that Gopher actually
"goes fer" the information that you want).

A TOUR OF GOPHERSPACE

I'll explain Gopher access and Gopher commands tomorrow. Today, I
want to take you on a little tour of "Gopherspace."

We are going to start our tour at GOPHER.SQUIRREL.COM -- a gopher
site that I have totally made up for this tour. Remember, it
does not matter where you start -- as long as you are in
Gopherspace, you have access to the same information that everyone
else has.

When you access your Gopher client, you will start out in your
client's "root menu". Each root menu is different, but they all
have the same basic stuff.

I am going to be using a UNIX Gopher client for today's tour.
As I said earlier, we'll talk a little more about the commands
tomorrow, but for now I want you to remember two things:

     1. Your site's root menu will be different from my example.

     2. In a UNIX Gopher client menu, the symbols at the end of
        each menu item tell you what that menu item is. The
        following guide will help you decipher the symbols:


             /     gateways to other menu options

             .     text, graphic, or program files

             <?>   requests you can make to a database
                   for information

             <CSO> phonebook requests you can make to
                   a database for information

Also, in a UNIX Gopher client the --> selects which menu item you want
to enter. You move the --> up and down by using the up and down arrows,
and you select the menu item by using the enter key.

With that said, let's begin the tour! Our tour starts on the
GOPHER.SQUIRREL.COM root menu:


                       Root gopher server: gopher.squirrel.com

      --> 1.   Information about the Squirrel Gopher Server.
          2.   What's new in the Squirrel Gopher.
          3.   Network Resources, Services and Information/
          4.   Squirrel Staff Directory <CSO>
          5.   Squirrel Human Resources Information/
          6.   Potpourri, Miscellaneous Topics/
          7.   Local Squirrel Archives/
          8.   Other Gopher and Information Servers around the World/


I move the --> up and down by using the up and down arrows. When I
finally find a menu item that I want to select, I put the -->
next to that menu item and press the enter key.

Since the first menu item -- "Information about the Squirrel Gopher
Server" -- is a file (it has a "." at the end of it), let's see if
we can get into it!

I move the cursor up to "Information about the Squirrel Gopher
Server," press enter, and the following appears on my screen:


               WELCOME TO THE SQUIRREL.COM GOPHER SERVER

     The SQUIRREL.COM gopher was created by Patrick "P-Crispy-One" Crispen
     to serve as a repository for more information about squirrels than
     anyone could ever possibly want to know.

     While you are here, please check out our special Sally Struthers
     menu which contains ...


COOL! Unlike ftp, Gopher allows us to read files before we GET
them! That's going to save us a whole bunch of time! :)

Let's go back to the root menu and start a REAL journey.
I'm going to take you to a site we visited just the other day --
SURAnet!

So I go back to the root menu:


                      Root gopher server: gopher.squirrel.com

          1.   Information about the Squirrel Gopher Server.
          2.   What's new in the Squirrel Gopher.
          3.   Network Resources, Services and Information/
          4.   Squirrel Staff Directory <?>
          5.   Squirrel Human Resources Information/
          6.   Potpourri, Miscellaneous Topics/
          7.   Local Squirrel Archives/
      --> 8.   Other Gopher and Information Servers around the World/


I want to visit other Gopher sites around the world, so I use
the down arrow to move the cursor down to "Other Gopher and
Information Servers around the World", press enter, and watch as
the following appears on my screen:


               Other Gopher and Information Servers around the World

          1.   All the Gopher Servers in the World/
          2.   Search All the Gopher Servers in the World <?>
          3.   Search titles in Gopherspace using veronica/
          4.   Africa/
          5.   Asia/
          6.   Europe/
          7.   International Organizations/
          8.   Middle East/
      --> 9.   North America/
          10.  Pacific/
          11.  Russia/
          12.  South America/
          ... snip snip snip (these are my Internet scissors) ...

WOW! This is COOL!

This menu allows me to access Gophers all over the world! I'm going
to have to remember this.

Let's keep today's tour close to (my) home. I move the cursor down to
"North America", hit enter, and the following appears on my screen:


                                    North America

          1.   Canada/
          2.   Costa Rica/
          3.   Mexico/
      --> 4.   USA/


Well, that certainly narrowed things down a little :)

Let's keep going. I move the cursor down to the "USA" menu, press enter,
and a new menu appears on my screen:


                                          USA

      --> 1.   All/
          2.   General/
          3.   Alabama/
          4.   Alaska/
          5.   Arizona
          ... snip snip snip ...
          51.  West Virginia/
          52.  Wisconsin/
          53.  Wyoming/


Uhh ... 53 entries? Yep -- one for each of the 50 states, one for
Washington, D.C., one for "All", and one for "General".

I feel like an adventure. I move the cursor up to the "All" menu, press
enter, prop my feet up, and wait for the following new menu to appear
on my screen:


                                          All

          1.  1994 California Voter information/
          2.  AACRAO National Office, Washington, DC/
          3.  AATF - American Association of Teachers of French/
          4.  ACADEME THIS WEEK (Chronicle of Higher Education)/
          ... snip snip snip ...
          988. SUNY Office of Library Services
     -->  989. SURAnet NIC/
          990. Safety Information Resources on the InterNet/
          991. Sailor - Maryland's Information Network/
          ... snip snip snip ...

WHOA! SURAnet!!! We've been there!

Let's drop in and see if they missed me. I move the cursor to "SURAnet",
press enter, and the following menu appears on my screen:


                                      SURAnet NIC

          1.   About this Gopher.
          2.   Databases and Network Information/
      --> 3.   FTP gateway link to ftp.sura.net/
          4.   Information about SURAnet/
          5.   Monticello Electronic Library/
          ... snip snip snip ...

This is starting to look familiar.

It turns out that the SURAnet ftp site is also linked to Gopher.
Instead of having to use a whole bunch of weird ftp commands, we can
use Gopher to look around the ftp site!

(Note: not all ftp sites are accessible through Gopher. That is why
I spent all last week teaching you ftp)

Last week we used ftp to get the file fall91.issue from the
SURAnet ftp site. Let's see if we can do the same thing using
Gopher!

I move the cursor down to "FTP gateway link to ftp.sura.net", press
enter, and the following menu appears on my screen:


                          FTP gateway link to ftp.sura.net

          1.   README.
          2.   SURAnet/
          3.   archie/
      --> 4.   articles/
          5.   books/
          ... snip snip snip ...


THIS IS THE DIRECTORY WE GOT THE FIRST TIME WE ENTERED SURANET!!
Is this cool or WHAT?!

I remember that the fall91.issue file is in the articles menu, so
I move the cursor down to "articles", press enter, and the following
menu appears on my screen:


                                       articles

          1.   editors.box.txt.
      --> 2.   fall91.issue.
          3.   spring91.issue.
          4.   sub.form.text.
          5.   summer91.issue.
          6.   winter90.issue.


We're in the home stretch now!

I move the cursor down to fall91.issue, press enter, and the following
appears on my screen:


          ... snip snip snip ...

          On September 11th, SURAnet and MCI completed an agreement
          which will deliver unprecedented benefits to all SURAnet
          members ...


Neat, huh?

We just repeated last week's example, only this time:

     1. We did not have to use any weird commands (all we
        used was the up and down arrows, and the enter key).

     2. We were able to see a directory of every menu we passed through,
        and we never had to type DIR.

     3. We were able to read the fall91.issue file without having
        to GET the file, and without having to leave the Gopher
        program.


Tomorrow, we'll talk about Gopher commands :)

HOMEWORK

     Divide 14,682 by 269 ... by hand (I'm kidding).
     BTW ... I know the answer, so DON'T MAIL IT TO ME :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.



--------- Klaus Scheiber -------------------------------------------------------
Brief:    HTBLVA (BULME) Graz-Goesting, Ibererstrasse 15-21, A-8051 Graz
Telefon:  +43-316/6081-0   Telefax: +43-316/684604
InterNet: kscheiber@borg-6.borg-graz.ac.at                  PAN/BTX: 913 110 525
FidoNet:  2:316/3.17       SchulNetz: 22:100/1.105        Telex: 75210859=sber a
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------


MAP-EXTRA: SUBSCRIPTION TOTALS


A few alert readers have reminded me that I never sent you a final
list of subscribers by country. For this I apologize.

Since I seem to have this uncanny ability to turn even the most
mundane task into a lesson and a humorous story, I don't see any
reason why this situation should be any different :)

First, the lesson:

Back in MAP06, James Milles told us that we can obtain a list of
all of the people who are subscribed to a particular LISTSERV list
by using the

     REVIEW listname F=MAIL

command. James also told us that we could sort the subscriber list by
name or country by using the

     REVIEW listname BY NAME F=MAIL
     -- or --
     REVIEW listname BY COUNTRY F=MAIL

commands. That's simple enough.

Unfortunately, some lists -- this list included -- will not allow you
to review their subscription lists (I don't allow it because I don't
want some salesman stealing my subscription list so that he can spam
you with ads). What can you do?

Well, if a list has closed it's subscription list to review, you will
not be able to get a detailed list of its subscribers. You can still,
however, get a generalized list of its subscribers by adding one additional
word to your review command -- SHORT.

If you use the command

     REVIEW listname SHORT F=MAIL

replacing "listname" with the name of the list you want to review,
the LISTSERV will send you a copy of that list's header, along with
a total subscription count for that list. For example, if you
use the command

     REVIEW ROADMAP SHORT F=MAIL

you will recieve the following:

*
*  ROADMAP WORKSHOP SUBSCRIPTION LIST
*
*  REVIEW= OWNER               SUBSCRIPTION= OPEN
*  SEND= EDITOR                NOTIFY= NO
*  REPLY-TO= SENDER,IGNORE     FILES= NO
*  VALIDATE= NO                STATS= NORMAL,OWNER
*  AUTO-DELETE= YES,FULL-AUTO  NOTEBOOK= YES,E,SEPARATE,OWNER
*  MAIL-VIA= DISTRIBUTE        ACK= YES
*  DEFAULT-OPTIONS= REPRO      CONFIDENTIAL= NO
*  ERRORS-TO= CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU    EXIT= RM1
*
*  OWNER= PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU     (PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN)
*  OWNER= CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU      (ROADMAP ERROR PROCESSOR)
*  EDITOR= PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU    (PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN)
*  EDITOR= CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU     (ROADMAP ERROR PROCESSOR)
*
*
* Total number of "concealed" subscribers:         9
* Total number of users subscribed to the list:17307  (non-"concealed" only)
* Total number of local node users on the list:   14  (non-"concealed" only)
*

Gee ... that's thrilling.

But wait! This actually tells you a whole bunch of things about
the list. Look at the OWNER line. That's my e-mail address, and
the list of the Roadmap error processor.

If you ever need to find the e-mail address of a list's owner,
all you need to do is use the

     REVIEW listname SHORT F=MAIL

command! Neat, huh?

BTW, "concealed" subscribers are those subscribers who used the

     SET listname CONCEAL

command to keep their names hidden when someone reviews the list
(gee, that's kind of moot, isn't it?).

Anyway, getting back to the whole point of this letter, you can
see a breakdown of subscribers by country by using the

     REVIEW listname BY COUNTRY SHORT F=MAIL

command. That's a mouthfull, but a REVIEW ROADMAP BY COUNTRY SHORT
F=MAIL command returns the following to you (and I edited out the
header because we've already seen it):

*
*  Country        Subscribers
*  -------        -----------
*  Argentina              3
*  Australia            331
*  Austria               51
*  Belgium               15
*  Botswana               1
*  Brazil                65
*  Canada              1872
*  Chile                  1
*  China                  1
*  Columbia               6
*  Costa Rica             2
*  Croatia                3
*  Cyprus                 1
*  Czech Republic        32
*  Denmark               30
*  Ecuador                1
*  Egypt                  2
*  Estonia                6
*  Fiji                   2
*  Finland               34
*  France                38
*  Germany              153
*  Great Britain        429
*  Greece                 6
*  Hongkong              12
*  Hungary               80
*  Iceland                4
*  India                  6
*  Ireland               29
*  Israel                60
*  Italy                 38
*  Japan                 33
*  Korea                  2
*  Latvia                 5
*  Lithuania              3
*  Luxembourg             2
*  Malaysia              42
*  Mexico                12
*  Mozambique             1
*  Netherlands          102
*  New Zealand           52
*  Norway                33
*  Phillipines            1
*  Poland                13
*  Portugal              12
*  Romania                7
*  Russia                 1
*  Saint Lucia            1
*  Saudi-Arabia          16
*  Singapore             17
*  Slovakia               4
*  Slovenia               1
*  South Africa          64
*  Soviet Union           4
*  Spain                 18
*  Sweden               100
*  Switzerland           36
*  Taiwan                 2
*  Thailand               4
*  Turkey                 5
*  Ukraine                1
*  Uruguay                4
*  USA                12861
*  Venezuela              9
*  ???                  527
*
* Total number of "concealed" subscribers:         9
* Total number of users subscribed to the list:17309  (non-"concealed" only)
* Total number of countries represented:          65  (non-"concealed" only)
* Total number of local node users on the list:   14  (non-"concealed" only)
*

The total number of countries is not really exact. Our two friends in
Antarctica are counted in Australia's numbers, and I think I remember
reading something about how the people in Kenya are actually listed
in Norway's numbers (yeah ... that makes a LOT of sense).

I'm still not sure who those 527 people from country ??? are. I think
they must be zombies (or tax collectors).

So much for the lesson ... now for the funny story (and you can stop
reading here if you want) :)

An alert reader (whose name I can't for the life of me remember (sorry!))
sent me a story that I thought that our two friends in Antarctica might
enjoy. (I accidentally deleted the story, so I am doing this from memory).

It seems that the Faulkland islands are infested with tens of thousands
of penguins. These penguins pretty much waddle around the beaches all
day, looking for fun things to do.

Argentinian pilots have developed a little game that they play with the
penguins. The pilots fly by the beaches, and all ten thousand penguins
turn their heads in unison to watch the planes fly by. The planes then
turn around, and again all ten thousand penguins turn their heads in
unison and watch the planes fly back the other way. It's sort of like
a slow-motion tennis match.

Then the pilots fly out to sea, turn around, and fly directly over
the penguin colony. The penguins stretch their heads up, up, up
... and all ten thousand penguins gently fall on their backs :)

(You'd never catch a squirrel doing that!)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP-EXTRA: SUBSCRIPTION TOTALS


A few alert readers have reminded me that I never sent you a final
list of subscribers by country. For this I apologize.

Since I seem to have this uncanny ability to turn even the most
mundane task into a lesson and a humorous story, I don't see any
reason why this situation should be any different :)

First, the lesson:

Back in MAP06, James Milles told us that we can obtain a list of
all of the people who are subscribed to a particular LISTSERV list
by using the

     REVIEW listname F=MAIL

command. James also told us that we could sort the subscriber list by
name or country by using the

     REVIEW listname BY NAME F=MAIL
     -- or --
     REVIEW listname BY COUNTRY F=MAIL

commands. That's simple enough.

Unfortunately, some lists -- this list included -- will not allow you
to review their subscription lists (I don't allow it because I don't
want some salesman stealing my subscription list so that he can spam
you with ads). What can you do?

Well, if a list has closed it's subscription list to review, you will
not be able to get a detailed list of its subscribers. You can still,
however, get a generalized list of its subscribers by adding one additional
word to your review command -- SHORT.

If you use the command

     REVIEW listname SHORT F=MAIL

replacing "listname" with the name of the list you want to review,
the LISTSERV will send you a copy of that list's header, along with
a total subscription count for that list. For example, if you
use the command

     REVIEW ROADMAP SHORT F=MAIL

you will recieve the following:

*
*  ROADMAP WORKSHOP SUBSCRIPTION LIST
*
*  REVIEW= OWNER               SUBSCRIPTION= OPEN
*  SEND= EDITOR                NOTIFY= NO
*  REPLY-TO= SENDER,IGNORE     FILES= NO
*  VALIDATE= NO                STATS= NORMAL,OWNER
*  AUTO-DELETE= YES,FULL-AUTO  NOTEBOOK= YES,E,SEPARATE,OWNER
*  MAIL-VIA= DISTRIBUTE        ACK= YES
*  DEFAULT-OPTIONS= REPRO      CONFIDENTIAL= NO
*  ERRORS-TO= CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU    EXIT= RM1
*
*  OWNER= PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU     (PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN)
*  OWNER= CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU      (ROADMAP ERROR PROCESSOR)
*  EDITOR= PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU    (PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN)
*  EDITOR= CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU     (ROADMAP ERROR PROCESSOR)
*
*
* Total number of "concealed" subscribers:         9
* Total number of users subscribed to the list:17307  (non-"concealed" only)
* Total number of local node users on the list:   14  (non-"concealed" only)
*

Gee ... that's thrilling.

But wait! This actually tells you a whole bunch of things about
the list. Look at the OWNER line. That's my e-mail address, and
the list of the Roadmap error processor.

If you ever need to find the e-mail address of a list's owner,
all you need to do is use the

     REVIEW listname SHORT F=MAIL

command! Neat, huh?

BTW, "concealed" subscribers are those subscribers who used the

     SET listname CONCEAL

command to keep their names hidden when someone reviews the list
(gee, that's kind of moot, isn't it?).

Anyway, getting back to the whole point of this letter, you can
see a breakdown of subscribers by country by using the

     REVIEW listname BY COUNTRY SHORT F=MAIL

command. That's a mouthfull, but a REVIEW ROADMAP BY COUNTRY SHORT
F=MAIL command returns the following to you (and I edited out the
header because we've already seen it):

*
*  Country        Subscribers
*  -------        -----------
*  Argentina              3
*  Australia            331
*  Austria               51
*  Belgium               15
*  Botswana               1
*  Brazil                65
*  Canada              1872
*  Chile                  1
*  China                  1
*  Columbia               6
*  Costa Rica             2
*  Croatia                3
*  Cyprus                 1
*  Czech Republic        32
*  Denmark               30
*  Ecuador                1
*  Egypt                  2
*  Estonia                6
*  Fiji                   2
*  Finland               34
*  France                38
*  Germany              153
*  Great Britain        429
*  Greece                 6
*  Hongkong              12
*  Hungary               80
*  Iceland                4
*  India                  6
*  Ireland               29
*  Israel                60
*  Italy                 38
*  Japan                 33
*  Korea                  2
*  Latvia                 5
*  Lithuania              3
*  Luxembourg             2
*  Malaysia              42
*  Mexico                12
*  Mozambique             1
*  Netherlands          102
*  New Zealand           52
*  Norway                33
*  Phillipines            1
*  Poland                13
*  Portugal              12
*  Romania                7
*  Russia                 1
*  Saint Lucia            1
*  Saudi-Arabia          16
*  Singapore             17
*  Slovakia               4
*  Slovenia               1
*  South Africa          64
*  Soviet Union           4
*  Spain                 18
*  Sweden               100
*  Switzerland           36
*  Taiwan                 2
*  Thailand               4
*  Turkey                 5
*  Ukraine                1
*  Uruguay                4
*  USA                12861
*  Venezuela              9
*  ???                  527
*
* Total number of "concealed" subscribers:         9
* Total number of users subscribed to the list:17309  (non-"concealed" only)
* Total number of countries represented:          65  (non-"concealed" only)
* Total number of local node users on the list:   14  (non-"concealed" only)
*

The total number of countries is not really exact. Our two friends in
Antarctica are counted in Australia's numbers, and I think I remember
reading something about how the people in Kenya are actually listed
in Norway's numbers (yeah ... that makes a LOT of sense).

I'm still not sure who those 527 people from country ??? are. I think
they must be zombies (or tax collectors).

So much for the lesson ... now for the funny story (and you can stop
reading here if you want) :)

An alert reader (whose name I can't for the life of me remember (sorry!))
sent me a story that I thought that our two friends in Antarctica might
enjoy. (I accidentally deleted the story, so I am doing this from memory).

It seems that the Faulkland islands are infested with tens of thousands
of penguins. These penguins pretty much waddle around the beaches all
day, looking for fun things to do.

Argentinian pilots have developed a little game that they play with the
penguins. The pilots fly by the beaches, and all ten thousand penguins
turn their heads in unison to watch the planes fly by. The planes then
turn around, and again all ten thousand penguins turn their heads in
unison and watch the planes fly back the other way. It's sort of like
a slow-motion tennis match.

Then the pilots fly out to sea, turn around, and fly directly over
the penguin colony. The penguins stretch their heads up, up, up
... and all ten thousand penguins gently fall on their backs :)

(You'd never catch a squirrel doing that!)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.


MAP20: BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS


     "He that travels much knows much." -- Thomas Fuller, Gnomologia


Once you find a neat Gopher site or menu, how are you ever going to
remember how to get back to it?

Easy! Leave a bookmark.

Bookmarks are "flags" that allow you to mark a neat Gopher menu or file
so that you can return to that menu or file whenever you want. All of
your bookmarks are kept in a "booklist" that acts just like a personal
gopher menu!

Each Gopher client has its own particular Bookmark commands, but they
all work on the same basic principle: you leave a bookmark at a site
that interests you, and you can access that bookmark though a booklist
that acts just like a regular gopher menu.


BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS IN THE UNIX GOPHER CLIENT

If you are using a UNIX Gopher client, there are four basic UNIX bookmark
commands that you need to remember:

     a          Adds the item that the --> is pointing at to your
                booklist.

     A          Adds the current directory that you are in to your
                booklist.

     v          Views your booklist

     d          Deletes a bookmark from your booklist


On Monday, I showed you the fictional "GOPHER.SQUIRREL.COM" root
Gopher server. Let's go back to that Gopher server and look at
how we can start using bookmarks to make our lives a little easier:


                       Root gopher server: gopher.squirrel.com

          1.   Information about the Squirrel Gopher Server.
          2.   What's new in the Squirrel Gopher.
          3.   Network Resources, Services and Information/
          4.   Squirrel Staff Directory <CSO>
          5.   Squirrel Human Resources Information/
          6.   Potpourri, Miscellaneous Topics/
          7.   Local Squirrel Archives/
      --> 8.   Other Gopher and Information Servers around the World/


If I type an upper case "A", I will add this entire menu to my
booklist (under the entry "Root gopher server: gopher.squirrel.com").
If I type a lower case "a", I will add whatever the --> is pointing
at to my booklist.

I'm going to do both.

I type an upper case "A", and the following appears on my screen:


     Name for this bookmark?   Root gopher server: gopher.squirrel.com


I can cancel this, rename this bookmark, or accept this name. I'm going
to accept the name. Once I do this, the bookmark is added to my
booklist.

I also want to add the "Other Gopher and Information Servers around the
World" menu to my booklist, so I move the --> cursor down to that line
and type a lower case "a". I go through the "name" prompt again, and the
entry is then added to my Booklist.

Okay ... I've just added two bookmarks to my booklist. What does
*THAT* mean? Well, if I type the letter "v", the following menu
appears on my screen:


                             Bookmarks

          1.   Root gopher server: gopher.squirrel.com/
      --> 2.   Other Gopher and Information Servers around the World/


COOL! I've just created my own Gopher menu! Best of all, *I* get to
decide what information and sites are going to be on this Gopher menu!

Since these two bookmarks look a little lonely, I think I should add
SURAnet my booklist too. My booklist acts just like any other Gopher
menu, so I move the cursor down to the "Other Gopher and Information
Servers around the world" line, press return, and the following menu
appears on my screen:


               Other Gopher and Information Servers around the World

          1.   All the Gopher Servers in the World/
          2.   Search All the Gopher Servers in the World <?>
          3.   Search titles in Gopherspace using veronica/
          4.   Africa/
          5.   Asia/
          6.   Europe/
          7.   International Organizations/
          8.   Middle East/
      --> 9.   North America/
          10.  Pacific/
          11.  Russia/
          12.  South America/
          ... snip snip snip (these are my Internet scissors) ...

We've seen this before!

I move the cursor down to "North America", press return, and the
following menu appears on my screen:


                                    North America

          1.   Canada/
          2.   Costa Rica/
          3.   Mexico/
      --> 4.   USA/


Since I know that SURAnet is in the U.S., I move the cursor down to
"USA", press return, and the following appears on my screen:


                                          USA

      --> 1.   All/
          2.   General/
          3.   Alabama/
          4.   Alaska/
          5.   Arizona
          ... snip snip snip ...
          51.  West Virginia/
          52.  Wisconsin/
          53.  Wyoming/


I select the "All" menu, and after a little while the following menu
appears on my screen:


                                          All

          1.  1994 California Voter information/
          2.  AACRAO National Office, Washington, DC/
          3.  AATF - American Association of Teachers of French/
          4.  ACADEME THIS WEEK (Chronicle of Higher Education)/
          ... snip snip snip ...
          988. SUNY Office of Library Services
     -->  989. SURAnet NIC/
          990. Safety Information Resources on the InterNet/
          991. Sailor - Maryland's Information Network/
          ... snip snip snip ...


Now I have a choice. I can either move the cursor down to "SURAnet NIC"
and type a lower case "a" to add SURAnet to my booklist, or I can
enter the SURAnet Gopher and type an upper case "A". Either way
will give me the same result.

I'm lazy. I type a lower case "a".

Let's see what my booklist looks like now. I type the letter "v"
and the following menu appears on my screen:


                             Bookmarks

          1.   Root gopher server: gopher.squirrel.com/
          2.   Other Gopher and Information Servers around the World/
      --> 3.   SURAnet NIC/

Now, if I ever need to get to SURAnet, all I will have to do is access
my booklist!


BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS IN THE RICE CMS GOPHER

Despite what UNIX fans may tell you, not everyone in the world has a
UNIX account. Many new Internet users -- especially new users at some
U.S. colleges and universities -- have accounts on IBM VM mainframes
(as a matter of fact, *MY* main account is on a VM mainframe).

The VM Gopher menu is set-up a little differently from the UNIX
Gopher menu:


     Rice CMS Gopher 2.4.0                            GOPHER.SQUIRREL.COM
     1/8
                                  (root menu)
     <document>  Information about the Squirrel Gopher Server
     <document>  What's new in the Squirrel Gopher
     <menu>      Network Resources, Services and Information
     <phonebk>   Squirrel staff directory
     <menu>      Squirrel Human Resources Information
     <menu>      Potpourri, Miscellaneous Topics
     <menu>      Local Squirrel Archives
     <menu>_     Other Gopher Servers

     1= Help      2=          3= Return    4= Print     5= Receive  6= Find
     7= Backward  8= Forward  9= Bookmark 10= Booklist 11=         12= Quit

The VM Gopher has a whole bunch of nifty features. It prints the address
of the Gopher site that you are connected to in the upper-right-hand
corner of the screen (UNIX users have to type "=" to get this information).
It also tells you if a menu item is a file or menu without using any
weird "/" or "." symbols.

One of the drawbacks to the VM Gopher is that there is no bookmark command
equivalent to UNIX's lower case "a" command. The VM Gopher's bookmark
command acts just like UNIX's upper case "A" command, which means that
you have to actually enter a site or menu item if you want to add that
site or menu item to your booklist.

Here is what I mean:


     Rice CMS Gopher 2.4.0                            GOPHER.SQUIRREL.COM
     1/8
                                  (root menu)
     <document>  Information about the Squirrel Gopher Server
     <document>  What's new in the Squirrel Gopher
     <menu>      Network Resources, Services and Information
     <phonebk>   Squirrel staff directory
     <menu>      Squirrel Human Resources Information
     <menu>      Potpourri, Miscellaneous Topics
     <menu>      Local Squirrel Archives
     <menu>_     Other Gopher Servers

     1= Help      2=          3= Return    4= Print     5= Receive  6= Find
     7= Backward  8= Forward  9= Bookmark 10= Booklist 11=         12= Quit

To add this root menu to my booklist, all I have to do is press the PF9
PF9 key (I won't be able to rename the bookmark entry, though).

However, if I want to add the "Other Gopher Servers" menu to my
booklist, I have to first enter the "Other Gopher Servers" menu
(by moving the _ cursor down to the "Other Gopher Servers" line
and pressing enter), and THEN press PF9.

After I have done this, I can view my new booklist by typing PF10:

     Rice CMS Gopher 2.4.0
     1/8

     <menu>      (root menu)
     <menu>_     Other Gopher Servers

     1= Help      2=          3= Return    4= Print     5= Load     6= Find
     7= Backward  8= Forward  9= Delete   10= Refresh  11=         12= Quit


Notice that once I enter my booklist, three things happen:

     1. The address in the upper-right-hand corner disappears
        (my booklist is a personal Gopher menu that does not
        have an address) :)

     2. PF9 changes from "Bookmark" to "Delete". If I ever
        need to a delete a bookmark, I'll have to enter
        my Booklist, move the _ cursor to the entry that
        I want to delete, and then press PF9.

     3. PF10 changes from "Booklist" to "Refresh". After I have
        deleted an entry from my Booklist, I can refresh my
        Booklist screen by pressing PF10.


HOMEWORK

     1. Play!

     2. Add some sites to your booklist.

     3. Get ready for another pop-quiz ... and this one WON'T be
        multiple choice >:)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP21: VERONICA


          "One must learn by doing the thing; though you think
           you know it, you have no certainty until you try."
           -- Publilius Syrus, Moral Sayings


Bouncing around Gopherspace, finding neat files and leaving bookmarks,
is fun for a while. Soon, however, you are going to want to find a
way to locate stuff in Gopherspace a little more quickly.

That's where Veronica comes in. Veronica -- Very Easy, Rodent-Oriented,
Net-Wide Index to Computerized Archives -- is a search tool that allows
you to quickly scan Gopherspace for particular files and directories.
("Rodent-Oriented?" Yep -- a gopher is a rodent (and so is a SQUIRREL!)).

Veronica is a program that you access through Gopher. Veronica asks
you to enter a keyword, and it then searches through a database
of over 5,500 Gopher servers and over 10 million Gopher "items"
for files and directories whose titles contain your keyword.

What makes Veronica REALLY amazing is that it not only finds these
files and directories, it also *GETS* all of these files and directories
and places them on a temporary Gopher menu that you can browse through!
This temporary menu works just like any other Gopher menu!

Let's take a look at a basic Veronica search. I access my site's
Gopher client by typing "gopher" on the command line, and the following
menu appears on my screen:


     Rice CMS Gopher 2.4.0                            GOPHER.SQUIRREL.COM
     1/8
                                  (root menu)
     <document>  Information about the Squirrel Gopher Server
     <document>  What's new in the Squirrel Gopher
     <menu>      Network Resources, Services and Information
     <phonebk>   Squirrel staff directory
     <menu>      Squirrel Human Resources Information
     <menu>      Potpourri, Miscellaneous Topics
     <menu>      Local Squirrel Archives
     <menu>      Other Gopher Servers
     <menu>_     Search all of Gopherspace using Veronica - 4800+ servers


Since I used the UNIX Gopher client the first two days of this week, I
figured it was only fair to use the VM Gopher client for two days as
well :)

I move the cursor down to the "Search Gopherspace using Veronica"
menu line, press enter, and the following menu appears on my screen:


     Rice CMS Gopher 2.4.0                                gopher.tc.umn.edu
     1/10
                  Search all of Gopherspace using Veronica - 4800+ servers
     <menu>      About Veronica:  Documents, Software, Index-Control Protocol
     <menu>      Experimental Veronica Query Interface: Chooses Server for You!
     <search>    Find ONLY DIRECTORIES by Title word(s) (via SUNET)
     <search>    Find ONLY DIRECTORIES by Title word(s) (via U of Manitoba)
     <search>_   Find ONLY DIRECTORIES by Title word(s) (via U T Dallas)
     <document>  Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ) about veronica - July 29,1994
     <document>  How to Compose Veronica Queries - June 23, 1994
     <search>    Search Gopherspace by Title word(s) (via SUNET)
     <search>    Search Gopherspace by Title word(s) (via U of Manitoba)
     <search>    Search Gopherspace by Title word(s) (via U T Dallas)


Notice that not only do I get to choose which Veronica program site
I want to conduct my search through, I also get to choose between
two types of searches:

     1. "Search Gopherspace by Title word(s)" which will show me EVERY FILE
        AND DIRECTORY in Gopherspace whose title contains my keyword, or

     2. "Find ONLY DIRECTORIES by Title word(s)" which will show me ONLY
        THE DIRECTORIES (a.k.a. menus) in Gopherspace whose titles contain
        my keyword.

Obviously, the return from an "ONLY DIRECTORIES" search will be much smaller
than that from a "Search Gopherspace" search. If you are using a common
word as your keyword (such as "Internet", "Gopher", "Economics", etc.),
your best bet is to do an "ONLY DIRECTORIES" search to keep from being
flooded with returns :)

I want to do a search of every Gopher directory on the planet that
has the word "Roadmap" in it.

The choice of which site I conduct my search through is completely up
to me. There should not be a difference between the sites and the results
that I will get (notice I said *should* not), so I can pick any site that
I want. Since my former best friend used to live in Dallas, I move the
cursor down to the "Find ONLY DIRECTORIES by Title word(s) (via U T
Dallas)" search entry, press enter, and the following appears on my
screen:

          Enter keyword(s):

The keyword I want Veronica to look for is "Roadmap," so I type

          Roadmap

press enter, prop my feet up on the desk, and wait for something to
appear on my screen.

Eventually, the following menu appears on my screen:


     Rice CMS Gopher 2.4.0                         veronica.utdallas.edu
     1/8
                   Find ONLY DIRECTORIES by Title Word(s)
     <menu>      Roadmap & Guide to Finding Information
     <menu>      Roadmap to Institutional Data
     <menu>_     ROADMAP
     <menu>      Roadmap to Risk (Graphics Files -- pict format)
     <menu>      Roadmap to Risk (ASCII)
     <menu>      Roadmap to Human Resources


COOL! Although each of these menus are located on different servers
around the world, I can access them ALL from this menu (although
further investigation shows that NONE of these menus have anything
to do with this workshop <<pout>>).

Isn't Veronica NEAT?? There are a few more Veronica commands that you
can use, but I'll let you discover them in tonight's homework :)


ACCESSING VERONICA

If you wander around Gopherspace enough, you are bound to find a
site with a link to Veronica. Chances are, your site even has
its own Veronica link!

I would strongly recommend finding a Veronica menu somewhere and
planting a bookmark there. You will find that Veronica is an
ESSENTIAL Internet tool, and not having Veronica in your booklist
is going to be a BIG mistake.

You can find Veronica menus on most of the Gopher sites that you
can telnet to (see the list of telnet Gopher sites in MAP19),
and you can also access the Veronica menu through the University of
Minnesota's Gopher server (gopher.micro.umn.edu 70).


PERSONAL OBSERVATIONS

I have personally had some problems with Veronica. I'm not sure if
I am the only one who has had these problems, or if these problems
are universal -- it is quite possible that I am living in a Veronica
"black hole" and Veronica works perfectly well everywhere else but
Alabama.

It is my personal experience that Veronica is so over-burdened that
your chances of getting the Veronica program to accept your keyword
on the first (or even the fifth) try are pretty slim. More likely
than not, you are going to get a

       *** Too many connections - Try again soon. ***

message. This can become very frustrating very quickly.

Other times, you will encounter the now-famous

       Empty menu; no items selected or nothing available

error message that we discussed the other day. This is also frustrating,
especially when you have to retype your keyword every time this error
appears on your screen.

The final error that I seem to encounter a lot in Veronica is the one
that tells me that Veronica has found nothing matching my keyword.
Unfortunately, experience has shown me that this may or may not be accurate.

There are a couple of things that you have to remember when using
Veronica:

          - Veronica is *incredibly* overloaded
          - If a Veronica keyword search does not work the first
            time, keep trying
          - When Veronica works, it is a thing of beauty
          - When Veronica doesn't work, it gives you error messages
            that may or may not be accurate
          - If you get an error message, try your keyword again
          - The most important ingredient in any Veronica search
            is *PATIENCE*

While I was writing this lesson, I was also attempting a Veronica
search using the keyword "Crispen". After 32 attempts, I still have
not been able to get Veronica to accept this keyword without giving
me an error message :(


HOMEWORK:

     1.  Play around with Veronica :)

     2.  Find the "Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ) about Veronica"
         and the "How to Compose Veronica Queries" documents and
         read them. These documents can be found in most Veronica
         menus. You can also find them in the "Search all of
         Gopherspace Using Veronica" menu on the University of
         Minnesota's Gopher server.


SOURCES:

     HOW TO COMPOSE VERONICA QUERIES - June 23, 1994: Steven Foster

     Frequently-Asked Questions (FAQ) about Veronica - July 23, 1994:
     Steven Foster and Fred Barrie .

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP22: GOPHERMAIL


     "(T)he International Standards Organization (ISO) and the
      International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) designated
      Oct. 14 as World Standards Day to recognize those volunteers
      who have worked hard to define international standards ....
      The United States celebrated World Standards Day on Oct. 11;
      Finland celebrated on Oct. 13; and Italy celebrated on Oct. 18"
      -- Open Systems Today, 10/31/94


One of the most frustrating experiences in the world is being told that
you can't do something. For those of you who only have "Level One"
Internet connectivity, this week must have been especially trying.

Fortunately, thanks to a server program called GopherMail, those of
you with Level One connectivity can now access all of the neat Gopher
sites we talked about this week using nothing but a simple e-mail letter

There are really just four basic steps to using GopherMail:

     1. You send an e-mail letter to a GopherMail server. In your letter
        to the GopherMail server, it really does not matter what you
        put in the subject line or the body of your letter, so long
        as you don't use the word "help" ("help" tells the GopherMail
        server to send you its help file).

     2. GopherMail responds to your letter by sending you its main
        Gopher menu in the body of an e-mail letter.

     3. You respond to this Gopher menu letter by forwarding it back to
        the GopherMail server after you have cleaned the letter up a
        little and marked which menu options you want the GopherMail
        server to send you.

     4. GopherMail responds to your response by sending the information
        that you requested. If what you have requested is another menu,
        GopherMail sends you the menu in the body of another e-mail
        letter, and the cycle keeps repeating itself :)


GopherMail sites are incredibly dynamic -- they appear and disappear
every second -- so any list of GopherMail sites is immediately outdated.
Nonetheless, here are the addresses of a few of the GopherMail servers
that were working recently (1):


     E-mail Address                            Location
     -----------------------------------       ---------------

     gophermail@calvin.edu                     Michigan (US)
     gopher@ucmp1.berkeley.edu                 California (US)
     gophermail@mercury.forestry.umn.edu       Minnesota (US)
     gopher@pip.shsu.edu                       Texas (US)
     gophermail@eunet.cz                       Czech Republic
     gopher@earn.net                           France
     gopher@ftp.technion.ac.il                 Israel
     gopher@solaris.ims.ac.jp                  Japan
     gopher@nig.ac.jp                          Japan
     gopher@nips.ac.jp                         Japan
     gopher@join.ad.jp                         Japan
     gomail@ncc.go.jp                          Japan
     gopher@dsv.su.se                          Sweden


Let's try one of these addresses and see what happens!

To keep Net traffic to a minimum, you should always use the server that
is closest to you. Since Texas is closer to Alabama than any of the
other locations, I am going to use the gopher@pip.shsu.edu address.

I send an e-mail letter to

     gopher@pip.shsu.edu

and leave the subject line and body blank (remember, it does not matter
what I put in body or the subject line, so why waste the effort?).

It may take the GopherMail server several hours to respond to my letter --
just like every other Internet server, GopherMail is almost always
incredibly overburdened -- but eventually I will receive the following
e-mail letter from the GopherMail server:


     Date: Fri, 7 Oct 1994 02:59:04 -0600
     From: gopher@pip.shsu.edu
     To: PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
     Subject: Sam Houston State University Gopher Server
     X-Menu: Max. 100 items/message

     Mail this file back to gopher with an X before the menu items that you
     want. If you don't mark any items, gopher will send all of them.
     For best results, remove this message and all e-mail headers above it
     prior to returning it to the GopherMail server.


           1.  Sam Houston State University Information/
           2.  Current Time and Weather in Huntsville, Texas, USA.
           3.  Daily Almanac (from UChicago).
           4.  Economics (SHSU Network Access Initiative Project)/
           5.  Information by Subject Area/
           6.  DEU Library Prototype Demonstration Area/
           7.  Network-based Information and References/
           8.  Other Gopher and Information Servers in the World/
           9.  TeX-related Materials/
           10. Literate Programming Library/
           11. VMS Gopher-related file library/
           12. Veronica (search menu items in most of GopherSpace)/
           13. Professional Sports Schedules from culine.Colorado.edu/
           14. anonymous ftp archives on Niord.SHSU.edu/
           15. anonymous ftp archives on ftp.shsu.edu/
           16.
           17. GopherMail -- Gopher via Electronic Mail!!.


COOLNESS!!

This is a *real* Gopher menu. Just like the UNIX Gopher server examples
we looked at earlier this week, entries that have "/" at the end of
them are menus, and entries that have a "." at the end of them are
documents.

The only difference between this Gopher menu and one that I access
through a Gopher client or through Telnet is that I have to send my
responses back to the GopherMail server before my responses can be
processed.

Notice that the letter tells me to "remove this message and all e-mail
headers above it prior to returning it to the GopherMail server." If
I don't do this, I run the chance of getting an error message from
the GopherMail server when I forward the letter back to the server.

(In MAP04: E-MAIL, I asked you to contact your local Internet service
provider to learn how to "include text in a reply (and how to edit
this text)." You *NEED* to know how to do this if you want to use
GopherMail).

Before I send the letter back to the GopherMail server, I need
to mark which menu item(s) I want to select. To do this, I put
an "X" next to the menu item(s) that I want the GopherMail server
to send back to me:


           1.  Sam Houston State University Information/
           2.  Current Time and Weather in Huntsville, Texas, USA.
           3.  Daily Almanac (from UChicago).
           4.  Economics (SHSU Network Access Initiative Project)/
           5.  Information by Subject Area/
           6.  DEU Library Prototype Demonstration Area/
           7.  Network-based Information and References/
        X  8.  Other Gopher and Information Servers in the World/
           9.  TeX-related Materials/
           10. Literate Programming Library/
           11. VMS Gopher-related file library/
           12. Veronica (search menu items in most of GopherSpace)/
           13. Professional Sports Schedules from culine.Colorado.edu/
           14. anonymous ftp archives on Niord.SHSU.edu/
           15. anonymous ftp archives on ftp.shsu.edu/
           16.
           17. GopherMail -- Gopher via Electronic Mail!!.


Hopefully, this will send me a menu that looks like the "Other
Gopher Servers" menu that we used earlier this week.

I mail the menu back to the GopherMail server. Eventually, I get the
following reply:


     Date: Fri, 7 Oct 1994 03:18:03 -0600
     From: gopher@pip.shsu.edu
     To: PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
     Subject: Other Gopher and Information Servers in the World
     X-Menu: Max. 100 items/message

     Mail this file back to gopher with an X before the menu items that you
     want. If you don't mark any items, gopher will send all of them.
     For best results, remove this message and all e-mail headers above it
     to returning it to the GopherMail server.


           1.  All the Gopher Servers in the World/
           2.  Search All the Gopher Servers in the World <?> (Send keywords in
               Subject:)
           3.  Search titles in Gopherspace using veronica/
           4.  Africa/
           5.  Asia/
           6.  Europe/
           7.  International Organizations/
           8.  Middle East/
           9.  North America/
           10. Pacific/
           11. Russia/
           12. South America/
           13. Terminal Based Information/
           14. Texas-based Gopher Servers/
           15. VMS-based Gopher Servers/
           16. WAIS Based Information/
           17. Gopher Server Registration.


YIPPEE!! This menu *IS* like the menu that we used earlier this
week!! SURAnet, here I come ...

Nah ... I wouldn't do that to you again :)

One last thing, and I will send you home for the weekend: to do a
Veronica or a Phonebook search using GopherMail, put the keyword
in the subject line of the letter that you send back to the
GopherMail server.


HOMEWORK:

     -  Have a great weekend!

     -  I've decided to be kind and move the pop quiz to next week.
        You may want to review FTP and Gopher just to be on the
        safe side, though.

     -  If you do NOT have regular Gopher access through a client
        or through Telnet, play around with GopherMail. You may
        want to get the help document too by putting the word
        "help" in the body of your initial letter to the GopherMail
        server.

SOURCES:

     (1) from Yanoff's List (10/15/94), Veronica searches with the
         keyword "GopherMail", and letters posted to NETTRAIN by
         Glee Willis and Thomas Copley

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: BACK LESSON ARCHIVE


Can you believe that we have been at this for over a MONTH?
Gee, and there is only one week left :(

Here is a list of all of the lessons that I have sent out so
far:

          WEEK1
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

          WEEK3
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP08     LESSON    USENET
          MAP09     LESSON    SPAMMING AND URBAN LEGENDS
          MAP10     LESSON    INTERNET SECURITY
          MAP11     LESSON    TELNET (PART ONE)
          MAP12     LESSON    TELNET (PART TWO)

          WEEK4
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP13     LESSON    FTP (PART ONE)
          MAP14     LESSON    FTP (PART TWO)
          MAP15     LESSON    FTPMAIL
          MAP16     LESSON    FTP FILE COMPRESSION
          QUIZ1Q    LESSON    POP QUIZ
          MAP17     LESSON    ARCHIE
          MAP17B    LESSON    FTP SITES
          QUIZ1A    LESSON    POP QUIZ ANSWERS

          WEEK5
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP18     LESSON    GOPHER (PART ONE)
          MAP19     LESSON    GOPHER (PART TWO)
          MAP20     LESSON    BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS
          MAP21     LESSON    VERONICA
          MAP22     LESSON    MAP22: GOPHERMAIL

If you are missing any of these lessons, there are TWO ways
that you can have the lessons sent to you: in individual files,
or in one-week blocks.

If you have a small e-mail box, or if you only want to retrieve
a particular Roadmap workshop lesson (say, for example, a lesson
that you have accidentally thrown away), you can send an e-mail
letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET FILENAME FILETYPE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the words FILENAME
and FILETYPE with the filename and filetype for the particular
lesson that you want to retrieve.

What is a "filename" and "filetype?" Well, look at the following
chart:

          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

The filename appears in the first column, and the filetype appears
in the second column. So, the filename and filetype for the
"WELCOME" message would be MAP01 LESSON, and the filename and
filetype for the "LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS" lesson would
be MAP02 LESSON

That's pretty easy. If you want to retrieve the lesson on LISTSERV
file server commands, you would send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET MAP02 LESSON F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the lesson(s)
that you request!

You can also get the lessons e-mailed to you in one week blocks
simply by sending an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK# PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the # with the week
number of the block that you want to retrieve.

For example, to get all of these "WEEK2" files e-mailed to you

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

all you have to do is send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK2 PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the particular
one-week block of lessons that you request.

I do need to ask you a favor, though. Please only get one week's
lessons at a time. I know that there is a great temptation for you
to get all of the lessons at once, but that will place a great
deal of strain on the University of Alabama's system. The University
of Alabama has been kind enough to store these lessons so that
you can retrieve them -- we need to repay their kindness by
keeping the demand on their system to a minimum.

Oh, and before I forget, here is a list of the lessons that I will
be sending you next week:

          M 3/13     MAP23: WWW (PART ONE)
          T 3/14     MAP24: WWW (PART TWO)
                     POP QUIZ
          W 3/15     MAP25: ADDRESSES SEARCHES AND FINGER
                     MAP-EXTRA: NEAT STUFF TO CHECK OUT
                     MAP-EXTRA: ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET
          R 3/16     MAP26: IRC/MUDs/MOOs AND OTHER "TALKERS"
                     GUEST LECTURE -- RICHARD SMITH
                     POP QUIZ ANSWERS
          F 3/17     MAP27: THE FUTURE ...

Have a GREAT (and safe) weekend :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP23: WWW


               "Ah! the clock is always slow;
                It is later than you think."
                -- Robert W. Service, It is Later Than You Think


I wish I had six weeks just to talk about the World Wide Web (a.k.a.
WWW or "the Web."). If you think Gopher is neat, wait until you start
playing around on the Web :)

Unfortunately, I *don't* have six weeks to talk about the Web -- I only
have two days. Because of this, we are going to go through the Web like
Sherman went through Georgia (1).

That's the bad news. The good news is that there are a lot of REALLY good
Web guides available, and I am even seriously considering developing my own
Web workshop that I will offer *late* this year (2).

Until that time comes, however, let's talk about the BASICS of the Web.

Last week I showed you how most Gopher menus are linked together. We
started out in the gopher.squirrel.com root menu, and eventually ended
up at the SURAnet gopher menu. We were able to do this because the
menus that we travelled through had links to menus and files that were
located at other Gopher sites.

Because Gopher menus are linked together, a whole world of information
is available to us with just a few keystrokes!

Imagine if we were able to take these links one step further. Instead
of linking menus, we could link *DOCUMENTS* together. You could read
one document, find a keyword in that document that really interests
you, touch that keyword, and automatically be taken to a NEW document
somewhere else in the world -- and this new document could even have
links to OTHER documents around the world, and so on.

Sound too good to be true? It isn't, thanks to something called
"hypertext." If you have ever played with Apple's Hypercard program
or the "help" menus in the latest Microsoft packages, you have already
experienced hypertext. You "select" a highlighted word -- usually by
clicking on it with a mouse -- and you are taken into an entirely
new document or help screen.

The World Wide Web is based on hypertext. It is possible for you to
go roaming around the Web, bouncing from document to document, using
nothing but the links in those documents!

Just as you can access Gopherspace through a Gopher server or client,
you can access the Web through something called a "browser." A browser
can read documents, fetch documents, access files by FTP, read Usenet
newsgroups, telnet into remote sites, and even travel around Gopherspace.
In short, everything that we have talked about over the past three weeks
can be done using nothing but a Web browser!

The Web is able to accomplish all of this thanks to something called
URLs ("earls") -- Universal Resource Locators. URLs list the exact
location of *ANY* Internet resource.

If you think about it, giving every Internet resource a unique
address is the hard part. Once you have given something an address,
linking to it is pretty easy :)

What is really special about the Web is that the Web does all of this
"behind the scenes." It is possible for you to bounce from one link to
another without ever knowing the exact address of where you are, or
even how you got there.

If you ever want to jump *directly* to a particular Internet resource,
however, you are going to need to know a little bit more about URLs.
Here are a few basic URLs:

     file://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors/msdos/graphics/gifkit.zip
     ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors
     http://info.cern.ch:80/default.html
     news:alt.hypertext
     telnet://dra.com

Gee ... those look a little like FTP addresses, don't they?

The first part of an URL -- the stuff before the colon -- tells the
browser how to access that particular file. For example, to access

     ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors

your browser would use FTP.

Most of the access methods are pretty straight-forward. Here is a list
of some of the more common access methods that you are going to see
listed in the first part of URLs:

          method        what it stands for
          ------        ---------------------------------------

          ftp           File Transfer Protocol
          file          File Transfer Protocol (same as ftp)
          news          Internet News Protocol (Usenet)
          gopher        Gopher
          telnet        Telnet
          http          Hypertext Transport Protocol


We've used all of these before, except for http. If you ever see a
URL with http at the beginning of it, that means that the file is
a hypertext document (with hypertext links to other documents).

The rest of a URL -- the stuff after the colon -- is the address of
that particular file. In general, two slashes (//) after the colon
indicates a machine name or address.

For example,

     file://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors/msdos/graphics/gifkit.zip

is the URL for an FTP file at wuarchive.wustl.edu, and

     http://info.cern.ch:80/default.html

is the URL for a hypertext document at info.cern.ch, port 80.


TOMORROW:   - How to access the Web by telnet
            - Where you can obtain a Web browser (for those of you
              with Level 3 connectivity and a SLIP or PPP connection)
            - Doing some simple searches using the Web
            - The difference between the Web and Mosaic (Mosaic is
              just a browser that lets you access the Web).

HOMEWORK:

     If you are planning on becoming a SERIOUS Web guru, I have
     placed the WWW FAQ on the file server at the University of
     Alabama. It is broken into two parts:

          filename  filetype
          --------  --------
          WWW       FAQ1
          WWW       FAQ2

     You can use the GET command to get it (remember, do not
     reply to this letter -- you MUST write a new letter to the
     LISTSERV with your GET commands).

SOURCES:

     WWW FAQ, 8 August 1994.


NOTES:

(1)  General William Tecumseh Sherman was the Union Army General
     who burned a path 100 miles wide from Atlanta to the sea during
     the U.S. Civil War.

(2)  Kristen Burke, a friend of mine at the University, recently heard
     me promise that after this workshop I would *NEVER* do anything like
     this again. She bet me that I would change my mind. She won :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: QUICK UPDATE


There is a very slim chance that one or two of the lessons this week
may be a little late.  Please accept my apologies for this.

Also, by request, I have a quick penguin update from Mike at
Mawson Station, Antarctica.  Our little black and white friends
have picked themselves up off of their backsides and have moved
off onto the packice. According to Mike, the temperature at
Mawson station is a balmy -16 C with 35 knot winds.

I still haven't heard from Davis Station, Antarctica, though.
Perhaps the polar squirrels got them :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP24: WWW (PART TWO)


     "I love to sail forbidden seas, and land on barbarous coasts."
      -- Herman Melville, Moby-Dick


Back to work.

Yesterday I told you that "URLs" is pronounced "earls." In fact, a lot
of people still use the initials and call them "U-R-Ls." I personally
prefer calling them "earls" because "earls" rhymes with "squirrels,"
but the choice of what you call them is completely up to you :)

Let's take a look at how a sample WWW browser works. There are three
basic types of WWW browsers available: line-mode browsers, full screen
browsers (like Lynx), and graphical browsers (like Mosaic).

Line-mode browsers are about as user un-friendly as you can get.
This is hard to describe, but line-mode browsers work a little
like FTP inasmuch as you type a command, get some information
on your screen, type a new command, get some more information, and
so on ...

A full screen browser puts a menu on your screen that looks a little like
the Gopher menus that we saw last week. You move the cursor up and down
the screen, select a highlighted link, press enter or return, and you
are automatically taken to a new document or file (your fill screen
browser may work differently than this, though).

Graphical browsers allow you to access not only text, but also pictures
and sound (a.k.a. "hypermedia"). In fact, these pictures can be put in Web
documents (a.k.a. Web pages), making that Web page look less like a
Gopher menu and more like a page from a color magazine! Most graphical
browsers use a mouse, and you point-and-click on a highlighted link to
access it.

The URL for the sample Web page that we are going to use today is

          http://ua1vm.ua.edu/~vmhttpd/index.html

and I am going to be using the UF WWW Browser for CMS to access this
page. I'll talk a little more about how you can access a WWW browser
in a few minutes, but I first want to show you what a basic Web page
looks like.

The UF WWW Browser for CMS is the browser that my service provider
uses, and it is a full screen browser. The browser that you use -- if
you can even access a WWW browser -- will probably look and work a
little differently than what you will see in this example.

Finally, in real life my browser highlights the links by making them
a different color than the rest of the text. There is no way for me to
use different colors in this letter, so I have highlighted the links
in this example by surrounding them with a (* *).

Just like I can access an item in a Gopher menu by pointing at it and
selecting it, I can access a WWW link by pointing at it and selecting
it.

Enough talk. Time for the example.

I access my provider's WWW browser, and the following appears on my
screen:


     Albert 1.2.0 (UF WWW Browser for CMS)    Screen 1 of 2 (more screens)
     Viewing=http://ua1vm.ua.edu/~vmhttpd/index.html
     Title=UA1VM WWW Home Page
             Welcome to The University of Alabama's CMS WWW Server

     This CMS server is still under development. Any (*comments*)
     or (*suggestions*) will be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

     Gopher Sites:
        - (*UA1VM CMS Gopher Server*)
        - (*UA1IX AIX/370 Gopher Server*)
        - (*RISC/6000 Gopher Server*)
        - (*RICEVM1 CMS Gopher Server*)
     Telnet Sessions:
        - (*UA1VM.UA.EDU*)
        - (*UA1IX.UA.EDU - Line Mode*)
        - (*RISC.UA.EDU - Line Mode*)
     WWW Sites:
        - The University of Alabama Libraries (*WWW*)
        - The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (*WWW*)
        - The Alabama Supercomputer Network (*WWW*)
        - NASA Information Services via (*WWW*)
     Leisure:
        - (*Intertext Magazine*) - Electronic Fictional Magazine at The
          University of Michigan
        - (*Wiretap*) - a gopher to Cupertino, California
        - (*NNR*) - UA1VM's Network News Reader
     Other Neat Stuff:
        - The University of Alabama Library's On-Line (*Card Catalog*)
        - a (*map*) of The University of Alabama campus
        ... snip snip snip ...


COOL!

I can select any of these links -- the words set apart from the rest
of the text with a (* *) -- and be transported to that particular link.
>From this one Web page, I can access Gopher, telnet, and even other
Web pages! (I can also access FTP, although this page does not show
it).

We've seen a lot of Gopher and telnet recently. Let's take a look at
another Web page. Since I used to be a Simulations Director at the
United States Space Camp (did I forget to tell you that?), I'm going
to move my cursor down to the (*WWW*) link next to "NASA Information
Services", press enter, and see what happens:


     Albert 1.2.0 (UF WWW Browser for CMS)    Screen 1 of 2 (more screens)
     Viewing=http://hypatia.gsfc.nasa.gov/NASA_homepage.html
     Title=NASA Information Services via World Wide Web
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration

     NASA Logo

     (*World Wide Web (WWW) information services*)

     (*Hot Topics*)  NASA news and subjects of public interest
     (*NASA Strategic Plan*)
     (*NASA Strategies, Policies, and Public Affairs*)
     (*NASA Online Educational Resources*)
     (*NASA Information Sources by Subject*)
     ... snip snip snip ...


This is certainly more interesting than SURAnet! ;)

>From this Web page I can access OTHER Web pages, and from those Web pages
I can access even MORE Web pages, and so on ...

Yesterday I told you that it is possible for you to connect directly
to a specific Internet resource so long as you know the resource's
URL. *HOW* you do that depends on the browser that you use.

For the line-mode browser at CERN, for example, the command to connect
to a particular URL is

          GO <URL>

replacing <URL> with the URL of the Internet resource that you want
to access. In Lynx, you just select the "GO" link on the browser's
start-up page; in most graphical browsers (like Mosaic), there is
usually an "Open URL" option in one of the menus. (1)

Before you can do this, however, you have to first access the Web.
There are three ways that you can do this:

     1. Through a browser stored on your local Internet service provider's
        machine. Ask your provider if your site has a Web browser, and how
        you can access it.

     2. Through a browser stored on your own machine. Until recently,
        you had to have a SLIP or PPP connection to do this. Some
        providers -- providers who FLOODED my mailbox when I did
        not talk about the special Level 2.0002746278546723 access
        that they offer -- now allow you to store a Web browser on
        your own machine even though you only have Level 2 access.

        If you do not have a SLIP or PPP connection, contact your
        provider BEFORE you store a Web reader on your own computer
        and double-check that your provider will support the browser.
        *MOST* service providers can NOT support a Web browser unless
        you have a SLIP or PPP connection.

     3. Through a telnet connection to a publicly-accessible Web
        browser.

If you have a SLIP or a PPP connection, the WWW FAQ that I have stored on
the University of Alabama's LISTSERV file server (WWW FAQ1) has a list
of FTP sites where you can get specific Web browsers.

(Do me a favor ... re-read that last sentence. Did you EVER think you
would understand a sentence like that? Isn't this workshop COOL?!!)

If you do not have access to a Web browser through your site, you may
still be able to access a Web browser through telnet. The following are
a couple of the public Web sites: (1)

     telnet address            comments
     --------------            -----------------------
     info.cern.ch              No password is required. This is in
                               Switzerland, so U.S. users might be
                               better off using a closer browser.

     www.cc.ukans.edu          The "Lynx" full screen browser, which
                               requires a vt100 terminal. Login as www.
                               Does not allow users to "go" to arbitrary
                               URLs.

     www.njit.edu              Login as www. A full-screen browser at
                               the New Jersey Institute of Technology.

     sun.uakom.cs              Slovakia. Has a slow link, so only use
                               from nearby.

     info.funet.fi             Login as www. Offers several browsers,
                               including Lynx (goto option disabled
                               there too).

     fserv.kfki.hu             Hungary. Has a slow link, so use from
                               nearby. Login as www.


Once you are on the Web, it is possible for you to do keyword searches
(much like the Veronica searches we did last week) using one of the
Web's many search engines. One of the best Web search engines is the
WebCrawler. The WebCrawler's URL is

     http://www.biotech.washington.edu/WebQuery.html

and the WebCrawler searches for documents whose title *AND CONTENT*
match your keyword.

Another Web search engine you probably will want to check out is
the World Wide Web Worm. The Worm's URL is

     http://www.cs.colorado.edu/home/mcbryan/WWWW.html

The Worm is not at thorough as the WebCrawler, but it is still a
pretty competent search engine.

Both of these search engines provide really good on-line help and instructions.

One last thing, and I am though for today. Please remember:

     - The "Web" is the collection of all of the files and information
       that can be accessed by a Web browser.

     - Mosaic and Lynx and just BROWSERS that allow you to access the
       Web.


SOURCES

     (1)  WWW FAQ Part 1 - August 94, available from the University
          of Alabama's LISTSERV file server (GET WWW FAQ1 F=MAIL).

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: POP QUIZ #2


     "The Golden Age of the Net was last year. The Golden Age
      of the Net was *ALWAYS* last year!!" -- Rev. Bob "Bob" Crispen


This is going to be fun! This quiz only has four questions, but the
questions require you to use the Internet to find the answers >:)

Again, do not send your answers to me. This exam is self-graded, and
the answers will be posted on FRIDAY (I want to give you plenty of
time to complete this exam).


     1. There are literally THOUSANDS of files available through FTP
        that have the .TXT file extension. Tell me the exact location
        of just one of these files (hint: see MAP17).










     2. Rick Gates has a monthly competition called "The Internet Hunt."
        The Hunt asks ten of the most contrived questions you have ever
        seen, and the Hunt's participants have to find the answers using
        nothing but the Internet (and they also have to show where they
        found the answers).

        Come to think of it, the Internet Hunt is a lot like this pop
        quiz ... hmmmm ....

        I have heard that Rick places the Hunt results on the CICNET Gopher
        server (gopher.cic.net) in Michigan (U.S.)

        I am interested in the Hunt results. In particular, I am interested
        in May, 1994 results.

        Who won the May 1994 Internet Hunt in the individual category? :)
        (Note: you may want to bookmark the main Internet Hunt menu --
        it is a WONDERFUL Internet training resource).










     3. I just tried a Veronica search and I got an "Empty Menu" error
        for a file that I *KNOW* exists. I should call my local Internet
        service provider and complain, right? Explain your answer :)










     4. I want to subscribe to a LISTSERV list. The list's address is
        NAVIGATE@UBVM

        Tell me what I need to do.









     BONUS: What *IS* Clifford Stoll's next book going to be about?
     (One of the questions above gives you enough information to find
     the answer).

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP25: ADDRESS SEARCHES AND FINGER


     "A man without an address is a vagabond; a man with two
      addresses is a libertine." -- George Bernard Shaw


I have *four* account addresses. What does that make me? (1)

My *main* address is PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU (stop laughing ... it's NOT
funny). I also have a UNIX account address (PCRISPE1@UA1IX.UA.EDU), a
P-MAIL address (PCRISPE1@SSS.CBA.UA.EDU), and I even have an address on
America Online (CRISPEN@AOL.COM).

The *only* address that I use regularly is PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU

When I was writing the lesson plans for last week's Gopher lessons,
I logged on to my UNIX account (PCRISPE1@UA1IX.UA.EDU) just to brush
up on some commands. I had not used my UNIX account in over two
years (I personally do not like UNIX, and I try to avoid using it
as much as is humanly possible) (2)

Sitting in my UNIX account's mailbox were three letters. Each letter
was written by someone who said they found my address using an e-mail
address search. One of the letters was SIX MONTHS old.

As you can see from the above story, e-mail address searches may not be
100% accurate. You may get a working e-mail address, but there is no
guarantee that the address that you get will be on a system that the
person that you want to talk to still uses.

The moral of my story is this: while it would be great if you could just
type a few commands on your screen and get the e-mail address of
anyone in the world, the *BEST* way to find someone's e-mail address
is to call them on the telephone and ASK them for it.

However, it would be cruel for me to tell you that it is possible
for you to do an e-mail address search (however flawed such a search
might be) and then not show you how to do one of these searches :)

There are several different e-mail address search tools. I am going to
show you one of them -- whois.

The "whois" directory is one of the most popular e-mail search tools.
'The whois directory provides names, e-mail and postal mail addresses
and often phone numbers for people listed in it. To use it, telnet to

               internic.net

No log-on is needed (you can also use whois through Gopher -- check out
the University of Minnesota's gopher server in the "phone books" menu).

Once you have accessed the telnet site, the quickest way to conduct a
whois address search is to type

               whois <name>

at the prompt, replacing <name> with the last name or organization name
that you are looking for.' (3)

Let's check-up on the President of the United States! I type

               whois Clinton

and the following appears on my screen:


     Whois: whois Clinton
     Clinton Cadillac (NET-C106755)  C106755                198.249.102.0
     Clinton Central School (AGCC-DOM)                      AGCC.COM
     Clinton Group, Inc. (CLINTON-DOM)                      CLINTON.COM
     Clinton High School (NET-CLINTONHS-NET) CLINTONHS-NET  192.239.138.0
     Clinton, Tom J. (TJC2)      tjclinton@PIPTRONIX.COM    416 289 1895


Bummer ... No "Bill."

However, I did get some neat information. Let's take a closer look at two
of these entries:

     Clinton Group, Inc. (CLINTON-DOM)                      CLINTON.COM
     Clinton, Tom J. (TJC2)      tjclinton@PIPTRONIX.COM    416 289 1895

The first entry is an entry for a site. "Clinton Group, Inc." is the
real-life name of this particular site. The "CLINTON-DOM" part is
just a "handle" that the whois database uses to identify this entry.
The last part is the site's Internet address (in other words, the
e-mail address for someone who works for the Clinton Group would be
USER@CLINTON.COM (where USER is replaced with the person's login id)).

The second entry is for a person named Tom J. Clinton. Again, the entry
has a handle (TJC2). This entry also has two new items: Tom's e-mail
address, and his telephone number (btw, this is just an example -- the
e-mail address and telephone number listed above will not work).

Let's keep looking for the President. I can use an e-mail address as
a search keyword, so I type

               Whois president@whitehouse.gov

and the following appears on my screen:


     Whois president@whitehouse.gov
     No match for mailbox "PRESIDENT@WHITEHOUSE.GOV"


Gee ... that's odd. I *know* that president@whitehouse.gov is the
correct e-mail address. What happened?

To add to the problem of "inaccurate" addresses that we discussed
a few minutes ago, most e-mail address databases are far from complete.
Heck, this whois directory does not even have an entry for *ME*!

Again, if you want to find someone's e-mail address, the best way to
get it is to ASK that person for their address!!


FINGER

"Finger is a handy little program which lets you find out more about
people on the Net -- and lets you tell others on the Net more about
yourself.

Finger uses the same concept as telnet or FTP, but it works with only
one file, called .plan (yes, with a period in front). This is a text
file an Internet user creates with a text editor in his home directory.
(If you local Internet service provider allows it), you can put your
phone number in there, tell a little bit about yourself, or write
almost anything at all." (3)

If you local Internet service provider allows you to use finger -- and
a lot don't, for reasons we will soon see -- all you need to do to
read someone else's plan is type

          finger <user@address>

replacing <user@address> with the e-mail address of the person that you
want to finger.

For example, if I type

          finger pcrispe1@ua1ix.ua.edu

(my UNIX account address), the following appears on my screen:

      ua1ix.ua.edu
     Login name: pcrispe1@ua1ix.ua.edu         In real life: Patrick Crispen
     Directory: /u/as/econ/pcrispe1            Shell: /bin/sh
     On since Nov 09 06:27:38 on ttyp0 at ua1ix from ua1vm.ua.edu ...
     No plan.

Boring!

Let's finger someone else. I type

          finger coke@cs.cmu.edu

and the following appears on my screen:


      L.GP.CMU.EDU
      Login: coke                             Name: Drink Coke
      Directory: /usr/coke                    Shell: /usr/local/bin/tcsh
      Last login Wed Oct 12 14:27 (EDT) on ttyp1 from PTERO.SOAR.CS.CMU.EDU
      Mail came on Tue Nov  8 13:35, last read on Tue Nov  8 13:35
      Plan:
      Thu Sep 29 17:33:39 1994
      M&M validity: 0         Coke validity: 0 (e.g. data interface is down)
      Exact change required for coke machine.
          M & M                      Buttons
         /-----\
         |     |           C: CCCCCCCCCCCC...........
         |**   |        C: CCCCCC......   D: CCCCCC......
         |*****|        C: CCCCCC......   D: CCCCCC......
         |*****|        C: CCCCCC......   D: CCCCCC......
         \-----/                          C: CCCCCC......
            |                             S: CCCCCC......
            |        Key:
            |          0 = warm;  9 = 90% cold;  C = cold;  . = empty
            |          Leftmost soda/pop will be dispensed next
         ---^---


Huh?? The story, as best as I can remember it, is that the people who
worked at the Computer Science department at Carnegie-Mellon University
in Pittsburgh were sick and tired of having to go down several flights
of stairs only to discover that their Coke machine was empty. So, they
hooked the Coke machine up to the Internet.

Using a finger command, they could tell how many Cokes were in the machine,
and they could even tell if the Cokes were cold or not (the M&M machine
came later).

The neat thing about this is that ANYONE with access to finger can finger
the CMU Coke machine and discover how many Cokes there are in this one
vending machine in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania :)

While this is funny -- and there are a lot of other neat things that you
can find using finger -- there is a problem. According to the Chronicle
of Higher Education

     Many college and university computer system administrators are
     responding to rising concerns over misuse of the Finger tool with
     modifications that restrict the information users can glean, and
     some have eliminated it altogether. Critics note the tool violates
     privacy -- it provides information about where people are logging
     on and when they're doing it -- and security -- crackers can use
     it to obtain information that can help them break into computer
     accounts ... (4)

Don't be shocked if you try to finger someone and it does not work.
If you site does not have a finger program, you can still finger someone
by sending an e-mail letter to

          jfesler@netcom.com

with the command

          #finger <user@address>

in the SUBJECT LINE of your letter (NOTE: do *NOT* put the command in
the body of your letter), replacing <user@address> with the e-mail
address of the person that you want to finger.

You should receive a response about a day later.

You can also try to finger someone using telnet (but I have *yet* to get
this to work from here). If the person's address is user@site, telnet
to

          <site> 79

replacing <site> with the site's address. Once connected, type the
username.


HOMEWORK:

     - In a few minutes, I am going to send you a list of neat stuff
       that you should check out. One of the things you should check
       out is the "Special Internet Connections" list written by
       Scott Yanoff. The list contains the addresses of SEVERAL
       neat finger addresses.

COMMENTS

     (1) *BESIDES* a squirrel!!!
     (2) This is a personal problem, and I promise to seek the necessary
         professional counseling that I need (so PLEASE don't write me).
     (3) Adapted from the "EFF's Guide to the Internet" and reprinted
         by permission.
     (4) Chronicle of Higher Education 7/13/94 A15, as reprinted in
         Edupage 07.14.94

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: NEAT STUFF TO CHECK OUT


     "(E)rror of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left
      free to combat it." -- Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural
      Address (1801)

     "Jefferson obviously was never on Usenet." -- Patrick Crispen


The workshop is rapidly drawing to a close. Before I turn you loose
on the Net, there are a few neat sites and resources that I want to
recommend:


EDUPAGE

     EDUPAGE is a "summary of news items on information technology,
     and is provided three times each week as a service by Educom --
     a consortium of leading colleges and universities seeking to
     transform education through the use of information technology."

     EDUPAGE does not talk about education, but it does give one
     paragraph summaries of technology stories printed in leading
     newspapers and magazines. (EDUPAGE is a *distribution* list,
     much like the Roadmap list. You can't *send* letters to the
     EDUPAGE list, you can only *receive* letters from the EDUPAGE
     list).

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through e-mail:     send an e-mail letter to LISTPROC@EDUCOM.EDU
                              which says SUB EDUPAGE <YOUR NAME> in the body
                              of your e-mail letter.


NEW-LIST

     This LISTSERV list is the place where new LISTSERV lists are
     announced. (NEW-LIST is a distribution list, not a discussion
     list). If you want to keep up to date on new LISTSERV lists,
     NEW-LIST is for you!

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through e-mail:     send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@NDSUVM1.BITNET
                              which says SUBSCRIBE NEW-LIST <YOUR NAME> in
                              the body of your letter.


SPECIAL INTERNET CONNECTIONS

     Also known as "Yanoff's List," this is a list of hundreds of
     Internet resources that are available through e-mail, telnet,
     FTP, Gopher, Finger, and the Web.  This list is ESSENTIAL for
     anyone who wants to be a serious net traveler.

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through Usenet:     alt.internet.services

          Through FTP:        address: csd4.csd.uwm.edu
                              path: /pub/inet.services.txt

          Through Gopher:     address: csd4.csd.uwm.edu
                              to menu: Remote Information Servers
                              to document: Special Internet Connections

          Through e-mail:     send a blank e-mail letter to
                              inetlist@aug3.augsburg.edu
                              and the address will auto-reply

          Through WWW:        http://www.uwm.edu/Mirror/inet.services.html
                              (this is a document with links to all of the
                              items on the list!)

          Through LISTSERV:   Subscribe to INETLIST@CSD.UWM.EDU
                              (remember to send your subscribe command to
                              the LISTSERV address!!)


DR. BOB'S "ACCESSING THE INTERNET BY E-MAIL"

     For those of you with Level One access to the Internet, you should
     certainly check out this free file. It talks about how to access
     FTP, Archie, Gopher, Veronica, and several other Internet tools
     using nothing but e-mail (btw, this is from Dr. Bob Rankin and *not*
     from my dad -- the Rev. Bob "Bob" Crispen)

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through e-mail:     Send an e-mail letter to
                              LISTSERV@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU which says
                              GET INTERNET BY-EMAIL NETTRAIN F=MAIL
                              in the body of your letter.


ARLENE RINALDI's "THE NET: USER GUIDELINES AND NETIQUETTE"

     This is the ULTIMATE Internet netiquette guide, and is required
     reading for any user who wants to keep from making stupid mistakes.

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through FTP:        address: ftp.lib.berkeley.edu
                              path: /pub/net.training/FAU/Netiquette.txt

          Through Gopher:     address: TRAINMAT.NCL.AC.UK
                              to menu: Networking Guides
                              to menu: Other networking guides ...
                              to document: Rinaldi ...

                              address: GOPHER.IC.MANKATO.MN.US
                              to menu: Information Booth ...
                              to document: Netiquette Explained ...

                              address: ESUSDA.GOV
                              to menu: Internet Services and Information
                              to menu: Using the Internet
                              to document: Netiquette ...

          Through WWW:        http://rs6000.adm.fau.edu/faahr/arlene.html


COMPUTER MEDIATED COMMUNICATION (CMC) SOURCES ON THE INTERNET

     Also known as December's List, this list is FOUR TIMES as long
     as Yanoff's list, and lists pointers to information describing
     the Internet, computer networks, and issues related to computer-
     mediated communication.

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through Usenet:     alt.internet.services
                              alt.answers
                              news.answers

          Through FTP:        address: ftp.rpi.edu
                              path: /pub/communications/internet-cmc.txt


NETTRAIN REVIEWS

     James Milles, the author of the "Discussion Lists: Mail Server Commands"
     file that I used in MAP06, is also the listowner of the NETTRAIN
     LISTSERV list. NETTRAIN is a discussion list for Internet trainers,
     and these trainers are often asked by James to review some of the
     Internet training books that are available at your local bookstore.

     Before you head off to the bookstore and pay upwards of $25.00 for
     an Internet book, you might want check the NETTRAIN reviews to see
     if the book is REALLY worth the money!

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through e-mail:     send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET
                              which says GET NETTRAIN REVIEWS F=MAIL in the
                              body of your letter. This will send you an
                              index of the reviews, and you can then use
                              the GET command to get the review that you
                              want (reviews are stored in 4 different files,
                              so you will need the index to figure out which
                              file you should get).


RICHARD SMITH'S "NAVIGATING THE INTERNET" AND "LET'S GO GOPHERN" WORKSHOPS

     These are the workshops that started it all! Smith's lessons have
     taught thousands, and he was the inspiration for the Roadmap workshop.


     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through FTP:        address: ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu
                              path: /navigate/*
                              or /gophern/*

          Through e-mail:     send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET
                              which says INDEX NAVIGATE F=MAIL or
                              INDEX GOPHERN F=MAIL and then use the GET
                              command to get the files that you want.

          Through Gopher:     address: wings.buffalo.edu
                              to menu: Access the Internet ...
                              to menu: About the Internet, Gopher, etc.
                              to menu: Navigate the Internet ...
                              or to menu: Let's Go Gopherin' ...

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET


     "They all laughed when I sat down at the piano, but oh!, when I
      began to play ..." -- John Caples, legendary advertisement for
      mail-order piano lessons, 1925


This lesson is not in the syllabus, but I thought it would be a neat
follow-up to MAP09: Spamming and Urban Legends.

Things change rapidly on the net, perhaps no more rapidly than in the
area of advertising, but there are a few general principles that
are likely to stay put for a while.

First, generally speaking, don't.  If you work for a company that makes
a product, you'll draw more flames than orders if you try to use the net
to advertise that product.

ADVERTISING THAT'S OK.

There are a couple of exceptions.  In some musical groups, very few
people will object if you advertise a home-made or home-distributed
recording your band has made (but see below for exceptions).  And if
you have *one* computer or bicycle to sell, it's OK to advertise it in
the appropriate Usenet newsgroup (e.g., misc.forsale.computers.pc-clone,
rec.bicycles.marketplace).  If you have a warehouse full of computers
or bikes and you're in the business of selling them, that's probably
over the line.

A second exception is on the Web.  If your company has a homepage,
websurfers who call it up would be offended if you *didn't* have
information on your products, distributors, and so on.

A third exception is if somebody asks an technical question such
as "Who makes an Ada compiler for the MIL-STD-1750A processor?" it's
generally considered OK to answer "We do" and to give a point of
contact.  Just make sure your posting is information, not ad copy.
Often the person answering will say something like "Blatant commercial
plug:" so he's not accused of being deceptive.

DECEPTION.

Deception is another matter entirely.  There's a new form of
advertising that's showing up on some of the musical newsgroups.
Someone will post a message giving a rave review of the new CD by
group X.  A while later he'll rave about group Y and artist Z.  It
turns out that the only thing he ever has to say are rave reviews
of new CDs.  And all the artists he raves about record for the same
major label.  After not too much detective work it turns out that
our hero works for (now let's not always see the same hands) the
record label.

It's not restricted to musical groups, either.  A well-known
scenario has person A ask a question like "what's the best product
to do W?"  Shortly afterward, person B replies that the new offering
P from R Software solves that problem, is cheap and easy to install,
and everybody should have one.  A while later on another group A
reappears with another question, and sure enough, product Q from R
Software is the answer to the world's ills.

I haven't the slightest idea why a company would risk earning a
reputation for unethical dealings, but if you're sleazy enough to
think these are good ideas, please be aware that there are folks on
the net who delight in exposing scams of this sort, and you'll be
found out in short order.

APPROPRIATE FORUMS.

Sending out e-mail to every LISTSERV and Usenet newsgroup has already
been covered in MAP09 Spamming and Urban Legends.  Don't do it.  There
are companies who sell mailing lists of e-mail addresses.  I find the
prospect of junk-e-mail frightening: there are companies and organizations
who would pull their workers off the net rather than subject them
to such misuse of company resources.

And you hardly need to be told that advertising a bicycle for sale
in rec.arts.marching.drumcorps or talk.politics.tibet is a waste
of time.

But there's a subtler point.  Many of the Usenet hierarchies have a
special "marketplace" newsgroup.  It's safe to assume that any related
group does NOT want ads.  For example, there's a newsgroup called
rec.music.makers.marketplace and it's a good bet that your offer of a
synthesizer for sale will not be welcome on rec.music.makers.synth.

There is a List of Active Newsgroups available on news.answers that
lists the active Usenet newsgroups.  Look there to find out where the
"marketplace" and "forsale" groups are.

When you touch on the sensitive area of advertising it's all too easy
to earn a reputation for being dishonest, when all you really are is
ignorant.  Save your reputation by knowing what the rules are
before you advertise.

RESOURCES.

Net policy and attitudes toward advertising are evolving so rapidly
that his article is virtually guaranteed to be out of date.  Two
articles available on the Unsenet newsgroup news.answers, "swap-guide"
and "Advertising FAQ", discuss some of the cultural issues involved
in buying and selling on the net.

A LISTSERV INET-MARKETING has started in the last few months to discuss
"marketing goods and services in an appropriate way on the Internet".
To join, send a mail message to listproc@einet.net containing

      SUBSCRIBE INET-MARKETING Your Name of Your Organization

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

From: BobRankin@Delphi.Com (Doctor Bob)
Newsgroups:
alt.internet.services,alt.online-service,alt.bbs.internet,alt.answers,news.a
nswers
Subject: Accessing the Internet by E-Mail FAQ
Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.EDU
Followup-To: poster
Summary: This guide will show you how to retrieve files from FTP sites,
         explore the Internet via Gopher, search for information with
         Archie, Veronica, or WAIS, tap into the World-Wide Web, and
         even access Usenet newsgroups using E-MAIL AS YOUR ONLY TOOL.

Archive-name: internet-services/access-via-email
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Last-modified: 1994/11/30
Version: 3.0


                 Accessing The Internet By E-Mail
           Doctor Bob's Guide to Offline Internet Access
                    3rd Edition - December 1994


              Copyright (c) 1994,  "Doctor Bob" Rankin

   All rights reserved.  Permission is granted to make and distribute
   verbatim copies of this document provided the copyright notice and
   this permission notice are preserved on all copies.  Feel free to
            upload to your favorite BBS or Internet server!


How to Access Internet Services by E-mail
-----------------------------------------

If your only access to the Internet is via e-mail, you don't have to
miss out on all the fun!  Maybe you've heard of FTP, Gopher, Archie,
Veronica, Finger, Whois, WAIS, World-Wide Web, and Usenet but thought
they were out of your reach because your online service does not provide
those tools.  Not so!  And even if you do have full Internet access,
using e-mail servers can save you time and money.

This special report will show you how to retrieve files from FTP sites,
explore the Internet via Gopher, search for information with Archie,
Veronica, or WAIS, tap into the World-Wide Web, and even access Usenet
newsgroups using E-MAIL AS YOUR ONLY TOOL.

If you can send a note to an Internet address, you're in the game!  This
is great news for users of online services where there is partial or no
direct Internet access.  As of late 1994, there were 150 countries with
only e-mail connections to the Internet.  This is double the number of
countries with direct (IP) connections.

I encourage you to read this entire document first and then go back and
try out the techniques that are covered.  This way, you will gain a
broader perspective of the information resources that are available, an
introduction to the tools you can work with, and the best methods for
finding the information you want.


Finding the Latest Version
--------------------------

This document is now available from several automated mail servers.
To get the latest edition, send e-mail to one of the addresses below.

To: listserv@ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu (for US/Canada/etc.)
Leave Subject blank, and enter only this line in the body of the note:
  GET INTERNET BY-EMAIL NETTRAIN F=MAIL

To: mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu (for Eastern US)
Leave Subject blank, and enter only this line in the body of the note:
  send usenet/news.answers/internet-services/access-via-email

To: mailbase@mailbase.ac.uk (for UK/Europe/etc.)
Leave Subject blank, and enter only this line in the body of the note:
  send lis-iis e-access-inet.txt

You can also get the file by anonymous FTP at one of these sites:

Site: ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu
   get NETTRAIN/INTERNET.BY-EMAIL
Site: rtfm.mit.edu
   get pub/usenet/news.answers/internet-services/access-via-email
Site: mailbase.ac.uk
   get pub/lists/lis-iis/files/e-access-inet.txt

Acknowledgements
----------------

This document is continually expanding and improving as a result of the
daily flood of comments and questions received by the author.  The following
individuals are hereby recognized for their contributions.  (If I forgot
anyone, let me know and I'll gladly add you to the list.)

   Miles Baska
   Sylvain Chamberland
   Roddy MacLeod - Engineering Faculty Librarian, Heriot Watt University
   George McMurdo - Queen Margaret College
   Jim Milles - NETTRAIN Moderator, Saint Louis University
   Glee Willis - Engineering Librarian, University of Nevada
   Herman VanUytven - Netnews->Email server developer


A Short Aside... "What is the Internet?"
----------------------------------------

Many introductory texts on the Internet go into excruciating detail on
the history, composition and protocol of the Internet.  If you were
looking for that you won't find it here, because this is a "how to"
lesson, not a history book.

When you buy a new car, they don't make you read "The Life and Times of
Henry Ford" before you can turn the top down and squeal off the lot.
And when you get a new computer, nobody forces you to read a text on
logic design before you fire up Leisure Suit Larry or WordPerfect.

So if you're the type that wants to short-circuit the preliminaries and
just dig in, you've come to the right place.  I'm not going to bore you
with the gory details.  Instead, I'll just offer up my Reader's Digest
condensed definition of the Internet, and encourage you to read more
about the Internet in one of the many fine Internet books and guides
listed in the "Suggested Reading" section.  Some of them are even free,
and accessible directly from the Internet!

Internet (noun) - A sprawling collection of computer networks that spans
the globe, connecting government, military, educational and commercial
institutions, as well as private citizens to a wide range of computer
services, resources, and information.  A set of network conventions and
common tools are employed to give the appearance of a single large
network, even though the computers that are linked together use many
different hardware and software platforms.


The Rules of The Game
---------------------

This document is meant to be both tutorial and practical, so there are
lots of actual commands and internet addresses listed herein.  You'll
notice that when these are included in the text they are indented by
several spaces for clarity.  Don't include the leading spaces when you
try these commands on your own!

You'll also see things like "<file>" or "<name>" appearing in this
document.  Think of these as place holders or variables which must
be replaced with an appropriate value.  Do NOT include the quotes or
brackets in your value unless specifically directed to do so.

Often you'll be told to "send e-mail with a blank subject" to some
address.  This means to simply leave the "Subject:" field blank in
your note.  If your mailer refuses to send messages with a blank
subject, give it some dummy value.  In most cases this will work fine.

Most e-mail servers understand only a small set of commands and are
not very forgiving if you deviate from what they expect.  So include
ONLY the specified commands in the "body" of your note and leave off
any extraneous lines such as your signature, etc.

Pay attention to upper/lower case in directory and file names when
using e-mail servers.  It's almost always important!


                           FTP BY E-MAIL
                           -------------

FTP stands for "file transfer protocol", and is a means of accessing
files that are stored on remote computer systems.  In Internet lingo,
these remote computers are called "sites".  Files at FTP sites are
typically stored in a tree-like set of directories (or nested folders
for Mac fans), each of which pertains to a different subject.

When visiting an FTP site using a "live" internet connection, one would
specify the name of the site, login with a userid & password, navigate
to the desired directory and select one or more files to be transferred
back to their local system.

Using FTP by e-mail is very similar, except that the desired site is
reached through a special "ftpmail server" which logs in to the remote
site and returns the requested files to you in response to a set of
commands in an e-mail message.

Using FTP by e-mail can be nice even for those with full Internet
access, because some popular FTP sites are heavily loaded and
interactive response can be very sluggish.  So it makes sense not to
waste time and connect charges in these cases.

To use FTP by e-mail, you first need a list of FTP "sites" which are the
addresses of the remote computer systems that allow you to retrieve
files anonymously (without having a userid and password on that system).

There are some popular sites listed later in this guide, but you can get
a comprehensive list of hundreds of anonymous FTP sites by sending an
e-mail message to the internet address:

  mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu

with a blank subject and include these lines in the body of the note.

   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part1
   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part2
   ... (lines omitted for brevity)
   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part13
   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part14

You will then receive (by e-mail) 14 files which comprise the "FTP Site
List".  Note that these files are each about 60K, so the whole lot will
total over 750K!  This could place a strain on your system, so first
check around to see if the list is already available locally, or
consider requesting just the first few as a sampler before getting the
rest.

Another file you might want to get is "FTP Frequently Asked Questions"
which contains lots more info on using FTP services, so add this line to
your note as well.

   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq

After you receive the site list you'll see dozens of entries like this,
which tell you the site name, location and the kind of files that are
stored there.

   Site   : oak.oakland.edu
   Country: USA
   Organ  : Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
   System : Unix
   Comment: Primary Simtel Software Repository mirror
   Files  : BBS lists; ham radio; TCP/IP; Mac; modem protocol info;
            MS-DOS; MS-Windows; PC Blue; PostScript; Simtel-20; Unix

If you find an interesting FTP site in the list, send e-mail to one of
these ftpmail servers:

   ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu                      (USA/NC)
   bitftp@pucc.princeton.edu                    (USA/NJ)
   bitftp@vm.gmd.de                             (Europe)
   bitftp@plearn.edu.pl                         (Europe)
   ftpmail@doc.ic.ac.uk                         (UK)
   ftpmail@cs.uow.edu.au                        (Australia)

and in the body of the note, include these lines:

   open <site>
   dir
   quit

This will return to you a list of the files stored in the root directory
at that site.  In your next e-mail message you can navigate to other
directories by inserting (for example)

   cd pub

before the "dir" command.  (The "cd" means "change directory" and "pub"
is a common directory name, usually a good place to start.) Once you
determine the name of a file you want to retrieve, use:

   get <name of file>

in the following note instead of the "dir" command.  If the file you
want to retrieve is plain text, this will suffice.  If it's a binary
file (an executable program, compressed file, etc.) you'll need to
insert the command:

   binary

in your note before the "get" command.

OK, let's grab the text of The Declaration of Independence.  Here's the
message you send to ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu (or another ftpmail server):

   open ftp.eff.org                 (The name of the FTP site)
   cd pub/CAF/civics                (The directory where the file lives)
   get dec_of_ind                   (The name of the file to retrieve)
   quit                             (Beam me up, Scotty!)

Here are the commands you would send to to get a file from the Simtel
Software Repository that was mentioned earlier.

   open oak.oakland.edu             (The name of the FTP site)
   cd SimTel/msdos/bbs              (The directory where the file lives)
   binary                           (Because we're getting a ZIP file)
   get answer2.zip                  (Sounds interesting, anyway...)
   quit                             (We're outta here!)

Some other interesting FTP sites you may want to "visit" are listed below.
(Use these site names on the "open" command and the suggested directory
name on your "cd" command, as in the previous examples.)

   ocf.berkeley.edu    Try: pub/Library for documents, Bible, lyrics, etc.
   rtfm.mit.edu        Try: pub/usenet/news.answers for USENET info
   oak.oakland.edu     Try: SimTel/msdos for a huge DOS software library
   ftp.sura.net        Try: pub/nic for Internet how-to documents
   quartz.rutgers.edu  Try: pub/humor for lots of humor files
   gatekeeper.dec.com  Try: pub/recipes for a cooking & recipe archive

You should note that ftpmail servers tend to be quite busy so your reply
may not arrive for several minutes, hours, or days, depending on when
and where you send your request.  Also, some large files may be split
into smaller pieces and returned to you as multiple messages.

If the file that is returned to you ends up looking something like what
you see below, (the word "begin" with a number and the filename on one
line, followed by a bunch of 61-character lines) it most likely is a
binary file that has been "uuencoded" by the sender.  (This is required
in order to reliably transmit binary files on the Internet.)

    begin 666 answer2.zip
    M4$L#!`H`!@`.`/6H?18.$-Z$F@P```@?```,````5$5,25@S,34N5%A480I[
    M!P8;!KL,2P,)!PL).PD'%@.(!@4.!P8%-@.6%PL*!@@*.P4.%00.%P4*.`4.

You'll need to scrounge up a version of the "uudecode" program for your
operating system (DOS, OS/2, Unix, Mac, etc.) in order to reconstruct the
file.  Most likely you'll find a copy already at your site or in your
service provider's download library, but if not you can use the instructions
in the next section to find out how to search FTP sites for a copy.

One final point to consider...  If your online service charges you to
store e-mail files that are sent to you and you plan to receive some
large files via FTP, it would be wise to handle your "inbasket"
expeditiously to avoid storage costs.


                            ARCHIE BY E-MAIL
                            ----------------

Let's say you know the name of a file, but you have no idea at which FTP
site it might be lurking.  Or maybe you're curious to know if a file
matching a certain naming criteria is available via FTP.  Archie is the
tool you can use to find out.

Archie servers can be thought of as a database of all the anonymous FTP
sites in the world, allowing you to find the site and/or name of a file
to be retrieved.  And using Archie by e-mail can be convenient because
some Archie searches take a LONG time to complete, leaving you to tap
your toes in the meantime.

To use Archie by e-mail, simply send an e-mail message to one of the
following addresses:

   archie@archie.rutgers.edu                    (USA/NJ)
   archie@archie.sura.net                       (USA/MD)
   archie@archie.unl.edu                        (USA/NE)
   archie@archie.doc.ic.ac.uk                   (UK)
   archie@archie.luth.se                        (Sweden)
   archie@archie.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp             (Japan)

To obtain detailed help for using Archie by mail, put the word

   help

in the subject of the note and just send it off.  You'll receive e-mail
explaining how to use archie services.

If you're the "just do it" type, then leave the subject blank and enter:

   find <file>

where "<file>" is the name of the file to search for, in the body (not
the subject) of the note.

This will search for files that match your criteria exactly.  If you
want to find files that contain your search criteria anywhere in their
name, insert the line

   set search sub

before the "find" command.  Some other useful archie commands you might
want to use are:

   set maxhits 20             (limit output, default is 100 files)
   set match_domain usa       (restrict output to FTP sites in USA)
   set output_format terse    (return output in condensed form)

When you get the results from your Archie query, it will contain the
names of various sites at which the desired file is located.  Use one of
these site names and the directory/filename listed for your next FTP
file retrieval request.

Now you've learned enough to locate that uudecode utility mentioned in
the last section.  Let's send e-mail to archie@archie.rutgers.edu, and
include the following lines in the message:

   set match_domain usa       (restrict output to FTP sites in USA)
   set search sub             (looking for a substring match...)
   file uudecode              (must contain this string...)

Note: You'll be looking for the uudecode source code, not the executable
version, which would of course be a binary file and would arrive
uuencoded - a Catch 22!  The output of your archie query will contain
lots of information like this:

   Host ftp.clarkson.edu    (128.153.4.2)
   Last updated 06:31  9 Oct 1994

   Location: /pub/simtel20-cdrom/msdos/starter
   FILE    -r-xr-xr-x    5572 bytes  21:00 11 Mar 1991  uudecode.bas

   Location: /pub/simtel20-cdrom/msdos/starter
   FILE    -r-xr-xr-x    5349 bytes  20:00 17 Apr 1991  uudecode.c


Now you can use an ftpmail server to request "uudecode.bas" (if you have
BASIC available) or "uudecode.c" (if you have a C compiler) from the
ftp.clarkson.edu site.


                            GOPHER BY E-MAIL
                            ----------------

Gopher is an excellent tool for exploring the Internet and is the best
way to find a resource if you know what you want, but not where to find
it.  A gopher system is menu-based, and provides a user-friendly
"front-end" to Internet resources, searches and information retrieval.
Without a tool like Gopher, you'd have to wander aimlessly through the
Internet jungles and swamps to find the treasures you seek.  Gopher
"knows where things are" and guides you to the good stuff.

Gopher takes the rough edges off of the Internet by automating remote
logins, hiding the sometimes-cryptic command sequences, and offers
powerful search capabilities as well.  And of course you can use
Gopher by e-mail!

Although not every item on every menu will be accessible by "gopher
mail", you'll still find plenty of interesting things using this
technique.  Down to brass tacks...  let's send e-mail to one of these
addresses:

   gophermail@calvin.edu                  (USA)
   gopher@earn.net                        (France)
   gopher@dsv.su.se                       (Sweden)
   gomail@ncc.go.jp                       (Japan)

Leave the Subject blank, enter HELP in the body of the note, and let it
rip.  You'll soon receive by e-mail the text of the main menu at the
gophermail site you selected.  (You can optionally specify the address
of a known gopher site on the Subject line to get the main menu for that
site instead.)

To proceed to a selection on the returned menu just e-mail the whole
text of the note (from the menu downwards) back to the gopher server,
placing an "x" next to the items(s) you want to explore.  You'll then
receive the next level of the gopher menu by e-mail.  Some menu choices
lead to other menus, some lead to text files, and some lead to searches.

To perform a search, select that menu item with an "x" and supply your
search words in the Subject: of your next reply.  Note that your search
criteria can be a single word or a boolean expression such as:

   document and (historical or government)

Each of the results (the "hits") of your search will be displayed as
an entry on yet another gopher menu!

Note: You needn't actually return the entire gopher menu and all the
routing info that follows it each time you reply to the gophermail
server.  If you want to minimize the size of your query, you can strip
out the "menu" portion at the top and include only the portion below
that pertains to the menu selection you want.  The example that follows
shows how to select one specific item from a gopher menu:

   ------- begin gophermail message (do not include this line)
   Split=0 bytes/message - For text, bin, HQX messages (0 = No split)
   Menu=0 items/message - For menus and query responses (0 = No split)
   #
   Name=EE Telecommunication Overview
   Type=0
   Port=70
   Path=0/.d-f/eetel.info
   Host=nceet.snre.umich.edu
   ------- end gophermail message (do not include this line)

If this message looks like nonsense to you, here's a human translation:

   Connect to PORT 70 of the HOST (computer) at "nceet.snre.umich.edu",
   retrieve the FILE "eetel.info" (whose NAME is "EE Telecommunication
   Overview") and send it to me in ONE PIECE, regardless of its size.

Note: Sometimes gophermail requests return a blank menu or message.  This
is most likely because the server failed to connect to the host from which
you were trying to get your information.  Send your request again later
and it'll probably work.


                            VERONICA BY E-MAIL
                            ------------------

Speaking of searches, this is a good time to mention Veronica.  Just
as Archie provides a searchable index of FTP sites, Veronica provides
this function for "gopherspace".  Veronica will ask you what you want to
look for (your search words) and then display another menu listing all
the gopher menu items that match your search.  In typical gopher
fashion, you can then select one of these items and "go-pher it"!

To try Veronica by e-mail, retrieve the main menu from a gophermail server
using the method just described.  Then try the choice labelled "Other
Gopher and Information Servers".  This menu will have an entry for
Veronica.

You'll have to select one (or more) Veronica servers to handle your
query, specifying the search words in the Subject of your reply.  Here's
another example of where using e-mail servers can save time and money.
Often the Veronica servers are very busy and tell you to "try again
later".  So select 2 or 3 servers, and chances are one of them will be
able to handle your request the first time around.

A Gophermail Shortcut:
----------------------

The path to some resources, files or databases can be a bit tedious,
requiring several e-mail messages to the gophermail server.  But here's
the good news...  If you've done it once, you can re-use any of the
e-mail messages previously sent in, changing it to suit your current
needs.  As an example, here's a clipping from the Veronica menu you would
get by following the previous instructions.  You can send these lines to
any gophermail server to run a Veronica search.

   Split=64K bytes/message <- For text, bin, HQX messages (0 = No split)
   Menu=100 items/message <- For menus and query responses (0 = No split)
   #
   Name=Search GopherSpace by Title word(s) (via NYSERNet)
   Type=7
   Port=2347
   Path=
   Host=empire.nysernet.org

Specify the search words in the Subject line and see what turns up!


                             USENET BY E-MAIL
                             ----------------

Usenet is a collection of over 5000 discussion groups on every topic
imaginable.  In order to get a proper start and avoid embarrasing
yourself needlessly, you must read the Usenet new users intro document,
which can be obtained by sending e-mail to:

   mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu

with blank subject and including this line in the body of the note:

   send usenet/news.answers/news-newusers-intro

To get a listing of Usenet newsgroups, add these commands to your note:

   send usenet/news.answers/active-newsgroups/part1
   send usenet/news.answers/active-newsgroups/part2
   send usenet/news.answers/alt-hierarchies/part1
   send usenet/news.answers/alt-hierarchies/part2

Once you've handled the preliminaries, you'll need to know how to read
and contribute to Usenet newsgroups by e-mail.  To read a newsgroup, you
can use the gophermail service discussed earlier in this guide.

To obtain a list of recent postings to a particular newsgroup, send the
following lines to one of the gophermail servers mentioned previously.
Leave "Subject" blank and include only these lines in the message body.

(You must replace "<groupname>" below with the name of the Usenet
newsgroup you wish to access.  eg: alt.answers, biz.comp.services,
news.newusers.questions, etc.)

   ------- begin gophermail message (do not include this line)
   Type=1
   Port=4320
   Path=nntp ls <groupname>
   Host=info-server.lanl.gov
   ------- end gophermail message (do not include this line)

The gophermail server will send you a typical gopher menu on which you
may select the individual postings you wish to read.

Note: The gophermail query in this example is the greatly edited result of
many previous queries.  I've pared it down to the bare essentials so
it can be tailored and reused.

If you decide to make a post of your own,  mail the text of your post to:

   newsgroup.name.usenet@decwrl.dec.com         (USA)
   newsgroup.name@news.demon.co.uk              (UK)

For example, to post to news.newusers.questions, you would send your
message to one of:

   news.newusers.questions.usenet@decwrl.dec.com
   news.newusers.questions@news.demon.co.uk

Be sure to include an appropriate Subject: line, and to include your real
name and e-mail address at the close of your note.

An Alternative Usenet->E-mail Method
------------------------------------

Another way to get Usenet postings by e-mail is via a special server in
Belgium.  It's a bit easier than the gophermail approach, but it carries
only a subset (about 1000) of the Usenet groups.  Send e-mail to:

  listserv@cc1.kuleuven.ac.be

with this command in the body of the note:

   /NNHELP

and you'll get complete details.  If you can't wait, send the command

   /NEWSGROUPS

to get a list of the newsgroups available on the server.  If you're even
more impatient, try something like:

   /GROUP comp.unix.aix SINCE 19941215000000

and you should get a list of postings made from 15 Dec 1994 onward.

Yet Another Usenet->E-mail Method!
----------------------------------

See the section "World-Wide Web By E-Mail" for an even easier method of
retrieving Usenet posts by e-mail!  This method is limited to the set of
newsgroups carried at the CERN server, but the selection seems to be
quite comprehensive.


                          WAIS SEARCHES BY E-MAIL
                          -----------------------

WAIS stands for Wide Area Information Service, and is a means of
searching a set of over 500 indexed databases.  The range of topics is
too broad to mention, and besides, you'll soon learn how to get the
topic list for yourself!

I recommend that you send e-mail to "waismail@quake.think.com" with HELP
in the body of the note to get the full WAISmail user guide.  But if you
can't wait, use the info below as a quickstart.

A list of WAIS databases (or "resources" as they like to be called) can be
obtained by sending e-mail to "waismail@quake.think.com" with the line

   search xxx xxx

in the body of the note.  Look through the returned list for topics that
are of interest to you and use one of them in the next example.

OK, let's do an actual search.  Send e-mail to:

   waismail@quake.think.com

with the following commands in the note body:

   maxres 10
   search bible flood

This will tell WAISmail to search through the text of the "bible"
database and return a list of at most 10 documents containing "flood".

You will receive an e-mail response something like this:

   From: WAISmail@Think.COM
   Searching: bible
   Keywords: flood

   Result # 1 Score:1000 lines:  0 bytes:   3556 Date:910101 Type: TEXT
   Headline: Genesis: Chapter 9  9:1 And God blessed Noah and his sons...
   DocID: 0000000457KJV :cmns-moon.think.com@cmns-moon.think.com:210%TEXT

To retrieve the full text of a matching document, just use one the
returned "DOCid:" lines exactly as is.  So your next e-mail to WAISmail
would be:

   DocID: 0000000457KJV :cmns-moon.think.com@cmns-moon.think.com:210%TEXT

This will cause the referenced "document" to be sent to you by e-mail.


World-Wide Web By E-Mail
------------------------

The World-Wide Web is touted as the future of Internet navigational
tools.  It's a hypertext and multimedia system that lets you hop around
the Net, read documents, and access images & sounds linked to a source.

Have you ever heard someone say, "Wow, check out the cool stuff at
http://www.somewhere.com/blah.html" and wondered what the heck they
were talking about?  Now you can retrieve WWW documents using e-mail!

All you need to know is the URL (that long ugly string starting with
"http:", "gopher:", or "ftp:") which defines the address of the
document, and you can retrieve it by sending e-mail to either of:

   listserv@www0.cern.ch
   listproc@www0.cern.ch

In the body of your note include one of these lines, replacing "<URL>"
with the actual URL specification.

   send <URL>

This will send you back the document you requested, with a list of all
the documents referenced within, so that you may make further requests.

   deep <URL>

Same as above, but it will also send you the documents referenced in
the URL you specified.  (May result in a LOT of data coming your way!)

To try WWW by e-mail send the following command to listproc@www0.cern.ch :

   send http://info.cern.ch

You'll receive in due course the "WWW Welcome Page" from Cern which will
include references to other Web documents you'll want to explore.

As mentioned earlier, you can also get Usenet postings from the WWW
mail server. Here are some examples:

   send news:comp.unix.aix            (returns a list of recent postings)
   deep news:comp.unix.aix            (returns the list AND the postings)

Note: The URL you specify may contain only the following characters:
a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and these special characters /:._-+@%*()?~

There is another WWW-mail server whose address is:

   webmail@curia.ucc.ie

This server requires commands in the form:

   go <URL>


                              MAILING LISTS
                              -------------

There are literally thousands of discussion groups that stay in touch
using e-mail based systems known as "mailing lists".  People interested
in a topic "subscribe" to a "list" and then send and receive postings by
e-mail.  For a good introduction to this topic, send e-mail to:

   LISTSERV@vm1.nodak.edu

In the body of your note include only this command:

   GET NEW-LIST WOUTERS

Finding a Mailing List
----------------------

To find out about mailing lists that are relevant to your interests,
send the following command to the same address given above.

   LIST GLOBAL /keyword

(Of course you must replace "keyword" with an appropriate search word
such as Marketing, Education, etc.)

Another helpful document which details the commands used to subscribe,
unsubscribe and search mailing list archives can be had by sending to:

   LISTSERV@ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu

In the body of your note include only this command:

   get mailser cmd nettrain f=mail

New in These Parts?
-------------------

If you're new to the Internet, I suggest you subscribe to the HELP-NET list
where you're likely to find answers to your questions.  Send the command:

   SUBSCRIBE HELP-NET Firstname Lastname

to LISTSERV@VM.TEMPLE.EDU, then e-mail your questions to the list address:

   HELP-NET@VM.TEMPLE.EDU


                               FINGER BY E-MAIL
                               ----------------

"Finger" is a utility that returns information about another user.
Usually it's just boring stuff like last logon, etc., but sometimes
people put fun or useful information in their finger replies.  To try
out finger, send e-mail with

   Subject: FINGER jtchern@headcrash.berkeley.edu.
   To: infobot@infomania.com

You'll receive some current sports standings!  (The general form is
FINGER user@site.)

Just for kicks, try finger using a combination of gopher and WWW.  Send
the command:

   send gopher://<site>:79/0<user>

to the WWWmail server mentioned earlier.


                     "DIRECTORY ASSISTANCE" BY E-MAIL
                     --------------------------------

"Whois" is a service that queries a database of Internet names and
addresses.  If you're looking for someone or you want to know where
a particular computer is located, send e-mail with

   Subject: whois <name>
   To: mailserv@internic.net

Try substituting "mit.edu" or the last name of someone you know in place
of "<name>" and see what comes back!

Another alternative name looker-upper is a database at MIT which keeps
tabs on everyone who has posted a message on Usenet.  Send e-mail with
a blank subject to "mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu" and include this command
ONLY in the note body:

   send usenet-addresses/<name>

Specify as much information as you can about the person (lastname,
firstname, userid, site, etc.) to limit the amount of information that
is returned to you.  Here's a sample query to find the address of
someone you think may be at Harvard University:

   send usenet-addresses/Jane Doe Harvard


                           A FEW NET-GOODIES
                           -----------------

Here are some other interesting things you can do by e-mail.  (Some of
them are accessible only by e-mail!)

* WEBSTER BY E-MAIL
Don't have your dictionary handy?  Send e-mail to infobot@infomania.com
again, but this time make the subject WEBSTER TEST and you'll get a
definition of the word "test" in reply.

* ALMANAC, WEATHER & THE SWEDISH CHEF
Infomania offers a bunch of other services by e-mail!  Almanac
(daily updates), Weather, CD Music Catalog, etc. Send e-mail to
infobot@infomania.com with subject HELP for full details.

* THE ELECTRONIC NEWSSTAND
The Electronic Newsstand collects articles, editorials, and tables of
contents from over 165 magazines and provides them to the Internet. To get
instructions on e-mail access, send a blank message to gophermail@enews.com

* U.S. CONGRESS AND THE WHITE HOUSE
Find out if your congressman has an electronic address!  Just send mail
to the address congress@hr.house.gov and you'll get a listing of
congressional e-mail addresses.

You can also contact the President (president@whitehouse.gov) or Vice
President (vice.president@whitehouse.gov), but don't expect a reply by
e-mail.  Messages sent to these addresses get printed out and handled
just like regular paper correspondence!

* USENET SEARCHES
A new service at Stanford University makes it possible to search USENET
newsgroups for postings that contain keywords of interest to you.  You
can even "subscribe" and receive a daily list of newsgroup postings that
match your search criteria.  Send mail to netnews@db.stanford.edu with
blank subject and HELP in the body of note for full details.

* MOVIE INFO
To learn how to get tons of info on movies, actors, directors, etc.
Send mail to movie@ibmpcug.co.uk with blank subject and HELP in the body
of note for full details.

* STOCK MARKET REPORT
Send e-mail with subject STOCK MARKET QUOTES to martin.wong@eng.sun.com
and you'll receive a rather lengthy stock market report (every day until
you ask Martin to stop sending them)!  Please note that this is not an
automated server, so be sure to include a word of appreciation for this
useful service.

* STOCK MARKET QUOTES
If you want to get a current quote for just 1 or 2 stocks, you can use
the QuoteCom service.  They offer this free service along with other fee
based services.  For details, send e-mail to "services@quote.com" with a
subject of HELP.

* ANONYMOUS E-MAIL
The "anon server" provides a front for sending mail messages and posting
to Usenet newsgroups anonymously, should the need ever arise.  To get
complete instructions, send e-mail to:

   help@anon.penet.fi                               (English version)
   german@anon.penet.fi  or deutsch@anon.penet.fi   (German version)
   italian@anon.penet.fi or italiano@anon.penet.fi  (Italian version)

* NET JOURNALS LISTING
I highly recommend "The Internet Press - A guide to electronic journals
about the Internet".  To get it, send e-mail with Subject: send ipress to
savetz@rahul.net.  Be sure to check out Scout Report & Netsurfer Digest!

SCOUT REPORT: Forget building campfires. Scout Report is a weekly
featuring new resource announcements. News reports about the net were
promised but are pretty lean. Put out by gods at InterNIC.
E-MAIL - To:      majordomo@is.internic.net
         Subject: Ignored
         Body:   Subscribe scout-report

                           SUGGESTED READING
                           -----------------

There are lots of good books and guides to help you get started on the
Internet, and here are some that I recommend.  The first few are free
(FTPmail commands listed below), and the others can be found in most
bookstores that carry computer-related books.

"Zen and the Art of the Internet", by Brendan Kehoe
   open ftp.std.com
   cd obi/Internet/zen-1.0
   get zen10.txt

"There's Gold in them thar Networks", by Jerry Martin
   open nic.ddn.mil
   cd rfc
   get rfc1402.txt

"Unofficial Internet Book List", by Kevin Savetz
   open rtfm.mit.edu
   cd pub/usenet/news.answers/internet-services
   get book-list


"The Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog", by Ed Krol
   Publisher: O'Reilly and Associates
   ISBN: 1-56592-063-5
   Price: $24.95

"The Big Dummy's Guide to the Internet", by Adam Gaffin
   Publisher: MIT Press
   ISBN: 0-262-57105-6
   Price: $14.95

"The Internet for Dummies", by John Levine and Carol Baroudi
   Publisher: IDG Books
   ISBN: 1-56884-024-1
   Price: $19.95


                          CONTACTING THE AUTHOR
                          ---------------------

"Doctor Bob", also known as Bob Rankin, welcomes your feedback on this
guide and can be reached at the following addresses.  Send corrections,
ideas, suggestions and comments by e-mail.  I'll try to include any new
e-mail services in future editions of this guide.

Internet:  BobRankin@Delphi.com
US Mail :  Doctor Bob / P.O. Box 39 / Tillson, NY / 12486


                  MORE PUBLICATIONS FROM DOCTOR BOB!
                  ----------------------------------

                             Announcing ...

           +------------------------------------------------+
           |    "100 COOL THINGS TO DO ON THE INTERNET!"    |
           |        Doctor Bob's Internet Tour Guide        |
           | Over 100 places you *must* visit in cyberspace |
           +------------------------------------------------+

This is the guide I wanted when the Internet was new to me.  Just a
quick overview of the "tools of the trade" and a list of "cool things to
do".  Not 300 pages...  And not $39!  This information could save you
money, hours of valuable time, or lead you to a new career.

There's a goldmine of information, software and services out there just
waiting to be discovered!  It can be yours, but it's not easy...  That's
why you must have this informative report which gives you the lowdown on:

* Online databases          * Electronic Library Catalogs
* Shopping in Cyberspace    * Job Postings Online
* Vast software libraries   * ALL FREE!

You'll learn the basics of TELNETing, FTPing and GOPHERing to the
information you want, with specific instructions and the "secret keys"
you need to unlock all the doors on the way!


          +------------------------------------------------+
          |     Doctor Bob's Internet Business Guide       |
          |            An Introduction to Good             |
          |    Old-Fashioned Capitalism In Cyberspace      |
          +------------------------------------------------+

There are those who say that the Internet should be free of capitalism,
commerce, advertising and anything that smells like "business".

But there ARE ways to conduct business on the 'Net without raising the ire
of the inhabitants of the electronic domain.  You can lower costs, make
money and even get thanked for providing your service if you know how to
do it right!

I can't promise that you'll make lots of money selling your product or
service, but I'm certain that after you've read this guide, you will have
a better understanding of:

* Internet Tools & Techniques      * Business Resources on the Net
* Setting Up Shop on the Net       * Avoiding Net Marketing Pitfalls
* What business are on the Net     * Getting paid for your product


          To get your copy of:

  "100 COOL THINGS TO DO ON THE INTERNET!"
                   - or -
   "DOCTOR BOB'S INTERNET BUSINESS GUIDE"

Send just $5 each (cash, check or money order) plus a self-addressed,
stamped envelope to:

 -->  DOCTOR BOB
 -->  PO BOX 39, DEPT U3
 -->  TILLSON, NY 12486  USA

Outside the USA:  Skip the stamp, but please add $1 for postage.
And if it's too difficult to get US funds, send 12 International
Postal Coupons in lieu of payment.

I also accept NetCash!  For details on electronic payment, send e-mail
to netbank-info@agents.com with the keyword "netbank-intro" (minus the
quotes) on the first line of your note.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

                Copyright (c) 1994,  "Doctor Bob" Rankin

   All rights reserved.  Permission is granted to make and distribute
   verbatim copies of this document provided the copyright notice and
   this permission notice are preserved on all copies.  Feel free to
            upload to your favorite BBS or Internet server!


MAP26: IRC/MUDs/MOOs AND OTHER "TALKERS"


     "The future ain't what it used to be." -- Lawrence Peter "Yogi"
      Berra, attributed


I was trying to decide what I should write about IRC when I realized
that "the EFF's Guide to the Internet" probably had the most complete
discussion on IRC I have ever seen.

>From the EFF's Guide to the Internet:

Many Net systems provide access to a series of interactive
services that let you hold live "chats" or play online games with
people around the world.  To find out if your host system offers
these, you can ask your system administrator or just try them -- if
nothing happens, then your system does not provide them.  In general,
if you can use telnet and ftp, chances are good you can use these
services as well.

One of the most popular "chat" programs is Internet Relay Chat (IRC).

IRC is a program that lets you hold live keyboard conversations
with people around the world.  It's a lot like an international CB
radio  - it even uses 'channels.'  Type something on your computer and
it's instantly echoed around the world to whoever happens to be on the
same channel with you.  You can join in existing public group chats or
set up your own.  You can even create a private channel for yourself
and as few as one or two other people.  And just like on a CB radio,
you can give yourself a unique "handle" or nickname.

IRC currently links host systems in 20 different countries, from
Australia to Hong Kong to Israel.  Unfortunately, it's like telnet --
either your site has it or it doesn't.  If your host system does have it,
Just type

               irc

and hit enter.  You'll get something like this:


     *** Connecting to port 6667 of server world.std.com
     *** Welcome to the Internet Relay Network, adamg
     *** Your host is world.std.com, running version 2.7.1e+4
     *** You have new mail.
     *** If you have not already done so, please read the new user information
     *** with +/HELP NEWUSER
     *** This server was created Sat Apr 18 1992 at 16:27:02 EDT
     *** There are 364 users on 140 servers
     *** 45 users have connection to the twilight zone
     *** There are 124 channels.
     *** I have 1 clients and 3 servers
     MOTD - world.std.com Message of the Day -
     MOTD - Be careful out there...
     MOTD -
     MOTD - ->Spike
     * End of /MOTD command.
     ... snip snip snip ...


You are now in channel 0, the "null" channel, in which you can look
up various help files, but not much else. As you can see, IRC takes over
your entire screen.  The top of the screen is where messages will
appear.  The last line is where you type IRC commands and messages.  All
IRC commands begin with a /.  The slash tells the computer you are about
to enter a command, rather than a message. To see what channels are
available, type

                /list

and hit enter.  You'll get something like this:


     *** Channel    Users  Topic
     *** #Money     1      School CA$H (/msg SOS_AID help)
     *** #Gone      1      ----->> Gone with the wind!!!  ------>>>>>
     *** #mee       1
     *** #eclipse   1
     *** #hiya      2
     *** #saigon    4
     *** #screwed   3
     *** #z         2
     *** #comix     1      LET'S TALK 'BOUT COMIX!!!!!
     *** #Drama     1
     *** #RayTrace  1      Rendering to Reality and Back
     *** #NeXT      1
     *** #wicca     4      Mr. Potato Head, R. I. P.
     *** #dde^mhe`  1      no'ng chay? mo*? ...ba` con o*iiii
     *** #jgm       1
     *** #ucd       1
     *** #Maine     2
     *** #Snuffland 1
     *** #p/g!      4
     *** #DragonSrv 1


Because IRC allows for a large number of channels, the list might
scroll off your screen, so you might want to turn on your computer's
screen capture to capture the entire list.  Note that the channels
always have names, instead of numbers.  Each line in the listing tells
you the channel name, the number of people currently in it, and whether
there's a specific topic for it.  To switch to a particular channel,
type

                /join #channel

where "#channel" is the channel name and hit enter.  Some "public"
channels actually require an invitation from somebody already on it.  To
request an invitation, type

                /who #channel-name

where channel-name is the name of the channel, and hit enter.  Then ask
someone with an @ next to their name if you can join in.  Note that
whenever you enter a channel, you have to include the #.  Choose one
with a number of users, so you can see IRC in action.

If it's a busy channel, as soon as you join it, the top of your
screen will quickly be filled with messages.  Each will start with a
person's IRC nickname, followed by his message.

It may seem awfully confusing at first.  There could be two or
three conversations going on at the same time and sometimes the
messages will come in so fast you'll wonder how you can read them all.

Eventually, though, you'll get into the rhythm of the channel and
things will begin to make more sense.  You might even want to add your
two cents (in fact, don't be surprised if a message to you shows up on
your screen right away; on some channels, newcomers are welcomed
immediately).  To enter a public message, simply type it on that bottom
line (the computer knows it's a message because you haven't started the
line with a slash) and hit enter.

Public messages have a user's nickname in brackets, like this:

                <tomg>

If you receive a private message from somebody, his name will be
between asterisks, like this:

                *tomg*

Here are a few IRC commands that will probably come in handy:

     /away         When you're called away to put out a grease fire
                   in the kitchen, issue this command to let others know
                   you're still connected but just away from your terminal
                   or computer for awhile.

     /help         Brings up a list of commands for which there is a help
                   file. You will get a "topic:" prompt.  Type in the
                   subject for which you want information and hit enter.
                   Hit enter by itself to exit help.

     /invite       Asks another IRC to join you in a conversation.

                             /invite fleepo #hottub

                   would send a message to fleepo asking him to join you on
                   the #hottub channel.  The channel name is optional.

     /join         Use this to switch to or create a particular channel,
                   like this:

                             /join #hottub

                   If one of these channels exists and is not a private
                   one, you will enter it.  Otherwise, you have just
                   created it. Note you have to use a # as the first
                   character.

     /list         This will give you a list of all available public
                   channels, their topics (if any) and the number of users
                   currently on them.  Hidden and private channels are not
                   shown.

     /m name       Send a private message to that user.

     /mode         This lets you determine who can join a channel you've
                   created.

                             /mode #channel +s

                   creates a secret channel.

                             /mode #channel +p

                   makes the channel private

     /nick         This lets you change the name by which others see you.

                             /nick fleepo

                   would change your name for the present session to
                   fleepo. People can still use /whois to find your e-mail
                   address.  If you try to enter a channel where somebody
                   else is already using that nickname, IRC will ask you to
                   select another name.

     /query        This sets up a private conversation between you and
                   another IRC user.  To do this, type

                             /query nickname

                   Every message you type after that will go only to that
                   person.  If she then types

                            /query nickname

                   where nickname is yours, then you have established a
                   private conversation.  To exit this mode, type

                            /query

                   by itself.  While in query mode, you and the other
                   person can continue to "listen" to the discussion on
                   whatever public channels you were on, although neither
                   of you will be able to respond to any of the messages
                   there.

     /quit         Exit IRC.

     /signoff      Exit IRC.

     /summon       Asks somebody connected to a host system with IRC to
                   join you on IRC. You must use the person's entire e-mail
                   address.

                             /summon fleepo@foo.bar.com

                   would send a message to fleepo asking him to start IRC.
                   Usually not a good idea to just summon people unless you
                   know they're already amenable to the idea; otherwise you
                   may wind up annoying them no end. This command does not
                   work on all sites.

     /topic        When you've started a new channel, use this command to let
                   others know what it's about.

                             /topic #Amiga

                   would tell people who use /list that your channel is meant
                   for discussing Amiga computers.

     /who <chan>   Shows you the e-mail address of people on a particular
                   channel.

                             /who #foo

                   would show you the addresses of everybody on channel foo.

                             /who

                   by itself shows you every e-mail address for every person
                   on IRC at the time, although be careful: on a busy night
                   you might get a list of 500 names!

     /whois        Use this to get some information about a specific IRC
                   user or to see who is online.

                             /whois nickname

                   will give you the e-mail address for the person using
                   that nickname.

                             /whois *

                   will list everybody on every channel.

     /whowas       Similar to /whois; gives information for people who
                   recently signed off IRC.


IRC has become a new medium for staying on top of really big
breaking news.  In 1993, when Russian lawmakers barricaded themselves
inside the parliament building, some enterprising Muscovites and a couple
of Americans set up a "news channel" on IRC to relay first-person
accounts direct from Moscow. The channel was set up to provide a
continuous loop of information, much like all-news radio stations that
cycle through the day's news every 20 minutes.  In 1994, Los Angeles
residents set up a similar channel to relay information related to the
Northridge earthquake.  In both cases, logs of the channels were archived
somewhere on the Net, for those unable to "tune in" live.

How would you find such channels in the future?  Use the /list
command to scroll through the available channels.  If one has been set up
to discuss a particular breaking event, chances are you'll see a brief
description next to the channel name that will tell you that's the place
to tune. (1)

-----

Now some words from me:

If you site does not allow you to access IRC, there is still a way that
you can access other types of "talkers." All you have to do is telnet
into a MUD or a MOO.

"MUDs" are Multi-user Dungeons (or Multiple User Devices), and they were
originally created so that Dungeons and Dragons player could role play
in real-time with other players around the world.

MUDs are no longer limited to dragon-slaying, though. A large number of
MUDs have been set up for teaching purposes -- imagine my teaching Roadmap
*real time*, where you would see what I type as I type it -- and there
are even social MUDS where you can just sit and talk with people around
the world.

A list of the telnet addresses for several MUDs can be found in Yanoff's
List (which I told you about the other day). Most MUDs commands are
different from IRC commands -- the *commands* are different, but the basic
functions are identical -- but you will soon find that most MUDs have
an EXTENSIVE help menu system.

MOOs are "MUDs: Object-Oriented," and they are "text-based virtual reality
adventures." (2) It's hard to explain ... you'll just have to check it out.

There are four warnings that I want to give you about *all* of the "talkers":

     1. IRC, MUDs and MOOs are time *SPONGES*! They will suck up all of
        your time if you are not careful (I speak from experience --
        I have over 2 *DAYS* (that's 48 hours plus) login time on one
        of the social MUDs ... and that's only since June of this year!!)

     2. Most Internet service providers frown on your using their system
        to access a "chat" service during business hours (for obvious
        reasons). Please check to see what your provider's policies are
        *BEFORE* you join a talker.

     3. Chat services seem to be a magnet for liars. People pretend to be
        more than they are, and they will say whatever is necessary to boost
        their own "image." Please be careful, and consider EVERYTHING that
        you hear over a talker to be, at best, an exaggeration or, at worst,
        a bald-faced lie.

     4. If you see someone on one of the social MUDs named SimGod
        who says "ROLL TIDE" a lot, watch out ... he's a squirrel :)


SOURCES:

     (1) The EFF's Guide to the Internet, reprinted by permission
     (2) Internet User's Glossary at Gopher dewey.lib.ncsu.edu using
         the keyword: MUD

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: GUEST LECTURE

As we bring the Roadmap workshop to a close, I want to give you an
opportunity to think about what role the Internet will play in
education in the years to come.

I can think of no better person to speak on this topic than
Richard Smith.

"Richard Smith discovered the information resources of the Internet
while doing work as a Ph.D. student at the University of Pittsburgh.
He taught the use of the Internet in graduate courses and followed
these by giving workshops called "Navigating the Internet" in 1991.

In the summer of 1992, Smith decided to offer a course on Internet
training -- over the Internet -- hoping to get 30 or 40 people to
participate. A total of 864 people from more than 20 countries
registered for his "Navigating the Internet: An Interactive Workshop."
A second workshop drew more than 15,000 participants from more than
50 countries.

The result of these ground-breaking international workshops is that
Smith has trained literally thousands of people around the world in how
to use Internet resources. This led to Smith being dubbed the "Internet
Mentor" in the January 1993 issue of American Libraries. He plans to
do bigger and better Internet workshops in the future because he enjoys
offering a service that is much needed and appreciated." (1)

Ladies and Gentlemen, I am proud to introduce *my* mentor, Richard Smith:

-----

Patrick Crispen asked me to write a segment for his Roadmap
distance education workshop.  I'd like to give some general
thoughts on this new form of distance education and the new
technologies that are becoming a prominent force in the education
community.

Vice President Al Gore speaks about building an information
superhighway that will keep the United States competitive in the
world of growing high technology.  The National Information
Infostructure (NII) is already in the making which will include
present computer, television and telephone, and telecommunication
technology, and promises that it will be available to everyone as
every classroom, library, hospital and clinic in the country should
have access to the network. (Recently Post Offices!) It is now so
common that the comic strip Outland makes fun of it with their
cyberpunk characters and MTV, Nightline, FX and other commercial
entities are now on-line.

This new means of communications is predicted to change the pattern
of scholarly work.  From the computer at home or office the
educator can now access hundreds of library catalogs, journal
indexes, reference books, full text books and journal articles,
major art exhibits, employment notices, or federal government
information.  Communication with colleagues on topics as diverse as
diabetes research, history of the Ancient Mediterranean, women in
science and engineering, university administration or the
Pittsburgh Pirates take place daily. There are thousands of
discussion groups available on almost any imaginable topic.

While this network of networks has its beginnings in the 1970's, it
is only recently that this communication phenomenon has expanded
beyond the computer and information science fields.  Today
librarians, health professionals, historians, lawyers, and many
other professionals are finding the Internet a valuable research
and education tool; the largest growing segment of the Internet
community is commercial firms.

Yet an important impact of this network has yet to be developed--
the delivery of information in formal education.  There is now
being generated formal credited courses via the Internet that may
change the way that current distant education or distant learning
takes place.  This aspect of distance education will continue to
grow as the number of schools equipped with telecommunications
equipment and computers increase and costs of such equipment
decreases.

An initial attempt to use this network for education was an
experimental course attempted two years ago.  In the summer of 1992
I decided to offer a workshop on how to use this network, not in a
classroom or at a conference, but on-line over the Internet itself.
I expected 30 to 40 people to sign up and ended up with 864
participants.  The class consisted of e-mail instructions  for
accessing Internet resources and what to do once access was
achieved.  In theory, a person would read the e-mail in the morning
and follow the instructions for an hour to master the particular
segment being taught.  In reality, the three week course was a bit
much for most participants so that instructions were saved for
perusal at their convenience, a major advantage of this type of
distance education.

"Navigating the Internet: An Interactive Workshop" was so popular
that a second class was given within two months.  The announcement
for the second class allowed two weeks for registration.  The
registration had to be stopped when enrollment reached 15,000.
The last workshop given from the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh
"Navigating the Internet: Let's Go Gopherin'" (a popular Internet
interface) attracted 19,994 from 54 countries.

These informal basic e-mail courses demonstrate the potential of
this communication medium for distant education.  With the addition
of graphics, hypertext, compress video, sound and multimedia,
information distribution for educational courses in distance
education will be revolutionary.  Several universities are now
initiating degree programs that can be taken over the Internet.

Telecommunications technologies have provided a vast array of
teaching opportunities for educators and librarians charged with
providing information to students, staff, researchers and faculty.
The technology permits expanded communication among
teachers/student, and also provides a means of increasing
teacher/teacher and student/student communications.

Narrow casting for specific audiences and for specific subject
areas, both for formal credit courses and informal workshops, is an
option being considered by many educators and librarians.

Unlike traditional distance education systems which relied heavily
on print base materials supported by audiotape, telephone contact,
videotape, color slides, study pictures, or kits containing
samples, The Internet gives increased access to graphics, sound,
and video files via software like Mosaic, as well as real time
communications. Innovative computer and telecommunication
technologies' expand and enhance traditional distance education by
adding additional means of communication.

To be productive, distance education must be able to communicate
information between participants in an effective and efficient
manner.  Computer and telecommunication technologies are providing
unique ways to communicate, and examples of the benefits and
drawbacks of using these techniques are abundant in the literature.

Hiltz used computer-mediated communication as both an adjunct
function of supplementing traditional classroom instruction and as
a primary mode of course delivery for postsecondary education.
Electronic conferencing, where students answered questions and
reacted to other student responses produced communications in the
"virtual classroom" and was found to be a positive yet different
type of communications from the traditional classroom.  This change
in communication was noted by others where the experience showed
that communication within a paperless network tends to spread power
horizontally across the writing community, with instructor's
information equal to the student's, and every message, because of
identical font and identical screen size, commanding the same
respect when read by a student.

In a distance education class at Houston Community College System,
years of experience in giving credited courses by modem found that
distance education had several benefits over traditional classroom
instruction and older distance education courses.  Some of the
results showed these benefits:

(1)   Immediacy -- especially compared to print-based correspondence
      courses.
(2)   Sense of group identity -- the computer system became a
      meeting place for students.
(3)   Improved dialogue -- students correspond more than traditional
      classroom setting.
(4)   Improved instructor control -- the computer system can log
      activities.
(5)   Active learning -- student participation improved.

Finally, the Internet, provides a convenient means of delivering
information to thousand of people geographically dispersed and
removes barriers such as distance and cultural diversity that are
common in the traditional classroom educational setting.

For example, this segment was written in my house and transferred
to my local account in Louisiana via a 2,400 baud modem; I then
ftpped the document, in seconds, to my account in Pittsburgh;
finally, I e-mailed it to Patrick in Alabama who then distributed
it to you.  I co-authored a book, "Navigating the Internet" in
three months without ever meeting Mark Gibbs, the co-author in
California, or the Publisher, SAMS in Indianapolis. Distance
education is a bonus for the Instructor also.  "Let's Go Gopherin'"
was distributed from numerous locations, Ohio, Mississippi,
Pennsylvania, and other locations while I was on the road.

Distance education via electronic delivery is not a new concept.
Australia and the United Kingdom have made dramatic steps in
providing electronic information to a multitude of people via
telecommunications.  In the United States, with the explosive
growth of the Internet and the proposed National Research and
Education Network (NREN), it is now possible for delivery of
information in formal education in an economical and efficient
manner.

Of course, promises of new technologies that would impact education
have been made before and never reached their potential.  Public
television is the prime example.  Predicted to impact education
from k-12 to higher education, public television has only served as
a minor supplement to the traditional classroom setting.  Yet
today's technologies are entering not only the classroom, but are
commonly found on professors' and teachers' desks in their office
and even at home.  This easy access to the technology is mainly
responsible for its impact on education.

Higher education will play a vital role in Al Gore's vision of the
information superhighway. Major commercial telecommunication giants
such as MCI and Bell are changing the current Internet into an
information distribution system that is easy to use, providing
access for the general population.  Because of this widespread
access, the way we teach and pass on information to learners around
the world, with collaboration from educators from interdisciplinary
backgrounds and from diverse institutions and cultures, education
will change from the traditional teacher/classroom environment to
a virtual classroom with no walls.


NOTES

(Sorry,  pulled from several sources so not all in one style.)

Blaschke, Charles L. "Distance Learning: A Rapidly Growing State
Priority," Classroom Computer Learning October 1988  16.

Blumen, Goldie. "Many Attempts at 'Distance Learning' are Impeded
by Unforeseen Political and Financial Problems." The Chronicle of
Higher Education. October 23, 1991 a23-a24.

Boston, Roger L. (1992). "Remote Delivery of Instruction via the PC
and Modem: What Have we learned." The American Journal of Distance
Education, 6, 45-52.

Brown, John Seely. "Idea Amplifiers-New Kinds of Electronic
Learning Environments." Educational Horizons, 63 (Spring 1985):
108-112.

Clyde, Laurel. "Distance Education and the Challenges of Continuing
Professional Education," in Woolls, Blanche, ed., Continuing
Professional Education and IFLA:  Past, Present, and a Vision for
the Future:  papers from the IFLA CPERT Second World Conference on
Continuing Professional Education for the Library and Information
Science Professions.  Munich:  K.G. Saur, 1993, 24-33.

Dykman, Charlene Ann. "Electronic Mail Systems: An Analysis of the
Use/Satisfaction Relationship." (Ph.D. diss., University of
Houston, 1986).

Freshwater, M. R. (1985). "Development in the application of new
technology to the delivery of open learning." Technological
Horizons in Education, 12, 105-106.

Goldberg, Fred S (1988). "Telecommunications and The Classroom:
Where We've Been and Where We should Be Going."  The Computing
Teacher, May 26-30.

Hammond, Morrison F. "The Use of Telecommunications in Australian
Education." Technological Horizons in Education, 13 (April 1986):
74-76.

Hiltz, Starr Roxanne. "The 'Virtual Classroom': Using Computer-
Mediated Communication for University Teaching." Journal of
Communication, 36 (Spring 1986): 99-104.

Jones. Ann, Gill Kirkup, Adrian Kirkwood, and Robin Mason.  (1992)
"Providing Computing for Distance Learners: A Strategy for Home
Use."  Computers Education 18, 183-193.

Lautsch, John C. "Computers and Education: The Genie is Out of the
Bottle." Technological Horizons in Education, 8 (February 1981):
34-35.

Manock, John J. (April 1986) "Assessing the Potential Use of
Computer-Mediated Conferencing Systems as Educational Delivery
Systems." T.H.E. Journal, 13 77-80.

Miller, Dusty. "Trim Travel Budgets with Distance Learning,"
Training & Development September 1991 71-74.

O'Shea, Mark R., Kimmel, Howard., Novemsky, Lisa F. "Computer
Mediated Telecommunications and Pre-College Education: A
Retrospect." Journal of Educational Computing Research, 6 (No. 1
1990): 65.

Rogers, Gil. "Teaching a Psychology Course by Electronic Mail."
Social Science Computer Review, 7 (Spring 1989): 60-64.

Roper, Fred W. "Shaping Distance Education in Library and
Information Science Education Through Technology: The South
Carolina Model," in Woolls, Blanche, ed., Continuing Professional
Education and IFLA:  Past, Present, and a Vision for the Future:
papers from the IFLA CPERT Second World Conference on Continuing
Professional Education for the Library and Information Science
Professions.  Munich:  K.G. Saur, 1993, 34-40.

Schroeder, Raymond E. "Computer Conferencing: Exploding the
Classroom Walls." Technological Horizons in Education, 8 (February
1981): 46.

Smith, Richard J. "International Training on the Internet" in
Continuing Professional Education and IFLA: Past, Present, and a
vision for the Future. Papers from the IFLA CPERT Second World
Conference on Continuing Professional Education for the Library and
Information Science Professions.  A Publication of the Continuing
Professional Education Round Table (CPERT) of the International
Federation of Library Associations and Institutions.  Edited by
Blanche Woolls.  (London: K. G. Saur, 1993): 85-89.

Smith, Richard J. "The Electronic Information Course as an
Alternative Teaching Method,"  Research & Education Networking 2
(October 1991); 10-12.

Upitis, Rena. (1990) "Real and Contrived Uses of Electronic Mail in
Elementary Schools."  Computers Educ. 15 233-243.

Weingand, Darlene E. "Teleconferencing as a Continuing Education
Delivery System," in Woolls, Blanche, ed., Continuing Professional
Education and IFLA:  Past, Present, and a Vision for the Future:
papers from the IFLA CPERT Second World Conference on Continuing
Professional Education for the Library and Information Science
Professions.  Munich:  K.G. Saur, 1993, 48-58.

White, Mary Alice. "Synthesis of Research on Electronic Learning."
Educational Leadership, 40 (May 1983): 13-15.


Richard J. Smith
600 Wooddale Blvd. #101
Baton Rouge, LA 70806
504-926-7069
rjs@lis.pitt.edu


-----

My notes:

     (1) From "Navigating the Internet" by Mark Gibbs and Richard Smith

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP22: GOPHERMAIL


     "(T)he International Standards Organization (ISO) and the
      International Electrotechnical Commission (IEC) designated
      Oct. 14 as World Standards Day to recognize those volunteers
      who have worked hard to define international standards ....
      The United States celebrated World Standards Day on Oct. 11;
      Finland celebrated on Oct. 13; and Italy celebrated on Oct. 18"
      -- Open Systems Today, 10/31/94


One of the most frustrating experiences in the world is being told that
you can't do something. For those of you who only have "Level One"
Internet connectivity, this week must have been especially trying.

Fortunately, thanks to a server program called GopherMail, those of
you with Level One connectivity can now access all of the neat Gopher
sites we talked about this week using nothing but a simple e-mail letter

There are really just four basic steps to using GopherMail:

     1. You send an e-mail letter to a GopherMail server. In your letter
        to the GopherMail server, it really does not matter what you
        put in the subject line or the body of your letter, so long
        as you don't use the word "help" ("help" tells the GopherMail
        server to send you its help file).

     2. GopherMail responds to your letter by sending you its main
        Gopher menu in the body of an e-mail letter.

     3. You respond to this Gopher menu letter by forwarding it back to
        the GopherMail server after you have cleaned the letter up a
        little and marked which menu options you want the GopherMail
        server to send you.

     4. GopherMail responds to your response by sending the information
        that you requested. If what you have requested is another menu,
        GopherMail sends you the menu in the body of another e-mail
        letter, and the cycle keeps repeating itself :)


GopherMail sites are incredibly dynamic -- they appear and disappear
every second -- so any list of GopherMail sites is immediately outdated.
Nonetheless, here are the addresses of a few of the GopherMail servers
that were working recently (1):


     E-mail Address                            Location
     -----------------------------------       ---------------

     gophermail@calvin.edu                     Michigan (US)
     gopher@ucmp1.berkeley.edu                 California (US)
     gophermail@mercury.forestry.umn.edu       Minnesota (US)
     gopher@pip.shsu.edu                       Texas (US)
     gophermail@eunet.cz                       Czech Republic
     gopher@earn.net                           France
     gopher@ftp.technion.ac.il                 Israel
     gopher@solaris.ims.ac.jp                  Japan
     gopher@nig.ac.jp                          Japan
     gopher@nips.ac.jp                         Japan
     gopher@join.ad.jp                         Japan
     gomail@ncc.go.jp                          Japan
     gopher@dsv.su.se                          Sweden


Let's try one of these addresses and see what happens!

To keep Net traffic to a minimum, you should always use the server that
is closest to you. Since Texas is closer to Alabama than any of the
other locations, I am going to use the gopher@pip.shsu.edu address.

I send an e-mail letter to

     gopher@pip.shsu.edu

and leave the subject line and body blank (remember, it does not matter
what I put in body or the subject line, so why waste the effort?).

It may take the GopherMail server several hours to respond to my letter --
just like every other Internet server, GopherMail is almost always
incredibly overburdened -- but eventually I will receive the following
e-mail letter from the GopherMail server:


     Date: Fri, 7 Oct 1994 02:59:04 -0600
     From: gopher@pip.shsu.edu
     To: PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
     Subject: Sam Houston State University Gopher Server
     X-Menu: Max. 100 items/message

     Mail this file back to gopher with an X before the menu items that you
     want. If you don't mark any items, gopher will send all of them.
     For best results, remove this message and all e-mail headers above it
     prior to returning it to the GopherMail server.


           1.  Sam Houston State University Information/
           2.  Current Time and Weather in Huntsville, Texas, USA.
           3.  Daily Almanac (from UChicago).
           4.  Economics (SHSU Network Access Initiative Project)/
           5.  Information by Subject Area/
           6.  DEU Library Prototype Demonstration Area/
           7.  Network-based Information and References/
           8.  Other Gopher and Information Servers in the World/
           9.  TeX-related Materials/
           10. Literate Programming Library/
           11. VMS Gopher-related file library/
           12. Veronica (search menu items in most of GopherSpace)/
           13. Professional Sports Schedules from culine.Colorado.edu/
           14. anonymous ftp archives on Niord.SHSU.edu/
           15. anonymous ftp archives on ftp.shsu.edu/
           16.
           17. GopherMail -- Gopher via Electronic Mail!!.


COOLNESS!!

This is a *real* Gopher menu. Just like the UNIX Gopher server examples
we looked at earlier this week, entries that have "/" at the end of
them are menus, and entries that have a "." at the end of them are
documents.

The only difference between this Gopher menu and one that I access
through a Gopher client or through Telnet is that I have to send my
responses back to the GopherMail server before my responses can be
processed.

Notice that the letter tells me to "remove this message and all e-mail
headers above it prior to returning it to the GopherMail server." If
I don't do this, I run the chance of getting an error message from
the GopherMail server when I forward the letter back to the server.

(In MAP04: E-MAIL, I asked you to contact your local Internet service
provider to learn how to "include text in a reply (and how to edit
this text)." You *NEED* to know how to do this if you want to use
GopherMail).

Before I send the letter back to the GopherMail server, I need
to mark which menu item(s) I want to select. To do this, I put
an "X" next to the menu item(s) that I want the GopherMail server
to send back to me:


           1.  Sam Houston State University Information/
           2.  Current Time and Weather in Huntsville, Texas, USA.
           3.  Daily Almanac (from UChicago).
           4.  Economics (SHSU Network Access Initiative Project)/
           5.  Information by Subject Area/
           6.  DEU Library Prototype Demonstration Area/
           7.  Network-based Information and References/
        X  8.  Other Gopher and Information Servers in the World/
           9.  TeX-related Materials/
           10. Literate Programming Library/
           11. VMS Gopher-related file library/
           12. Veronica (search menu items in most of GopherSpace)/
           13. Professional Sports Schedules from culine.Colorado.edu/
           14. anonymous ftp archives on Niord.SHSU.edu/
           15. anonymous ftp archives on ftp.shsu.edu/
           16.
           17. GopherMail -- Gopher via Electronic Mail!!.


Hopefully, this will send me a menu that looks like the "Other
Gopher Servers" menu that we used earlier this week.

I mail the menu back to the GopherMail server. Eventually, I get the
following reply:


     Date: Fri, 7 Oct 1994 03:18:03 -0600
     From: gopher@pip.shsu.edu
     To: PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
     Subject: Other Gopher and Information Servers in the World
     X-Menu: Max. 100 items/message

     Mail this file back to gopher with an X before the menu items that you
     want. If you don't mark any items, gopher will send all of them.
     For best results, remove this message and all e-mail headers above it
     to returning it to the GopherMail server.


           1.  All the Gopher Servers in the World/
           2.  Search All the Gopher Servers in the World <?> (Send keywords in
               Subject:)
           3.  Search titles in Gopherspace using veronica/
           4.  Africa/
           5.  Asia/
           6.  Europe/
           7.  International Organizations/
           8.  Middle East/
           9.  North America/
           10. Pacific/
           11. Russia/
           12. South America/
           13. Terminal Based Information/
           14. Texas-based Gopher Servers/
           15. VMS-based Gopher Servers/
           16. WAIS Based Information/
           17. Gopher Server Registration.


YIPPEE!! This menu *IS* like the menu that we used earlier this
week!! SURAnet, here I come ...

Nah ... I wouldn't do that to you again :)

One last thing, and I will send you home for the weekend: to do a
Veronica or a Phonebook search using GopherMail, put the keyword
in the subject line of the letter that you send back to the
GopherMail server.


HOMEWORK:

     -  Have a great weekend!

     -  I've decided to be kind and move the pop quiz to next week.
        You may want to review FTP and Gopher just to be on the
        safe side, though.

     -  If you do NOT have regular Gopher access through a client
        or through Telnet, play around with GopherMail. You may
        want to get the help document too by putting the word
        "help" in the body of your initial letter to the GopherMail
        server.

SOURCES:

     (1) from Yanoff's List (10/15/94), Veronica searches with the
         keyword "GopherMail", and letters posted to NETTRAIN by
         Glee Willis and Thomas Copley

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: BACK LESSON ARCHIVE


Can you believe that we have been at this for over a MONTH?
Gee, and there is only one week left :(

Here is a list of all of the lessons that I have sent out so
far:

          WEEK1
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

          WEEK3
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP08     LESSON    USENET
          MAP09     LESSON    SPAMMING AND URBAN LEGENDS
          MAP10     LESSON    INTERNET SECURITY
          MAP11     LESSON    TELNET (PART ONE)
          MAP12     LESSON    TELNET (PART TWO)

          WEEK4
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP13     LESSON    FTP (PART ONE)
          MAP14     LESSON    FTP (PART TWO)
          MAP15     LESSON    FTPMAIL
          MAP16     LESSON    FTP FILE COMPRESSION
          QUIZ1Q    LESSON    POP QUIZ
          MAP17     LESSON    ARCHIE
          MAP17B    LESSON    FTP SITES
          QUIZ1A    LESSON    POP QUIZ ANSWERS

          WEEK5
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP18     LESSON    GOPHER (PART ONE)
          MAP19     LESSON    GOPHER (PART TWO)
          MAP20     LESSON    BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS
          MAP21     LESSON    VERONICA
          MAP22     LESSON    MAP22: GOPHERMAIL

If you are missing any of these lessons, there are TWO ways
that you can have the lessons sent to you: in individual files,
or in one-week blocks.

If you have a small e-mail box, or if you only want to retrieve
a particular Roadmap workshop lesson (say, for example, a lesson
that you have accidentally thrown away), you can send an e-mail
letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET FILENAME FILETYPE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the words FILENAME
and FILETYPE with the filename and filetype for the particular
lesson that you want to retrieve.

What is a "filename" and "filetype?" Well, look at the following
chart:

          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

The filename appears in the first column, and the filetype appears
in the second column. So, the filename and filetype for the
"WELCOME" message would be MAP01 LESSON, and the filename and
filetype for the "LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS" lesson would
be MAP02 LESSON

That's pretty easy. If you want to retrieve the lesson on LISTSERV
file server commands, you would send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET MAP02 LESSON F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the lesson(s)
that you request!

You can also get the lessons e-mailed to you in one week blocks
simply by sending an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK# PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the # with the week
number of the block that you want to retrieve.

For example, to get all of these "WEEK2" files e-mailed to you

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

all you have to do is send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

with the command

               GET WEEK2 PACKAGE F=MAIL

in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter off,
a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the particular
one-week block of lessons that you request.

I do need to ask you a favor, though. Please only get one week's
lessons at a time. I know that there is a great temptation for you
to get all of the lessons at once, but that will place a great
deal of strain on the University of Alabama's system. The University
of Alabama has been kind enough to store these lessons so that
you can retrieve them -- we need to repay their kindness by
keeping the demand on their system to a minimum.

Oh, and before I forget, here is a list of the lessons that I will
be sending you next week:

          M 3/13     MAP23: WWW (PART ONE)
          T 3/14     MAP24: WWW (PART TWO)
                     POP QUIZ
          W 3/15     MAP25: ADDRESSES SEARCHES AND FINGER
                     MAP-EXTRA: NEAT STUFF TO CHECK OUT
                     MAP-EXTRA: ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET
          R 3/16     MAP26: IRC/MUDs/MOOs AND OTHER "TALKERS"
                     GUEST LECTURE -- RICHARD SMITH
                     POP QUIZ ANSWERS
          F 3/17     MAP27: THE FUTURE ...

Have a GREAT (and safe) weekend :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP23: WWW


               "Ah! the clock is always slow;
                It is later than you think."
                -- Robert W. Service, It is Later Than You Think


I wish I had six weeks just to talk about the World Wide Web (a.k.a.
WWW or "the Web."). If you think Gopher is neat, wait until you start
playing around on the Web :)

Unfortunately, I *don't* have six weeks to talk about the Web -- I only
have two days. Because of this, we are going to go through the Web like
Sherman went through Georgia (1).

That's the bad news. The good news is that there are a lot of REALLY good
Web guides available, and I am even seriously considering developing my own
Web workshop that I will offer *late* this year (2).

Until that time comes, however, let's talk about the BASICS of the Web.

Last week I showed you how most Gopher menus are linked together. We
started out in the gopher.squirrel.com root menu, and eventually ended
up at the SURAnet gopher menu. We were able to do this because the
menus that we travelled through had links to menus and files that were
located at other Gopher sites.

Because Gopher menus are linked together, a whole world of information
is available to us with just a few keystrokes!

Imagine if we were able to take these links one step further. Instead
of linking menus, we could link *DOCUMENTS* together. You could read
one document, find a keyword in that document that really interests
you, touch that keyword, and automatically be taken to a NEW document
somewhere else in the world -- and this new document could even have
links to OTHER documents around the world, and so on.

Sound too good to be true? It isn't, thanks to something called
"hypertext." If you have ever played with Apple's Hypercard program
or the "help" menus in the latest Microsoft packages, you have already
experienced hypertext. You "select" a highlighted word -- usually by
clicking on it with a mouse -- and you are taken into an entirely
new document or help screen.

The World Wide Web is based on hypertext. It is possible for you to
go roaming around the Web, bouncing from document to document, using
nothing but the links in those documents!

Just as you can access Gopherspace through a Gopher server or client,
you can access the Web through something called a "browser." A browser
can read documents, fetch documents, access files by FTP, read Usenet
newsgroups, telnet into remote sites, and even travel around Gopherspace.
In short, everything that we have talked about over the past three weeks
can be done using nothing but a Web browser!

The Web is able to accomplish all of this thanks to something called
URLs ("earls") -- Universal Resource Locators. URLs list the exact
location of *ANY* Internet resource.

If you think about it, giving every Internet resource a unique
address is the hard part. Once you have given something an address,
linking to it is pretty easy :)

What is really special about the Web is that the Web does all of this
"behind the scenes." It is possible for you to bounce from one link to
another without ever knowing the exact address of where you are, or
even how you got there.

If you ever want to jump *directly* to a particular Internet resource,
however, you are going to need to know a little bit more about URLs.
Here are a few basic URLs:

     file://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors/msdos/graphics/gifkit.zip
     ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors
     http://info.cern.ch:80/default.html
     news:alt.hypertext
     telnet://dra.com

Gee ... those look a little like FTP addresses, don't they?

The first part of an URL -- the stuff before the colon -- tells the
browser how to access that particular file. For example, to access

     ftp://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors

your browser would use FTP.

Most of the access methods are pretty straight-forward. Here is a list
of some of the more common access methods that you are going to see
listed in the first part of URLs:

          method        what it stands for
          ------        ---------------------------------------

          ftp           File Transfer Protocol
          file          File Transfer Protocol (same as ftp)
          news          Internet News Protocol (Usenet)
          gopher        Gopher
          telnet        Telnet
          http          Hypertext Transport Protocol


We've used all of these before, except for http. If you ever see a
URL with http at the beginning of it, that means that the file is
a hypertext document (with hypertext links to other documents).

The rest of a URL -- the stuff after the colon -- is the address of
that particular file. In general, two slashes (//) after the colon
indicates a machine name or address.

For example,

     file://wuarchive.wustl.edu/mirrors/msdos/graphics/gifkit.zip

is the URL for an FTP file at wuarchive.wustl.edu, and

     http://info.cern.ch:80/default.html

is the URL for a hypertext document at info.cern.ch, port 80.


TOMORROW:   - How to access the Web by telnet
            - Where you can obtain a Web browser (for those of you
              with Level 3 connectivity and a SLIP or PPP connection)
            - Doing some simple searches using the Web
            - The difference between the Web and Mosaic (Mosaic is
              just a browser that lets you access the Web).

HOMEWORK:

     If you are planning on becoming a SERIOUS Web guru, I have
     placed the WWW FAQ on the file server at the University of
     Alabama. It is broken into two parts:

          filename  filetype
          --------  --------
          WWW       FAQ1
          WWW       FAQ2

     You can use the GET command to get it (remember, do not
     reply to this letter -- you MUST write a new letter to the
     LISTSERV with your GET commands).

SOURCES:

     WWW FAQ, 8 August 1994.


NOTES:

(1)  General William Tecumseh Sherman was the Union Army General
     who burned a path 100 miles wide from Atlanta to the sea during
     the U.S. Civil War.

(2)  Kristen Burke, a friend of mine at the University, recently heard
     me promise that after this workshop I would *NEVER* do anything like
     this again. She bet me that I would change my mind. She won :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: QUICK UPDATE


There is a very slim chance that one or two of the lessons this week
may be a little late.  Please accept my apologies for this.

Also, by request, I have a quick penguin update from Mike at
Mawson Station, Antarctica.  Our little black and white friends
have picked themselves up off of their backsides and have moved
off onto the packice. According to Mike, the temperature at
Mawson station is a balmy -16 C with 35 knot winds.

I still haven't heard from Davis Station, Antarctica, though.
Perhaps the polar squirrels got them :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP24: WWW (PART TWO)


     "I love to sail forbidden seas, and land on barbarous coasts."
      -- Herman Melville, Moby-Dick


Back to work.

Yesterday I told you that "URLs" is pronounced "earls." In fact, a lot
of people still use the initials and call them "U-R-Ls." I personally
prefer calling them "earls" because "earls" rhymes with "squirrels,"
but the choice of what you call them is completely up to you :)

Let's take a look at how a sample WWW browser works. There are three
basic types of WWW browsers available: line-mode browsers, full screen
browsers (like Lynx), and graphical browsers (like Mosaic).

Line-mode browsers are about as user un-friendly as you can get.
This is hard to describe, but line-mode browsers work a little
like FTP inasmuch as you type a command, get some information
on your screen, type a new command, get some more information, and
so on ...

A full screen browser puts a menu on your screen that looks a little like
the Gopher menus that we saw last week. You move the cursor up and down
the screen, select a highlighted link, press enter or return, and you
are automatically taken to a new document or file (your fill screen
browser may work differently than this, though).

Graphical browsers allow you to access not only text, but also pictures
and sound (a.k.a. "hypermedia"). In fact, these pictures can be put in Web
documents (a.k.a. Web pages), making that Web page look less like a
Gopher menu and more like a page from a color magazine! Most graphical
browsers use a mouse, and you point-and-click on a highlighted link to
access it.

The URL for the sample Web page that we are going to use today is

          http://ua1vm.ua.edu/~vmhttpd/index.html

and I am going to be using the UF WWW Browser for CMS to access this
page. I'll talk a little more about how you can access a WWW browser
in a few minutes, but I first want to show you what a basic Web page
looks like.

The UF WWW Browser for CMS is the browser that my service provider
uses, and it is a full screen browser. The browser that you use -- if
you can even access a WWW browser -- will probably look and work a
little differently than what you will see in this example.

Finally, in real life my browser highlights the links by making them
a different color than the rest of the text. There is no way for me to
use different colors in this letter, so I have highlighted the links
in this example by surrounding them with a (* *).

Just like I can access an item in a Gopher menu by pointing at it and
selecting it, I can access a WWW link by pointing at it and selecting
it.

Enough talk. Time for the example.

I access my provider's WWW browser, and the following appears on my
screen:


     Albert 1.2.0 (UF WWW Browser for CMS)    Screen 1 of 2 (more screens)
     Viewing=http://ua1vm.ua.edu/~vmhttpd/index.html
     Title=UA1VM WWW Home Page
             Welcome to The University of Alabama's CMS WWW Server

     This CMS server is still under development. Any (*comments*)
     or (*suggestions*) will be greatly appreciated. Thank you.

     Gopher Sites:
        - (*UA1VM CMS Gopher Server*)
        - (*UA1IX AIX/370 Gopher Server*)
        - (*RISC/6000 Gopher Server*)
        - (*RICEVM1 CMS Gopher Server*)
     Telnet Sessions:
        - (*UA1VM.UA.EDU*)
        - (*UA1IX.UA.EDU - Line Mode*)
        - (*RISC.UA.EDU - Line Mode*)
     WWW Sites:
        - The University of Alabama Libraries (*WWW*)
        - The University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign (*WWW*)
        - The Alabama Supercomputer Network (*WWW*)
        - NASA Information Services via (*WWW*)
     Leisure:
        - (*Intertext Magazine*) - Electronic Fictional Magazine at The
          University of Michigan
        - (*Wiretap*) - a gopher to Cupertino, California
        - (*NNR*) - UA1VM's Network News Reader
     Other Neat Stuff:
        - The University of Alabama Library's On-Line (*Card Catalog*)
        - a (*map*) of The University of Alabama campus
        ... snip snip snip ...


COOL!

I can select any of these links -- the words set apart from the rest
of the text with a (* *) -- and be transported to that particular link.
>From this one Web page, I can access Gopher, telnet, and even other
Web pages! (I can also access FTP, although this page does not show
it).

We've seen a lot of Gopher and telnet recently. Let's take a look at
another Web page. Since I used to be a Simulations Director at the
United States Space Camp (did I forget to tell you that?), I'm going
to move my cursor down to the (*WWW*) link next to "NASA Information
Services", press enter, and see what happens:


     Albert 1.2.0 (UF WWW Browser for CMS)    Screen 1 of 2 (more screens)
     Viewing=http://hypatia.gsfc.nasa.gov/NASA_homepage.html
     Title=NASA Information Services via World Wide Web
     National Aeronautics and Space Administration

     NASA Logo

     (*World Wide Web (WWW) information services*)

     (*Hot Topics*)  NASA news and subjects of public interest
     (*NASA Strategic Plan*)
     (*NASA Strategies, Policies, and Public Affairs*)
     (*NASA Online Educational Resources*)
     (*NASA Information Sources by Subject*)
     ... snip snip snip ...


This is certainly more interesting than SURAnet! ;)

>From this Web page I can access OTHER Web pages, and from those Web pages
I can access even MORE Web pages, and so on ...

Yesterday I told you that it is possible for you to connect directly
to a specific Internet resource so long as you know the resource's
URL. *HOW* you do that depends on the browser that you use.

For the line-mode browser at CERN, for example, the command to connect
to a particular URL is

          GO <URL>

replacing <URL> with the URL of the Internet resource that you want
to access. In Lynx, you just select the "GO" link on the browser's
start-up page; in most graphical browsers (like Mosaic), there is
usually an "Open URL" option in one of the menus. (1)

Before you can do this, however, you have to first access the Web.
There are three ways that you can do this:

     1. Through a browser stored on your local Internet service provider's
        machine. Ask your provider if your site has a Web browser, and how
        you can access it.

     2. Through a browser stored on your own machine. Until recently,
        you had to have a SLIP or PPP connection to do this. Some
        providers -- providers who FLOODED my mailbox when I did
        not talk about the special Level 2.0002746278546723 access
        that they offer -- now allow you to store a Web browser on
        your own machine even though you only have Level 2 access.

        If you do not have a SLIP or PPP connection, contact your
        provider BEFORE you store a Web reader on your own computer
        and double-check that your provider will support the browser.
        *MOST* service providers can NOT support a Web browser unless
        you have a SLIP or PPP connection.

     3. Through a telnet connection to a publicly-accessible Web
        browser.

If you have a SLIP or a PPP connection, the WWW FAQ that I have stored on
the University of Alabama's LISTSERV file server (WWW FAQ1) has a list
of FTP sites where you can get specific Web browsers.

(Do me a favor ... re-read that last sentence. Did you EVER think you
would understand a sentence like that? Isn't this workshop COOL?!!)

If you do not have access to a Web browser through your site, you may
still be able to access a Web browser through telnet. The following are
a couple of the public Web sites: (1)

     telnet address            comments
     --------------            -----------------------
     info.cern.ch              No password is required. This is in
                               Switzerland, so U.S. users might be
                               better off using a closer browser.

     www.cc.ukans.edu          The "Lynx" full screen browser, which
                               requires a vt100 terminal. Login as www.
                               Does not allow users to "go" to arbitrary
                               URLs.

     www.njit.edu              Login as www. A full-screen browser at
                               the New Jersey Institute of Technology.

     sun.uakom.cs              Slovakia. Has a slow link, so only use
                               from nearby.

     info.funet.fi             Login as www. Offers several browsers,
                               including Lynx (goto option disabled
                               there too).

     fserv.kfki.hu             Hungary. Has a slow link, so use from
                               nearby. Login as www.


Once you are on the Web, it is possible for you to do keyword searches
(much like the Veronica searches we did last week) using one of the
Web's many search engines. One of the best Web search engines is the
WebCrawler. The WebCrawler's URL is

     http://www.biotech.washington.edu/WebQuery.html

and the WebCrawler searches for documents whose title *AND CONTENT*
match your keyword.

Another Web search engine you probably will want to check out is
the World Wide Web Worm. The Worm's URL is

     http://www.cs.colorado.edu/home/mcbryan/WWWW.html

The Worm is not at thorough as the WebCrawler, but it is still a
pretty competent search engine.

Both of these search engines provide really good on-line help and instructions.

One last thing, and I am though for today. Please remember:

     - The "Web" is the collection of all of the files and information
       that can be accessed by a Web browser.

     - Mosaic and Lynx and just BROWSERS that allow you to access the
       Web.


SOURCES

     (1)  WWW FAQ Part 1 - August 94, available from the University
          of Alabama's LISTSERV file server (GET WWW FAQ1 F=MAIL).

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: POP QUIZ #2


     "The Golden Age of the Net was last year. The Golden Age
      of the Net was *ALWAYS* last year!!" -- Rev. Bob "Bob" Crispen


This is going to be fun! This quiz only has four questions, but the
questions require you to use the Internet to find the answers >:)

Again, do not send your answers to me. This exam is self-graded, and
the answers will be posted on FRIDAY (I want to give you plenty of
time to complete this exam).


     1. There are literally THOUSANDS of files available through FTP
        that have the .TXT file extension. Tell me the exact location
        of just one of these files (hint: see MAP17).










     2. Rick Gates has a monthly competition called "The Internet Hunt."
        The Hunt asks ten of the most contrived questions you have ever
        seen, and the Hunt's participants have to find the answers using
        nothing but the Internet (and they also have to show where they
        found the answers).

        Come to think of it, the Internet Hunt is a lot like this pop
        quiz ... hmmmm ....

        I have heard that Rick places the Hunt results on the CICNET Gopher
        server (gopher.cic.net) in Michigan (U.S.)

        I am interested in the Hunt results. In particular, I am interested
        in May, 1994 results.

        Who won the May 1994 Internet Hunt in the individual category? :)
        (Note: you may want to bookmark the main Internet Hunt menu --
        it is a WONDERFUL Internet training resource).










     3. I just tried a Veronica search and I got an "Empty Menu" error
        for a file that I *KNOW* exists. I should call my local Internet
        service provider and complain, right? Explain your answer :)










     4. I want to subscribe to a LISTSERV list. The list's address is
        NAVIGATE@UBVM

        Tell me what I need to do.









     BONUS: What *IS* Clifford Stoll's next book going to be about?
     (One of the questions above gives you enough information to find
     the answer).

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP25: ADDRESS SEARCHES AND FINGER


     "A man without an address is a vagabond; a man with two
      addresses is a libertine." -- George Bernard Shaw


I have *four* account addresses. What does that make me? (1)

My *main* address is PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU (stop laughing ... it's NOT
funny). I also have a UNIX account address (PCRISPE1@UA1IX.UA.EDU), a
P-MAIL address (PCRISPE1@SSS.CBA.UA.EDU), and I even have an address on
America Online (CRISPEN@AOL.COM).

The *only* address that I use regularly is PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU

When I was writing the lesson plans for last week's Gopher lessons,
I logged on to my UNIX account (PCRISPE1@UA1IX.UA.EDU) just to brush
up on some commands. I had not used my UNIX account in over two
years (I personally do not like UNIX, and I try to avoid using it
as much as is humanly possible) (2)

Sitting in my UNIX account's mailbox were three letters. Each letter
was written by someone who said they found my address using an e-mail
address search. One of the letters was SIX MONTHS old.

As you can see from the above story, e-mail address searches may not be
100% accurate. You may get a working e-mail address, but there is no
guarantee that the address that you get will be on a system that the
person that you want to talk to still uses.

The moral of my story is this: while it would be great if you could just
type a few commands on your screen and get the e-mail address of
anyone in the world, the *BEST* way to find someone's e-mail address
is to call them on the telephone and ASK them for it.

However, it would be cruel for me to tell you that it is possible
for you to do an e-mail address search (however flawed such a search
might be) and then not show you how to do one of these searches :)

There are several different e-mail address search tools. I am going to
show you one of them -- whois.

The "whois" directory is one of the most popular e-mail search tools.
'The whois directory provides names, e-mail and postal mail addresses
and often phone numbers for people listed in it. To use it, telnet to

               internic.net

No log-on is needed (you can also use whois through Gopher -- check out
the University of Minnesota's gopher server in the "phone books" menu).

Once you have accessed the telnet site, the quickest way to conduct a
whois address search is to type

               whois <name>

at the prompt, replacing <name> with the last name or organization name
that you are looking for.' (3)

Let's check-up on the President of the United States! I type

               whois Clinton

and the following appears on my screen:


     Whois: whois Clinton
     Clinton Cadillac (NET-C106755)  C106755                198.249.102.0
     Clinton Central School (AGCC-DOM)                      AGCC.COM
     Clinton Group, Inc. (CLINTON-DOM)                      CLINTON.COM
     Clinton High School (NET-CLINTONHS-NET) CLINTONHS-NET  192.239.138.0
     Clinton, Tom J. (TJC2)      tjclinton@PIPTRONIX.COM    416 289 1895


Bummer ... No "Bill."

However, I did get some neat information. Let's take a closer look at two
of these entries:

     Clinton Group, Inc. (CLINTON-DOM)                      CLINTON.COM
     Clinton, Tom J. (TJC2)      tjclinton@PIPTRONIX.COM    416 289 1895

The first entry is an entry for a site. "Clinton Group, Inc." is the
real-life name of this particular site. The "CLINTON-DOM" part is
just a "handle" that the whois database uses to identify this entry.
The last part is the site's Internet address (in other words, the
e-mail address for someone who works for the Clinton Group would be
USER@CLINTON.COM (where USER is replaced with the person's login id)).

The second entry is for a person named Tom J. Clinton. Again, the entry
has a handle (TJC2). This entry also has two new items: Tom's e-mail
address, and his telephone number (btw, this is just an example -- the
e-mail address and telephone number listed above will not work).

Let's keep looking for the President. I can use an e-mail address as
a search keyword, so I type

               Whois president@whitehouse.gov

and the following appears on my screen:


     Whois president@whitehouse.gov
     No match for mailbox "PRESIDENT@WHITEHOUSE.GOV"


Gee ... that's odd. I *know* that president@whitehouse.gov is the
correct e-mail address. What happened?

To add to the problem of "inaccurate" addresses that we discussed
a few minutes ago, most e-mail address databases are far from complete.
Heck, this whois directory does not even have an entry for *ME*!

Again, if you want to find someone's e-mail address, the best way to
get it is to ASK that person for their address!!


FINGER

"Finger is a handy little program which lets you find out more about
people on the Net -- and lets you tell others on the Net more about
yourself.

Finger uses the same concept as telnet or FTP, but it works with only
one file, called .plan (yes, with a period in front). This is a text
file an Internet user creates with a text editor in his home directory.
(If you local Internet service provider allows it), you can put your
phone number in there, tell a little bit about yourself, or write
almost anything at all." (3)

If you local Internet service provider allows you to use finger -- and
a lot don't, for reasons we will soon see -- all you need to do to
read someone else's plan is type

          finger <user@address>

replacing <user@address> with the e-mail address of the person that you
want to finger.

For example, if I type

          finger pcrispe1@ua1ix.ua.edu

(my UNIX account address), the following appears on my screen:

      ua1ix.ua.edu
     Login name: pcrispe1@ua1ix.ua.edu         In real life: Patrick Crispen
     Directory: /u/as/econ/pcrispe1            Shell: /bin/sh
     On since Nov 09 06:27:38 on ttyp0 at ua1ix from ua1vm.ua.edu ...
     No plan.

Boring!

Let's finger someone else. I type

          finger coke@cs.cmu.edu

and the following appears on my screen:


      L.GP.CMU.EDU
      Login: coke                             Name: Drink Coke
      Directory: /usr/coke                    Shell: /usr/local/bin/tcsh
      Last login Wed Oct 12 14:27 (EDT) on ttyp1 from PTERO.SOAR.CS.CMU.EDU
      Mail came on Tue Nov  8 13:35, last read on Tue Nov  8 13:35
      Plan:
      Thu Sep 29 17:33:39 1994
      M&M validity: 0         Coke validity: 0 (e.g. data interface is down)
      Exact change required for coke machine.
          M & M                      Buttons
         /-----\
         |     |           C: CCCCCCCCCCCC...........
         |**   |        C: CCCCCC......   D: CCCCCC......
         |*****|        C: CCCCCC......   D: CCCCCC......
         |*****|        C: CCCCCC......   D: CCCCCC......
         \-----/                          C: CCCCCC......
            |                             S: CCCCCC......
            |        Key:
            |          0 = warm;  9 = 90% cold;  C = cold;  . = empty
            |          Leftmost soda/pop will be dispensed next
         ---^---


Huh?? The story, as best as I can remember it, is that the people who
worked at the Computer Science department at Carnegie-Mellon University
in Pittsburgh were sick and tired of having to go down several flights
of stairs only to discover that their Coke machine was empty. So, they
hooked the Coke machine up to the Internet.

Using a finger command, they could tell how many Cokes were in the machine,
and they could even tell if the Cokes were cold or not (the M&M machine
came later).

The neat thing about this is that ANYONE with access to finger can finger
the CMU Coke machine and discover how many Cokes there are in this one
vending machine in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania :)

While this is funny -- and there are a lot of other neat things that you
can find using finger -- there is a problem. According to the Chronicle
of Higher Education

     Many college and university computer system administrators are
     responding to rising concerns over misuse of the Finger tool with
     modifications that restrict the information users can glean, and
     some have eliminated it altogether. Critics note the tool violates
     privacy -- it provides information about where people are logging
     on and when they're doing it -- and security -- crackers can use
     it to obtain information that can help them break into computer
     accounts ... (4)

Don't be shocked if you try to finger someone and it does not work.
If you site does not have a finger program, you can still finger someone
by sending an e-mail letter to

          jfesler@netcom.com

with the command

          #finger <user@address>

in the SUBJECT LINE of your letter (NOTE: do *NOT* put the command in
the body of your letter), replacing <user@address> with the e-mail
address of the person that you want to finger.

You should receive a response about a day later.

You can also try to finger someone using telnet (but I have *yet* to get
this to work from here). If the person's address is user@site, telnet
to

          <site> 79

replacing <site> with the site's address. Once connected, type the
username.


HOMEWORK:

     - In a few minutes, I am going to send you a list of neat stuff
       that you should check out. One of the things you should check
       out is the "Special Internet Connections" list written by
       Scott Yanoff. The list contains the addresses of SEVERAL
       neat finger addresses.

COMMENTS

     (1) *BESIDES* a squirrel!!!
     (2) This is a personal problem, and I promise to seek the necessary
         professional counseling that I need (so PLEASE don't write me).
     (3) Adapted from the "EFF's Guide to the Internet" and reprinted
         by permission.
     (4) Chronicle of Higher Education 7/13/94 A15, as reprinted in
         Edupage 07.14.94

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: NEAT STUFF TO CHECK OUT


     "(E)rror of opinion may be tolerated where reason is left
      free to combat it." -- Thomas Jefferson, First Inaugural
      Address (1801)

     "Jefferson obviously was never on Usenet." -- Patrick Crispen


The workshop is rapidly drawing to a close. Before I turn you loose
on the Net, there are a few neat sites and resources that I want to
recommend:


EDUPAGE

     EDUPAGE is a "summary of news items on information technology,
     and is provided three times each week as a service by Educom --
     a consortium of leading colleges and universities seeking to
     transform education through the use of information technology."

     EDUPAGE does not talk about education, but it does give one
     paragraph summaries of technology stories printed in leading
     newspapers and magazines. (EDUPAGE is a *distribution* list,
     much like the Roadmap list. You can't *send* letters to the
     EDUPAGE list, you can only *receive* letters from the EDUPAGE
     list).

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through e-mail:     send an e-mail letter to LISTPROC@EDUCOM.EDU
                              which says SUB EDUPAGE <YOUR NAME> in the body
                              of your e-mail letter.


NEW-LIST

     This LISTSERV list is the place where new LISTSERV lists are
     announced. (NEW-LIST is a distribution list, not a discussion
     list). If you want to keep up to date on new LISTSERV lists,
     NEW-LIST is for you!

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through e-mail:     send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@NDSUVM1.BITNET
                              which says SUBSCRIBE NEW-LIST <YOUR NAME> in
                              the body of your letter.


SPECIAL INTERNET CONNECTIONS

     Also known as "Yanoff's List," this is a list of hundreds of
     Internet resources that are available through e-mail, telnet,
     FTP, Gopher, Finger, and the Web.  This list is ESSENTIAL for
     anyone who wants to be a serious net traveler.

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through Usenet:     alt.internet.services

          Through FTP:        address: csd4.csd.uwm.edu
                              path: /pub/inet.services.txt

          Through Gopher:     address: csd4.csd.uwm.edu
                              to menu: Remote Information Servers
                              to document: Special Internet Connections

          Through e-mail:     send a blank e-mail letter to
                              inetlist@aug3.augsburg.edu
                              and the address will auto-reply

          Through WWW:        http://www.uwm.edu/Mirror/inet.services.html
                              (this is a document with links to all of the
                              items on the list!)

          Through LISTSERV:   Subscribe to INETLIST@CSD.UWM.EDU
                              (remember to send your subscribe command to
                              the LISTSERV address!!)


DR. BOB'S "ACCESSING THE INTERNET BY E-MAIL"

     For those of you with Level One access to the Internet, you should
     certainly check out this free file. It talks about how to access
     FTP, Archie, Gopher, Veronica, and several other Internet tools
     using nothing but e-mail (btw, this is from Dr. Bob Rankin and *not*
     from my dad -- the Rev. Bob "Bob" Crispen)

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through e-mail:     Send an e-mail letter to
                              LISTSERV@UBVM.CC.BUFFALO.EDU which says
                              GET INTERNET BY-EMAIL NETTRAIN F=MAIL
                              in the body of your letter.


ARLENE RINALDI's "THE NET: USER GUIDELINES AND NETIQUETTE"

     This is the ULTIMATE Internet netiquette guide, and is required
     reading for any user who wants to keep from making stupid mistakes.

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through FTP:        address: ftp.lib.berkeley.edu
                              path: /pub/net.training/FAU/Netiquette.txt

          Through Gopher:     address: TRAINMAT.NCL.AC.UK
                              to menu: Networking Guides
                              to menu: Other networking guides ...
                              to document: Rinaldi ...

                              address: GOPHER.IC.MANKATO.MN.US
                              to menu: Information Booth ...
                              to document: Netiquette Explained ...

                              address: ESUSDA.GOV
                              to menu: Internet Services and Information
                              to menu: Using the Internet
                              to document: Netiquette ...

          Through WWW:        http://rs6000.adm.fau.edu/faahr/arlene.html


COMPUTER MEDIATED COMMUNICATION (CMC) SOURCES ON THE INTERNET

     Also known as December's List, this list is FOUR TIMES as long
     as Yanoff's list, and lists pointers to information describing
     the Internet, computer networks, and issues related to computer-
     mediated communication.

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through Usenet:     alt.internet.services
                              alt.answers
                              news.answers

          Through FTP:        address: ftp.rpi.edu
                              path: /pub/communications/internet-cmc.txt


NETTRAIN REVIEWS

     James Milles, the author of the "Discussion Lists: Mail Server Commands"
     file that I used in MAP06, is also the listowner of the NETTRAIN
     LISTSERV list. NETTRAIN is a discussion list for Internet trainers,
     and these trainers are often asked by James to review some of the
     Internet training books that are available at your local bookstore.

     Before you head off to the bookstore and pay upwards of $25.00 for
     an Internet book, you might want check the NETTRAIN reviews to see
     if the book is REALLY worth the money!

     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through e-mail:     send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET
                              which says GET NETTRAIN REVIEWS F=MAIL in the
                              body of your letter. This will send you an
                              index of the reviews, and you can then use
                              the GET command to get the review that you
                              want (reviews are stored in 4 different files,
                              so you will need the index to figure out which
                              file you should get).


RICHARD SMITH'S "NAVIGATING THE INTERNET" AND "LET'S GO GOPHERN" WORKSHOPS

     These are the workshops that started it all! Smith's lessons have
     taught thousands, and he was the inspiration for the Roadmap workshop.


     HOW TO GET IT:

          Through FTP:        address: ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu
                              path: /navigate/*
                              or /gophern/*

          Through e-mail:     send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET
                              which says INDEX NAVIGATE F=MAIL or
                              INDEX GOPHERN F=MAIL and then use the GET
                              command to get the files that you want.

          Through Gopher:     address: wings.buffalo.edu
                              to menu: Access the Internet ...
                              to menu: About the Internet, Gopher, etc.
                              to menu: Navigate the Internet ...
                              or to menu: Let's Go Gopherin' ...

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET


     "They all laughed when I sat down at the piano, but oh!, when I
      began to play ..." -- John Caples, legendary advertisement for
      mail-order piano lessons, 1925


This lesson is not in the syllabus, but I thought it would be a neat
follow-up to MAP09: Spamming and Urban Legends.

Things change rapidly on the net, perhaps no more rapidly than in the
area of advertising, but there are a few general principles that
are likely to stay put for a while.

First, generally speaking, don't.  If you work for a company that makes
a product, you'll draw more flames than orders if you try to use the net
to advertise that product.

ADVERTISING THAT'S OK.

There are a couple of exceptions.  In some musical groups, very few
people will object if you advertise a home-made or home-distributed
recording your band has made (but see below for exceptions).  And if
you have *one* computer or bicycle to sell, it's OK to advertise it in
the appropriate Usenet newsgroup (e.g., misc.forsale.computers.pc-clone,
rec.bicycles.marketplace).  If you have a warehouse full of computers
or bikes and you're in the business of selling them, that's probably
over the line.

A second exception is on the Web.  If your company has a homepage,
websurfers who call it up would be offended if you *didn't* have
information on your products, distributors, and so on.

A third exception is if somebody asks an technical question such
as "Who makes an Ada compiler for the MIL-STD-1750A processor?" it's
generally considered OK to answer "We do" and to give a point of
contact.  Just make sure your posting is information, not ad copy.
Often the person answering will say something like "Blatant commercial
plug:" so he's not accused of being deceptive.

DECEPTION.

Deception is another matter entirely.  There's a new form of
advertising that's showing up on some of the musical newsgroups.
Someone will post a message giving a rave review of the new CD by
group X.  A while later he'll rave about group Y and artist Z.  It
turns out that the only thing he ever has to say are rave reviews
of new CDs.  And all the artists he raves about record for the same
major label.  After not too much detective work it turns out that
our hero works for (now let's not always see the same hands) the
record label.

It's not restricted to musical groups, either.  A well-known
scenario has person A ask a question like "what's the best product
to do W?"  Shortly afterward, person B replies that the new offering
P from R Software solves that problem, is cheap and easy to install,
and everybody should have one.  A while later on another group A
reappears with another question, and sure enough, product Q from R
Software is the answer to the world's ills.

I haven't the slightest idea why a company would risk earning a
reputation for unethical dealings, but if you're sleazy enough to
think these are good ideas, please be aware that there are folks on
the net who delight in exposing scams of this sort, and you'll be
found out in short order.

APPROPRIATE FORUMS.

Sending out e-mail to every LISTSERV and Usenet newsgroup has already
been covered in MAP09 Spamming and Urban Legends.  Don't do it.  There
are companies who sell mailing lists of e-mail addresses.  I find the
prospect of junk-e-mail frightening: there are companies and organizations
who would pull their workers off the net rather than subject them
to such misuse of company resources.

And you hardly need to be told that advertising a bicycle for sale
in rec.arts.marching.drumcorps or talk.politics.tibet is a waste
of time.

But there's a subtler point.  Many of the Usenet hierarchies have a
special "marketplace" newsgroup.  It's safe to assume that any related
group does NOT want ads.  For example, there's a newsgroup called
rec.music.makers.marketplace and it's a good bet that your offer of a
synthesizer for sale will not be welcome on rec.music.makers.synth.

There is a List of Active Newsgroups available on news.answers that
lists the active Usenet newsgroups.  Look there to find out where the
"marketplace" and "forsale" groups are.

When you touch on the sensitive area of advertising it's all too easy
to earn a reputation for being dishonest, when all you really are is
ignorant.  Save your reputation by knowing what the rules are
before you advertise.

RESOURCES.

Net policy and attitudes toward advertising are evolving so rapidly
that his article is virtually guaranteed to be out of date.  Two
articles available on the Unsenet newsgroup news.answers, "swap-guide"
and "Advertising FAQ", discuss some of the cultural issues involved
in buying and selling on the net.

A LISTSERV INET-MARKETING has started in the last few months to discuss
"marketing goods and services in an appropriate way on the Internet".
To join, send a mail message to listproc@einet.net containing

      SUBSCRIBE INET-MARKETING Your Name of Your Organization

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

From: BobRankin@Delphi.Com (Doctor Bob)
Newsgroups:
alt.internet.services,alt.online-service,alt.bbs.internet,alt.answers,news.a
nswers
Subject: Accessing the Internet by E-Mail FAQ
Approved: news-answers-request@MIT.EDU
Followup-To: poster
Summary: This guide will show you how to retrieve files from FTP sites,
         explore the Internet via Gopher, search for information with
         Archie, Veronica, or WAIS, tap into the World-Wide Web, and
         even access Usenet newsgroups using E-MAIL AS YOUR ONLY TOOL.

Archive-name: internet-services/access-via-email
Posting-Frequency: monthly
Last-modified: 1994/11/30
Version: 3.0


                 Accessing The Internet By E-Mail
           Doctor Bob's Guide to Offline Internet Access
                    3rd Edition - December 1994


              Copyright (c) 1994,  "Doctor Bob" Rankin

   All rights reserved.  Permission is granted to make and distribute
   verbatim copies of this document provided the copyright notice and
   this permission notice are preserved on all copies.  Feel free to
            upload to your favorite BBS or Internet server!


How to Access Internet Services by E-mail
-----------------------------------------

If your only access to the Internet is via e-mail, you don't have to
miss out on all the fun!  Maybe you've heard of FTP, Gopher, Archie,
Veronica, Finger, Whois, WAIS, World-Wide Web, and Usenet but thought
they were out of your reach because your online service does not provide
those tools.  Not so!  And even if you do have full Internet access,
using e-mail servers can save you time and money.

This special report will show you how to retrieve files from FTP sites,
explore the Internet via Gopher, search for information with Archie,
Veronica, or WAIS, tap into the World-Wide Web, and even access Usenet
newsgroups using E-MAIL AS YOUR ONLY TOOL.

If you can send a note to an Internet address, you're in the game!  This
is great news for users of online services where there is partial or no
direct Internet access.  As of late 1994, there were 150 countries with
only e-mail connections to the Internet.  This is double the number of
countries with direct (IP) connections.

I encourage you to read this entire document first and then go back and
try out the techniques that are covered.  This way, you will gain a
broader perspective of the information resources that are available, an
introduction to the tools you can work with, and the best methods for
finding the information you want.


Finding the Latest Version
--------------------------

This document is now available from several automated mail servers.
To get the latest edition, send e-mail to one of the addresses below.

To: listserv@ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu (for US/Canada/etc.)
Leave Subject blank, and enter only this line in the body of the note:
  GET INTERNET BY-EMAIL NETTRAIN F=MAIL

To: mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu (for Eastern US)
Leave Subject blank, and enter only this line in the body of the note:
  send usenet/news.answers/internet-services/access-via-email

To: mailbase@mailbase.ac.uk (for UK/Europe/etc.)
Leave Subject blank, and enter only this line in the body of the note:
  send lis-iis e-access-inet.txt

You can also get the file by anonymous FTP at one of these sites:

Site: ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu
   get NETTRAIN/INTERNET.BY-EMAIL
Site: rtfm.mit.edu
   get pub/usenet/news.answers/internet-services/access-via-email
Site: mailbase.ac.uk
   get pub/lists/lis-iis/files/e-access-inet.txt

Acknowledgements
----------------

This document is continually expanding and improving as a result of the
daily flood of comments and questions received by the author.  The following
individuals are hereby recognized for their contributions.  (If I forgot
anyone, let me know and I'll gladly add you to the list.)

   Miles Baska
   Sylvain Chamberland
   Roddy MacLeod - Engineering Faculty Librarian, Heriot Watt University
   George McMurdo - Queen Margaret College
   Jim Milles - NETTRAIN Moderator, Saint Louis University
   Glee Willis - Engineering Librarian, University of Nevada
   Herman VanUytven - Netnews->Email server developer


A Short Aside... "What is the Internet?"
----------------------------------------

Many introductory texts on the Internet go into excruciating detail on
the history, composition and protocol of the Internet.  If you were
looking for that you won't find it here, because this is a "how to"
lesson, not a history book.

When you buy a new car, they don't make you read "The Life and Times of
Henry Ford" before you can turn the top down and squeal off the lot.
And when you get a new computer, nobody forces you to read a text on
logic design before you fire up Leisure Suit Larry or WordPerfect.

So if you're the type that wants to short-circuit the preliminaries and
just dig in, you've come to the right place.  I'm not going to bore you
with the gory details.  Instead, I'll just offer up my Reader's Digest
condensed definition of the Internet, and encourage you to read more
about the Internet in one of the many fine Internet books and guides
listed in the "Suggested Reading" section.  Some of them are even free,
and accessible directly from the Internet!

Internet (noun) - A sprawling collection of computer networks that spans
the globe, connecting government, military, educational and commercial
institutions, as well as private citizens to a wide range of computer
services, resources, and information.  A set of network conventions and
common tools are employed to give the appearance of a single large
network, even though the computers that are linked together use many
different hardware and software platforms.


The Rules of The Game
---------------------

This document is meant to be both tutorial and practical, so there are
lots of actual commands and internet addresses listed herein.  You'll
notice that when these are included in the text they are indented by
several spaces for clarity.  Don't include the leading spaces when you
try these commands on your own!

You'll also see things like "<file>" or "<name>" appearing in this
document.  Think of these as place holders or variables which must
be replaced with an appropriate value.  Do NOT include the quotes or
brackets in your value unless specifically directed to do so.

Often you'll be told to "send e-mail with a blank subject" to some
address.  This means to simply leave the "Subject:" field blank in
your note.  If your mailer refuses to send messages with a blank
subject, give it some dummy value.  In most cases this will work fine.

Most e-mail servers understand only a small set of commands and are
not very forgiving if you deviate from what they expect.  So include
ONLY the specified commands in the "body" of your note and leave off
any extraneous lines such as your signature, etc.

Pay attention to upper/lower case in directory and file names when
using e-mail servers.  It's almost always important!


                           FTP BY E-MAIL
                           -------------

FTP stands for "file transfer protocol", and is a means of accessing
files that are stored on remote computer systems.  In Internet lingo,
these remote computers are called "sites".  Files at FTP sites are
typically stored in a tree-like set of directories (or nested folders
for Mac fans), each of which pertains to a different subject.

When visiting an FTP site using a "live" internet connection, one would
specify the name of the site, login with a userid & password, navigate
to the desired directory and select one or more files to be transferred
back to their local system.

Using FTP by e-mail is very similar, except that the desired site is
reached through a special "ftpmail server" which logs in to the remote
site and returns the requested files to you in response to a set of
commands in an e-mail message.

Using FTP by e-mail can be nice even for those with full Internet
access, because some popular FTP sites are heavily loaded and
interactive response can be very sluggish.  So it makes sense not to
waste time and connect charges in these cases.

To use FTP by e-mail, you first need a list of FTP "sites" which are the
addresses of the remote computer systems that allow you to retrieve
files anonymously (without having a userid and password on that system).

There are some popular sites listed later in this guide, but you can get
a comprehensive list of hundreds of anonymous FTP sites by sending an
e-mail message to the internet address:

  mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu

with a blank subject and include these lines in the body of the note.

   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part1
   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part2
   ... (lines omitted for brevity)
   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part13
   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/sitelist/part14

You will then receive (by e-mail) 14 files which comprise the "FTP Site
List".  Note that these files are each about 60K, so the whole lot will
total over 750K!  This could place a strain on your system, so first
check around to see if the list is already available locally, or
consider requesting just the first few as a sampler before getting the
rest.

Another file you might want to get is "FTP Frequently Asked Questions"
which contains lots more info on using FTP services, so add this line to
your note as well.

   send usenet/news.answers/ftp-list/faq

After you receive the site list you'll see dozens of entries like this,
which tell you the site name, location and the kind of files that are
stored there.

   Site   : oak.oakland.edu
   Country: USA
   Organ  : Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan
   System : Unix
   Comment: Primary Simtel Software Repository mirror
   Files  : BBS lists; ham radio; TCP/IP; Mac; modem protocol info;
            MS-DOS; MS-Windows; PC Blue; PostScript; Simtel-20; Unix

If you find an interesting FTP site in the list, send e-mail to one of
these ftpmail servers:

   ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu                      (USA/NC)
   bitftp@pucc.princeton.edu                    (USA/NJ)
   bitftp@vm.gmd.de                             (Europe)
   bitftp@plearn.edu.pl                         (Europe)
   ftpmail@doc.ic.ac.uk                         (UK)
   ftpmail@cs.uow.edu.au                        (Australia)

and in the body of the note, include these lines:

   open <site>
   dir
   quit

This will return to you a list of the files stored in the root directory
at that site.  In your next e-mail message you can navigate to other
directories by inserting (for example)

   cd pub

before the "dir" command.  (The "cd" means "change directory" and "pub"
is a common directory name, usually a good place to start.) Once you
determine the name of a file you want to retrieve, use:

   get <name of file>

in the following note instead of the "dir" command.  If the file you
want to retrieve is plain text, this will suffice.  If it's a binary
file (an executable program, compressed file, etc.) you'll need to
insert the command:

   binary

in your note before the "get" command.

OK, let's grab the text of The Declaration of Independence.  Here's the
message you send to ftpmail@sunsite.unc.edu (or another ftpmail server):

   open ftp.eff.org                 (The name of the FTP site)
   cd pub/CAF/civics                (The directory where the file lives)
   get dec_of_ind                   (The name of the file to retrieve)
   quit                             (Beam me up, Scotty!)

Here are the commands you would send to to get a file from the Simtel
Software Repository that was mentioned earlier.

   open oak.oakland.edu             (The name of the FTP site)
   cd SimTel/msdos/bbs              (The directory where the file lives)
   binary                           (Because we're getting a ZIP file)
   get answer2.zip                  (Sounds interesting, anyway...)
   quit                             (We're outta here!)

Some other interesting FTP sites you may want to "visit" are listed below.
(Use these site names on the "open" command and the suggested directory
name on your "cd" command, as in the previous examples.)

   ocf.berkeley.edu    Try: pub/Library for documents, Bible, lyrics, etc.
   rtfm.mit.edu        Try: pub/usenet/news.answers for USENET info
   oak.oakland.edu     Try: SimTel/msdos for a huge DOS software library
   ftp.sura.net        Try: pub/nic for Internet how-to documents
   quartz.rutgers.edu  Try: pub/humor for lots of humor files
   gatekeeper.dec.com  Try: pub/recipes for a cooking & recipe archive

You should note that ftpmail servers tend to be quite busy so your reply
may not arrive for several minutes, hours, or days, depending on when
and where you send your request.  Also, some large files may be split
into smaller pieces and returned to you as multiple messages.

If the file that is returned to you ends up looking something like what
you see below, (the word "begin" with a number and the filename on one
line, followed by a bunch of 61-character lines) it most likely is a
binary file that has been "uuencoded" by the sender.  (This is required
in order to reliably transmit binary files on the Internet.)

    begin 666 answer2.zip
    M4$L#!`H`!@`.`/6H?18.$-Z$F@P```@?```,````5$5,25@S,34N5%A480I[
    M!P8;!KL,2P,)!PL).PD'%@.(!@4.!P8%-@.6%PL*!@@*.P4.%00.%P4*.`4.

You'll need to scrounge up a version of the "uudecode" program for your
operating system (DOS, OS/2, Unix, Mac, etc.) in order to reconstruct the
file.  Most likely you'll find a copy already at your site or in your
service provider's download library, but if not you can use the instructions
in the next section to find out how to search FTP sites for a copy.

One final point to consider...  If your online service charges you to
store e-mail files that are sent to you and you plan to receive some
large files via FTP, it would be wise to handle your "inbasket"
expeditiously to avoid storage costs.


                            ARCHIE BY E-MAIL
                            ----------------

Let's say you know the name of a file, but you have no idea at which FTP
site it might be lurking.  Or maybe you're curious to know if a file
matching a certain naming criteria is available via FTP.  Archie is the
tool you can use to find out.

Archie servers can be thought of as a database of all the anonymous FTP
sites in the world, allowing you to find the site and/or name of a file
to be retrieved.  And using Archie by e-mail can be convenient because
some Archie searches take a LONG time to complete, leaving you to tap
your toes in the meantime.

To use Archie by e-mail, simply send an e-mail message to one of the
following addresses:

   archie@archie.rutgers.edu                    (USA/NJ)
   archie@archie.sura.net                       (USA/MD)
   archie@archie.unl.edu                        (USA/NE)
   archie@archie.doc.ic.ac.uk                   (UK)
   archie@archie.luth.se                        (Sweden)
   archie@archie.kuis.kyoto-u.ac.jp             (Japan)

To obtain detailed help for using Archie by mail, put the word

   help

in the subject of the note and just send it off.  You'll receive e-mail
explaining how to use archie services.

If you're the "just do it" type, then leave the subject blank and enter:

   find <file>

where "<file>" is the name of the file to search for, in the body (not
the subject) of the note.

This will search for files that match your criteria exactly.  If you
want to find files that contain your search criteria anywhere in their
name, insert the line

   set search sub

before the "find" command.  Some other useful archie commands you might
want to use are:

   set maxhits 20             (limit output, default is 100 files)
   set match_domain usa       (restrict output to FTP sites in USA)
   set output_format terse    (return output in condensed form)

When you get the results from your Archie query, it will contain the
names of various sites at which the desired file is located.  Use one of
these site names and the directory/filename listed for your next FTP
file retrieval request.

Now you've learned enough to locate that uudecode utility mentioned in
the last section.  Let's send e-mail to archie@archie.rutgers.edu, and
include the following lines in the message:

   set match_domain usa       (restrict output to FTP sites in USA)
   set search sub             (looking for a substring match...)
   file uudecode              (must contain this string...)

Note: You'll be looking for the uudecode source code, not the executable
version, which would of course be a binary file and would arrive
uuencoded - a Catch 22!  The output of your archie query will contain
lots of information like this:

   Host ftp.clarkson.edu    (128.153.4.2)
   Last updated 06:31  9 Oct 1994

   Location: /pub/simtel20-cdrom/msdos/starter
   FILE    -r-xr-xr-x    5572 bytes  21:00 11 Mar 1991  uudecode.bas

   Location: /pub/simtel20-cdrom/msdos/starter
   FILE    -r-xr-xr-x    5349 bytes  20:00 17 Apr 1991  uudecode.c


Now you can use an ftpmail server to request "uudecode.bas" (if you have
BASIC available) or "uudecode.c" (if you have a C compiler) from the
ftp.clarkson.edu site.


                            GOPHER BY E-MAIL
                            ----------------

Gopher is an excellent tool for exploring the Internet and is the best
way to find a resource if you know what you want, but not where to find
it.  A gopher system is menu-based, and provides a user-friendly
"front-end" to Internet resources, searches and information retrieval.
Without a tool like Gopher, you'd have to wander aimlessly through the
Internet jungles and swamps to find the treasures you seek.  Gopher
"knows where things are" and guides you to the good stuff.

Gopher takes the rough edges off of the Internet by automating remote
logins, hiding the sometimes-cryptic command sequences, and offers
powerful search capabilities as well.  And of course you can use
Gopher by e-mail!

Although not every item on every menu will be accessible by "gopher
mail", you'll still find plenty of interesting things using this
technique.  Down to brass tacks...  let's send e-mail to one of these
addresses:

   gophermail@calvin.edu                  (USA)
   gopher@earn.net                        (France)
   gopher@dsv.su.se                       (Sweden)
   gomail@ncc.go.jp                       (Japan)

Leave the Subject blank, enter HELP in the body of the note, and let it
rip.  You'll soon receive by e-mail the text of the main menu at the
gophermail site you selected.  (You can optionally specify the address
of a known gopher site on the Subject line to get the main menu for that
site instead.)

To proceed to a selection on the returned menu just e-mail the whole
text of the note (from the menu downwards) back to the gopher server,
placing an "x" next to the items(s) you want to explore.  You'll then
receive the next level of the gopher menu by e-mail.  Some menu choices
lead to other menus, some lead to text files, and some lead to searches.

To perform a search, select that menu item with an "x" and supply your
search words in the Subject: of your next reply.  Note that your search
criteria can be a single word or a boolean expression such as:

   document and (historical or government)

Each of the results (the "hits") of your search will be displayed as
an entry on yet another gopher menu!

Note: You needn't actually return the entire gopher menu and all the
routing info that follows it each time you reply to the gophermail
server.  If you want to minimize the size of your query, you can strip
out the "menu" portion at the top and include only the portion below
that pertains to the menu selection you want.  The example that follows
shows how to select one specific item from a gopher menu:

   ------- begin gophermail message (do not include this line)
   Split=0 bytes/message - For text, bin, HQX messages (0 = No split)
   Menu=0 items/message - For menus and query responses (0 = No split)
   #
   Name=EE Telecommunication Overview
   Type=0
   Port=70
   Path=0/.d-f/eetel.info
   Host=nceet.snre.umich.edu
   ------- end gophermail message (do not include this line)

If this message looks like nonsense to you, here's a human translation:

   Connect to PORT 70 of the HOST (computer) at "nceet.snre.umich.edu",
   retrieve the FILE "eetel.info" (whose NAME is "EE Telecommunication
   Overview") and send it to me in ONE PIECE, regardless of its size.

Note: Sometimes gophermail requests return a blank menu or message.  This
is most likely because the server failed to connect to the host from which
you were trying to get your information.  Send your request again later
and it'll probably work.


                            VERONICA BY E-MAIL
                            ------------------

Speaking of searches, this is a good time to mention Veronica.  Just
as Archie provides a searchable index of FTP sites, Veronica provides
this function for "gopherspace".  Veronica will ask you what you want to
look for (your search words) and then display another menu listing all
the gopher menu items that match your search.  In typical gopher
fashion, you can then select one of these items and "go-pher it"!

To try Veronica by e-mail, retrieve the main menu from a gophermail server
using the method just described.  Then try the choice labelled "Other
Gopher and Information Servers".  This menu will have an entry for
Veronica.

You'll have to select one (or more) Veronica servers to handle your
query, specifying the search words in the Subject of your reply.  Here's
another example of where using e-mail servers can save time and money.
Often the Veronica servers are very busy and tell you to "try again
later".  So select 2 or 3 servers, and chances are one of them will be
able to handle your request the first time around.

A Gophermail Shortcut:
----------------------

The path to some resources, files or databases can be a bit tedious,
requiring several e-mail messages to the gophermail server.  But here's
the good news...  If you've done it once, you can re-use any of the
e-mail messages previously sent in, changing it to suit your current
needs.  As an example, here's a clipping from the Veronica menu you would
get by following the previous instructions.  You can send these lines to
any gophermail server to run a Veronica search.

   Split=64K bytes/message <- For text, bin, HQX messages (0 = No split)
   Menu=100 items/message <- For menus and query responses (0 = No split)
   #
   Name=Search GopherSpace by Title word(s) (via NYSERNet)
   Type=7
   Port=2347
   Path=
   Host=empire.nysernet.org

Specify the search words in the Subject line and see what turns up!


                             USENET BY E-MAIL
                             ----------------

Usenet is a collection of over 5000 discussion groups on every topic
imaginable.  In order to get a proper start and avoid embarrasing
yourself needlessly, you must read the Usenet new users intro document,
which can be obtained by sending e-mail to:

   mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu

with blank subject and including this line in the body of the note:

   send usenet/news.answers/news-newusers-intro

To get a listing of Usenet newsgroups, add these commands to your note:

   send usenet/news.answers/active-newsgroups/part1
   send usenet/news.answers/active-newsgroups/part2
   send usenet/news.answers/alt-hierarchies/part1
   send usenet/news.answers/alt-hierarchies/part2

Once you've handled the preliminaries, you'll need to know how to read
and contribute to Usenet newsgroups by e-mail.  To read a newsgroup, you
can use the gophermail service discussed earlier in this guide.

To obtain a list of recent postings to a particular newsgroup, send the
following lines to one of the gophermail servers mentioned previously.
Leave "Subject" blank and include only these lines in the message body.

(You must replace "<groupname>" below with the name of the Usenet
newsgroup you wish to access.  eg: alt.answers, biz.comp.services,
news.newusers.questions, etc.)

   ------- begin gophermail message (do not include this line)
   Type=1
   Port=4320
   Path=nntp ls <groupname>
   Host=info-server.lanl.gov
   ------- end gophermail message (do not include this line)

The gophermail server will send you a typical gopher menu on which you
may select the individual postings you wish to read.

Note: The gophermail query in this example is the greatly edited result of
many previous queries.  I've pared it down to the bare essentials so
it can be tailored and reused.

If you decide to make a post of your own,  mail the text of your post to:

   newsgroup.name.usenet@decwrl.dec.com         (USA)
   newsgroup.name@news.demon.co.uk              (UK)

For example, to post to news.newusers.questions, you would send your
message to one of:

   news.newusers.questions.usenet@decwrl.dec.com
   news.newusers.questions@news.demon.co.uk

Be sure to include an appropriate Subject: line, and to include your real
name and e-mail address at the close of your note.

An Alternative Usenet->E-mail Method
------------------------------------

Another way to get Usenet postings by e-mail is via a special server in
Belgium.  It's a bit easier than the gophermail approach, but it carries
only a subset (about 1000) of the Usenet groups.  Send e-mail to:

  listserv@cc1.kuleuven.ac.be

with this command in the body of the note:

   /NNHELP

and you'll get complete details.  If you can't wait, send the command

   /NEWSGROUPS

to get a list of the newsgroups available on the server.  If you're even
more impatient, try something like:

   /GROUP comp.unix.aix SINCE 19941215000000

and you should get a list of postings made from 15 Dec 1994 onward.

Yet Another Usenet->E-mail Method!
----------------------------------

See the section "World-Wide Web By E-Mail" for an even easier method of
retrieving Usenet posts by e-mail!  This method is limited to the set of
newsgroups carried at the CERN server, but the selection seems to be
quite comprehensive.


                          WAIS SEARCHES BY E-MAIL
                          -----------------------

WAIS stands for Wide Area Information Service, and is a means of
searching a set of over 500 indexed databases.  The range of topics is
too broad to mention, and besides, you'll soon learn how to get the
topic list for yourself!

I recommend that you send e-mail to "waismail@quake.think.com" with HELP
in the body of the note to get the full WAISmail user guide.  But if you
can't wait, use the info below as a quickstart.

A list of WAIS databases (or "resources" as they like to be called) can be
obtained by sending e-mail to "waismail@quake.think.com" with the line

   search xxx xxx

in the body of the note.  Look through the returned list for topics that
are of interest to you and use one of them in the next example.

OK, let's do an actual search.  Send e-mail to:

   waismail@quake.think.com

with the following commands in the note body:

   maxres 10
   search bible flood

This will tell WAISmail to search through the text of the "bible"
database and return a list of at most 10 documents containing "flood".

You will receive an e-mail response something like this:

   From: WAISmail@Think.COM
   Searching: bible
   Keywords: flood

   Result # 1 Score:1000 lines:  0 bytes:   3556 Date:910101 Type: TEXT
   Headline: Genesis: Chapter 9  9:1 And God blessed Noah and his sons...
   DocID: 0000000457KJV :cmns-moon.think.com@cmns-moon.think.com:210%TEXT

To retrieve the full text of a matching document, just use one the
returned "DOCid:" lines exactly as is.  So your next e-mail to WAISmail
would be:

   DocID: 0000000457KJV :cmns-moon.think.com@cmns-moon.think.com:210%TEXT

This will cause the referenced "document" to be sent to you by e-mail.


World-Wide Web By E-Mail
------------------------

The World-Wide Web is touted as the future of Internet navigational
tools.  It's a hypertext and multimedia system that lets you hop around
the Net, read documents, and access images & sounds linked to a source.

Have you ever heard someone say, "Wow, check out the cool stuff at
http://www.somewhere.com/blah.html" and wondered what the heck they
were talking about?  Now you can retrieve WWW documents using e-mail!

All you need to know is the URL (that long ugly string starting with
"http:", "gopher:", or "ftp:") which defines the address of the
document, and you can retrieve it by sending e-mail to either of:

   listserv@www0.cern.ch
   listproc@www0.cern.ch

In the body of your note include one of these lines, replacing "<URL>"
with the actual URL specification.

   send <URL>

This will send you back the document you requested, with a list of all
the documents referenced within, so that you may make further requests.

   deep <URL>

Same as above, but it will also send you the documents referenced in
the URL you specified.  (May result in a LOT of data coming your way!)

To try WWW by e-mail send the following command to listproc@www0.cern.ch :

   send http://info.cern.ch

You'll receive in due course the "WWW Welcome Page" from Cern which will
include references to other Web documents you'll want to explore.

As mentioned earlier, you can also get Usenet postings from the WWW
mail server. Here are some examples:

   send news:comp.unix.aix            (returns a list of recent postings)
   deep news:comp.unix.aix            (returns the list AND the postings)

Note: The URL you specify may contain only the following characters:
a-z, A-Z, 0-9, and these special characters /:._-+@%*()?~

There is another WWW-mail server whose address is:

   webmail@curia.ucc.ie

This server requires commands in the form:

   go <URL>


                              MAILING LISTS
                              -------------

There are literally thousands of discussion groups that stay in touch
using e-mail based systems known as "mailing lists".  People interested
in a topic "subscribe" to a "list" and then send and receive postings by
e-mail.  For a good introduction to this topic, send e-mail to:

   LISTSERV@vm1.nodak.edu

In the body of your note include only this command:

   GET NEW-LIST WOUTERS

Finding a Mailing List
----------------------

To find out about mailing lists that are relevant to your interests,
send the following command to the same address given above.

   LIST GLOBAL /keyword

(Of course you must replace "keyword" with an appropriate search word
such as Marketing, Education, etc.)

Another helpful document which details the commands used to subscribe,
unsubscribe and search mailing list archives can be had by sending to:

   LISTSERV@ubvm.cc.buffalo.edu

In the body of your note include only this command:

   get mailser cmd nettrain f=mail

New in These Parts?
-------------------

If you're new to the Internet, I suggest you subscribe to the HELP-NET list
where you're likely to find answers to your questions.  Send the command:

   SUBSCRIBE HELP-NET Firstname Lastname

to LISTSERV@VM.TEMPLE.EDU, then e-mail your questions to the list address:

   HELP-NET@VM.TEMPLE.EDU


                               FINGER BY E-MAIL
                               ----------------

"Finger" is a utility that returns information about another user.
Usually it's just boring stuff like last logon, etc., but sometimes
people put fun or useful information in their finger replies.  To try
out finger, send e-mail with

   Subject: FINGER jtchern@headcrash.berkeley.edu.
   To: infobot@infomania.com

You'll receive some current sports standings!  (The general form is
FINGER user@site.)

Just for kicks, try finger using a combination of gopher and WWW.  Send
the command:

   send gopher://<site>:79/0<user>

to the WWWmail server mentioned earlier.


                     "DIRECTORY ASSISTANCE" BY E-MAIL
                     --------------------------------

"Whois" is a service that queries a database of Internet names and
addresses.  If you're looking for someone or you want to know where
a particular computer is located, send e-mail with

   Subject: whois <name>
   To: mailserv@internic.net

Try substituting "mit.edu" or the last name of someone you know in place
of "<name>" and see what comes back!

Another alternative name looker-upper is a database at MIT which keeps
tabs on everyone who has posted a message on Usenet.  Send e-mail with
a blank subject to "mail-server@rtfm.mit.edu" and include this command
ONLY in the note body:

   send usenet-addresses/<name>

Specify as much information as you can about the person (lastname,
firstname, userid, site, etc.) to limit the amount of information that
is returned to you.  Here's a sample query to find the address of
someone you think may be at Harvard University:

   send usenet-addresses/Jane Doe Harvard


                           A FEW NET-GOODIES
                           -----------------

Here are some other interesting things you can do by e-mail.  (Some of
them are accessible only by e-mail!)

* WEBSTER BY E-MAIL
Don't have your dictionary handy?  Send e-mail to infobot@infomania.com
again, but this time make the subject WEBSTER TEST and you'll get a
definition of the word "test" in reply.

* ALMANAC, WEATHER & THE SWEDISH CHEF
Infomania offers a bunch of other services by e-mail!  Almanac
(daily updates), Weather, CD Music Catalog, etc. Send e-mail to
infobot@infomania.com with subject HELP for full details.

* THE ELECTRONIC NEWSSTAND
The Electronic Newsstand collects articles, editorials, and tables of
contents from over 165 magazines and provides them to the Internet. To get
instructions on e-mail access, send a blank message to gophermail@enews.com

* U.S. CONGRESS AND THE WHITE HOUSE
Find out if your congressman has an electronic address!  Just send mail
to the address congress@hr.house.gov and you'll get a listing of
congressional e-mail addresses.

You can also contact the President (president@whitehouse.gov) or Vice
President (vice.president@whitehouse.gov), but don't expect a reply by
e-mail.  Messages sent to these addresses get printed out and handled
just like regular paper correspondence!

* USENET SEARCHES
A new service at Stanford University makes it possible to search USENET
newsgroups for postings that contain keywords of interest to you.  You
can even "subscribe" and receive a daily list of newsgroup postings that
match your search criteria.  Send mail to netnews@db.stanford.edu with
blank subject and HELP in the body of note for full details.

* MOVIE INFO
To learn how to get tons of info on movies, actors, directors, etc.
Send mail to movie@ibmpcug.co.uk with blank subject and HELP in the body
of note for full details.

* STOCK MARKET REPORT
Send e-mail with subject STOCK MARKET QUOTES to martin.wong@eng.sun.com
and you'll receive a rather lengthy stock market report (every day until
you ask Martin to stop sending them)!  Please note that this is not an
automated server, so be sure to include a word of appreciation for this
useful service.

* STOCK MARKET QUOTES
If you want to get a current quote for just 1 or 2 stocks, you can use
the QuoteCom service.  They offer this free service along with other fee
based services.  For details, send e-mail to "services@quote.com" with a
subject of HELP.

* ANONYMOUS E-MAIL
The "anon server" provides a front for sending mail messages and posting
to Usenet newsgroups anonymously, should the need ever arise.  To get
complete instructions, send e-mail to:

   help@anon.penet.fi                               (English version)
   german@anon.penet.fi  or deutsch@anon.penet.fi   (German version)
   italian@anon.penet.fi or italiano@anon.penet.fi  (Italian version)

* NET JOURNALS LISTING
I highly recommend "The Internet Press - A guide to electronic journals
about the Internet".  To get it, send e-mail with Subject: send ipress to
savetz@rahul.net.  Be sure to check out Scout Report & Netsurfer Digest!

SCOUT REPORT: Forget building campfires. Scout Report is a weekly
featuring new resource announcements. News reports about the net were
promised but are pretty lean. Put out by gods at InterNIC.
E-MAIL - To:      majordomo@is.internic.net
         Subject: Ignored
         Body:   Subscribe scout-report

                           SUGGESTED READING
                           -----------------

There are lots of good books and guides to help you get started on the
Internet, and here are some that I recommend.  The first few are free
(FTPmail commands listed below), and the others can be found in most
bookstores that carry computer-related books.

"Zen and the Art of the Internet", by Brendan Kehoe
   open ftp.std.com
   cd obi/Internet/zen-1.0
   get zen10.txt

"There's Gold in them thar Networks", by Jerry Martin
   open nic.ddn.mil
   cd rfc
   get rfc1402.txt

"Unofficial Internet Book List", by Kevin Savetz
   open rtfm.mit.edu
   cd pub/usenet/news.answers/internet-services
   get book-list


"The Whole Internet User's Guide and Catalog", by Ed Krol
   Publisher: O'Reilly and Associates
   ISBN: 1-56592-063-5
   Price: $24.95

"The Big Dummy's Guide to the Internet", by Adam Gaffin
   Publisher: MIT Press
   ISBN: 0-262-57105-6
   Price: $14.95

"The Internet for Dummies", by John Levine and Carol Baroudi
   Publisher: IDG Books
   ISBN: 1-56884-024-1
   Price: $19.95


                          CONTACTING THE AUTHOR
                          ---------------------

"Doctor Bob", also known as Bob Rankin, welcomes your feedback on this
guide and can be reached at the following addresses.  Send corrections,
ideas, suggestions and comments by e-mail.  I'll try to include any new
e-mail services in future editions of this guide.

Internet:  BobRankin@Delphi.com
US Mail :  Doctor Bob / P.O. Box 39 / Tillson, NY / 12486


                  MORE PUBLICATIONS FROM DOCTOR BOB!
                  ----------------------------------

                             Announcing ...

           +------------------------------------------------+
           |    "100 COOL THINGS TO DO ON THE INTERNET!"    |
           |        Doctor Bob's Internet Tour Guide        |
           | Over 100 places you *must* visit in cyberspace |
           +------------------------------------------------+

This is the guide I wanted when the Internet was new to me.  Just a
quick overview of the "tools of the trade" and a list of "cool things to
do".  Not 300 pages...  And not $39!  This information could save you
money, hours of valuable time, or lead you to a new career.

There's a goldmine of information, software and services out there just
waiting to be discovered!  It can be yours, but it's not easy...  That's
why you must have this informative report which gives you the lowdown on:

* Online databases          * Electronic Library Catalogs
* Shopping in Cyberspace    * Job Postings Online
* Vast software libraries   * ALL FREE!

You'll learn the basics of TELNETing, FTPing and GOPHERing to the
information you want, with specific instructions and the "secret keys"
you need to unlock all the doors on the way!


          +------------------------------------------------+
          |     Doctor Bob's Internet Business Guide       |
          |            An Introduction to Good             |
          |    Old-Fashioned Capitalism In Cyberspace      |
          +------------------------------------------------+

There are those who say that the Internet should be free of capitalism,
commerce, advertising and anything that smells like "business".

But there ARE ways to conduct business on the 'Net without raising the ire
of the inhabitants of the electronic domain.  You can lower costs, make
money and even get thanked for providing your service if you know how to
do it right!

I can't promise that you'll make lots of money selling your product or
service, but I'm certain that after you've read this guide, you will have
a better understanding of:

* Internet Tools & Techniques      * Business Resources on the Net
* Setting Up Shop on the Net       * Avoiding Net Marketing Pitfalls
* What business are on the Net     * Getting paid for your product


          To get your copy of:

  "100 COOL THINGS TO DO ON THE INTERNET!"
                   - or -
   "DOCTOR BOB'S INTERNET BUSINESS GUIDE"

Send just $5 each (cash, check or money order) plus a self-addressed,
stamped envelope to:

 -->  DOCTOR BOB
 -->  PO BOX 39, DEPT U3
 -->  TILLSON, NY 12486  USA

Outside the USA:  Skip the stamp, but please add $1 for postage.
And if it's too difficult to get US funds, send 12 International
Postal Coupons in lieu of payment.

I also accept NetCash!  For details on electronic payment, send e-mail
to netbank-info@agents.com with the keyword "netbank-intro" (minus the
quotes) on the first line of your note.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

                Copyright (c) 1994,  "Doctor Bob" Rankin

   All rights reserved.  Permission is granted to make and distribute
   verbatim copies of this document provided the copyright notice and
   this permission notice are preserved on all copies.  Feel free to
            upload to your favorite BBS or Internet server!


MAP26: IRC/MUDs/MOOs AND OTHER "TALKERS"


     "The future ain't what it used to be." -- Lawrence Peter "Yogi"
      Berra, attributed


I was trying to decide what I should write about IRC when I realized
that "the EFF's Guide to the Internet" probably had the most complete
discussion on IRC I have ever seen.

>From the EFF's Guide to the Internet:

Many Net systems provide access to a series of interactive
services that let you hold live "chats" or play online games with
people around the world.  To find out if your host system offers
these, you can ask your system administrator or just try them -- if
nothing happens, then your system does not provide them.  In general,
if you can use telnet and ftp, chances are good you can use these
services as well.

One of the most popular "chat" programs is Internet Relay Chat (IRC).

IRC is a program that lets you hold live keyboard conversations
with people around the world.  It's a lot like an international CB
radio  - it even uses 'channels.'  Type something on your computer and
it's instantly echoed around the world to whoever happens to be on the
same channel with you.  You can join in existing public group chats or
set up your own.  You can even create a private channel for yourself
and as few as one or two other people.  And just like on a CB radio,
you can give yourself a unique "handle" or nickname.

IRC currently links host systems in 20 different countries, from
Australia to Hong Kong to Israel.  Unfortunately, it's like telnet --
either your site has it or it doesn't.  If your host system does have it,
Just type

               irc

and hit enter.  You'll get something like this:


     *** Connecting to port 6667 of server world.std.com
     *** Welcome to the Internet Relay Network, adamg
     *** Your host is world.std.com, running version 2.7.1e+4
     *** You have new mail.
     *** If you have not already done so, please read the new user information
     *** with +/HELP NEWUSER
     *** This server was created Sat Apr 18 1992 at 16:27:02 EDT
     *** There are 364 users on 140 servers
     *** 45 users have connection to the twilight zone
     *** There are 124 channels.
     *** I have 1 clients and 3 servers
     MOTD - world.std.com Message of the Day -
     MOTD - Be careful out there...
     MOTD -
     MOTD - ->Spike
     * End of /MOTD command.
     ... snip snip snip ...


You are now in channel 0, the "null" channel, in which you can look
up various help files, but not much else. As you can see, IRC takes over
your entire screen.  The top of the screen is where messages will
appear.  The last line is where you type IRC commands and messages.  All
IRC commands begin with a /.  The slash tells the computer you are about
to enter a command, rather than a message. To see what channels are
available, type

                /list

and hit enter.  You'll get something like this:


     *** Channel    Users  Topic
     *** #Money     1      School CA$H (/msg SOS_AID help)
     *** #Gone      1      ----->> Gone with the wind!!!  ------>>>>>
     *** #mee       1
     *** #eclipse   1
     *** #hiya      2
     *** #saigon    4
     *** #screwed   3
     *** #z         2
     *** #comix     1      LET'S TALK 'BOUT COMIX!!!!!
     *** #Drama     1
     *** #RayTrace  1      Rendering to Reality and Back
     *** #NeXT      1
     *** #wicca     4      Mr. Potato Head, R. I. P.
     *** #dde^mhe`  1      no'ng chay? mo*? ...ba` con o*iiii
     *** #jgm       1
     *** #ucd       1
     *** #Maine     2
     *** #Snuffland 1
     *** #p/g!      4
     *** #DragonSrv 1


Because IRC allows for a large number of channels, the list might
scroll off your screen, so you might want to turn on your computer's
screen capture to capture the entire list.  Note that the channels
always have names, instead of numbers.  Each line in the listing tells
you the channel name, the number of people currently in it, and whether
there's a specific topic for it.  To switch to a particular channel,
type

                /join #channel

where "#channel" is the channel name and hit enter.  Some "public"
channels actually require an invitation from somebody already on it.  To
request an invitation, type

                /who #channel-name

where channel-name is the name of the channel, and hit enter.  Then ask
someone with an @ next to their name if you can join in.  Note that
whenever you enter a channel, you have to include the #.  Choose one
with a number of users, so you can see IRC in action.

If it's a busy channel, as soon as you join it, the top of your
screen will quickly be filled with messages.  Each will start with a
person's IRC nickname, followed by his message.

It may seem awfully confusing at first.  There could be two or
three conversations going on at the same time and sometimes the
messages will come in so fast you'll wonder how you can read them all.

Eventually, though, you'll get into the rhythm of the channel and
things will begin to make more sense.  You might even want to add your
two cents (in fact, don't be surprised if a message to you shows up on
your screen right away; on some channels, newcomers are welcomed
immediately).  To enter a public message, simply type it on that bottom
line (the computer knows it's a message because you haven't started the
line with a slash) and hit enter.

Public messages have a user's nickname in brackets, like this:

                <tomg>

If you receive a private message from somebody, his name will be
between asterisks, like this:

                *tomg*

Here are a few IRC commands that will probably come in handy:

     /away         When you're called away to put out a grease fire
                   in the kitchen, issue this command to let others know
                   you're still connected but just away from your terminal
                   or computer for awhile.

     /help         Brings up a list of commands for which there is a help
                   file. You will get a "topic:" prompt.  Type in the
                   subject for which you want information and hit enter.
                   Hit enter by itself to exit help.

     /invite       Asks another IRC to join you in a conversation.

                             /invite fleepo #hottub

                   would send a message to fleepo asking him to join you on
                   the #hottub channel.  The channel name is optional.

     /join         Use this to switch to or create a particular channel,
                   like this:

                             /join #hottub

                   If one of these channels exists and is not a private
                   one, you will enter it.  Otherwise, you have just
                   created it. Note you have to use a # as the first
                   character.

     /list         This will give you a list of all available public
                   channels, their topics (if any) and the number of users
                   currently on them.  Hidden and private channels are not
                   shown.

     /m name       Send a private message to that user.

     /mode         This lets you determine who can join a channel you've
                   created.

                             /mode #channel +s

                   creates a secret channel.

                             /mode #channel +p

                   makes the channel private

     /nick         This lets you change the name by which others see you.

                             /nick fleepo

                   would change your name for the present session to
                   fleepo. People can still use /whois to find your e-mail
                   address.  If you try to enter a channel where somebody
                   else is already using that nickname, IRC will ask you to
                   select another name.

     /query        This sets up a private conversation between you and
                   another IRC user.  To do this, type

                             /query nickname

                   Every message you type after that will go only to that
                   person.  If she then types

                            /query nickname

                   where nickname is yours, then you have established a
                   private conversation.  To exit this mode, type

                            /query

                   by itself.  While in query mode, you and the other
                   person can continue to "listen" to the discussion on
                   whatever public channels you were on, although neither
                   of you will be able to respond to any of the messages
                   there.

     /quit         Exit IRC.

     /signoff      Exit IRC.

     /summon       Asks somebody connected to a host system with IRC to
                   join you on IRC. You must use the person's entire e-mail
                   address.

                             /summon fleepo@foo.bar.com

                   would send a message to fleepo asking him to start IRC.
                   Usually not a good idea to just summon people unless you
                   know they're already amenable to the idea; otherwise you
                   may wind up annoying them no end. This command does not
                   work on all sites.

     /topic        When you've started a new channel, use this command to let
                   others know what it's about.

                             /topic #Amiga

                   would tell people who use /list that your channel is meant
                   for discussing Amiga computers.

     /who <chan>   Shows you the e-mail address of people on a particular
                   channel.

                             /who #foo

                   would show you the addresses of everybody on channel foo.

                             /who

                   by itself shows you every e-mail address for every person
                   on IRC at the time, although be careful: on a busy night
                   you might get a list of 500 names!

     /whois        Use this to get some information about a specific IRC
                   user or to see who is online.

                             /whois nickname

                   will give you the e-mail address for the person using
                   that nickname.

                             /whois *

                   will list everybody on every channel.

     /whowas       Similar to /whois; gives information for people who
                   recently signed off IRC.


IRC has become a new medium for staying on top of really big
breaking news.  In 1993, when Russian lawmakers barricaded themselves
inside the parliament building, some enterprising Muscovites and a couple
of Americans set up a "news channel" on IRC to relay first-person
accounts direct from Moscow. The channel was set up to provide a
continuous loop of information, much like all-news radio stations that
cycle through the day's news every 20 minutes.  In 1994, Los Angeles
residents set up a similar channel to relay information related to the
Northridge earthquake.  In both cases, logs of the channels were archived
somewhere on the Net, for those unable to "tune in" live.

How would you find such channels in the future?  Use the /list
command to scroll through the available channels.  If one has been set up
to discuss a particular breaking event, chances are you'll see a brief
description next to the channel name that will tell you that's the place
to tune. (1)

-----

Now some words from me:

If you site does not allow you to access IRC, there is still a way that
you can access other types of "talkers." All you have to do is telnet
into a MUD or a MOO.

"MUDs" are Multi-user Dungeons (or Multiple User Devices), and they were
originally created so that Dungeons and Dragons player could role play
in real-time with other players around the world.

MUDs are no longer limited to dragon-slaying, though. A large number of
MUDs have been set up for teaching purposes -- imagine my teaching Roadmap
*real time*, where you would see what I type as I type it -- and there
are even social MUDS where you can just sit and talk with people around
the world.

A list of the telnet addresses for several MUDs can be found in Yanoff's
List (which I told you about the other day). Most MUDs commands are
different from IRC commands -- the *commands* are different, but the basic
functions are identical -- but you will soon find that most MUDs have
an EXTENSIVE help menu system.

MOOs are "MUDs: Object-Oriented," and they are "text-based virtual reality
adventures." (2) It's hard to explain ... you'll just have to check it out.

There are four warnings that I want to give you about *all* of the "talkers":

     1. IRC, MUDs and MOOs are time *SPONGES*! They will suck up all of
        your time if you are not careful (I speak from experience --
        I have over 2 *DAYS* (that's 48 hours plus) login time on one
        of the social MUDs ... and that's only since June of this year!!)

     2. Most Internet service providers frown on your using their system
        to access a "chat" service during business hours (for obvious
        reasons). Please check to see what your provider's policies are
        *BEFORE* you join a talker.

     3. Chat services seem to be a magnet for liars. People pretend to be
        more than they are, and they will say whatever is necessary to boost
        their own "image." Please be careful, and consider EVERYTHING that
        you hear over a talker to be, at best, an exaggeration or, at worst,
        a bald-faced lie.

     4. If you see someone on one of the social MUDs named SimGod
        who says "ROLL TIDE" a lot, watch out ... he's a squirrel :)


SOURCES:

     (1) The EFF's Guide to the Internet, reprinted by permission
     (2) Internet User's Glossary at Gopher dewey.lib.ncsu.edu using
         the keyword: MUD

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: GUEST LECTURE

As we bring the Roadmap workshop to a close, I want to give you an
opportunity to think about what role the Internet will play in
education in the years to come.

I can think of no better person to speak on this topic than
Richard Smith.

"Richard Smith discovered the information resources of the Internet
while doing work as a Ph.D. student at the University of Pittsburgh.
He taught the use of the Internet in graduate courses and followed
these by giving workshops called "Navigating the Internet" in 1991.

In the summer of 1992, Smith decided to offer a course on Internet
training -- over the Internet -- hoping to get 30 or 40 people to
participate. A total of 864 people from more than 20 countries
registered for his "Navigating the Internet: An Interactive Workshop."
A second workshop drew more than 15,000 participants from more than
50 countries.

The result of these ground-breaking international workshops is that
Smith has trained literally thousands of people around the world in how
to use Internet resources. This led to Smith being dubbed the "Internet
Mentor" in the January 1993 issue of American Libraries. He plans to
do bigger and better Internet workshops in the future because he enjoys
offering a service that is much needed and appreciated." (1)

Ladies and Gentlemen, I am proud to introduce *my* mentor, Richard Smith:

-----

Patrick Crispen asked me to write a segment for his Roadmap
distance education workshop.  I'd like to give some general
thoughts on this new form of distance education and the new
technologies that are becoming a prominent force in the education
community.

Vice President Al Gore speaks about building an information
superhighway that will keep the United States competitive in the
world of growing high technology.  The National Information
Infostructure (NII) is already in the making which will include
present computer, television and telephone, and telecommunication
technology, and promises that it will be available to everyone as
every classroom, library, hospital and clinic in the country should
have access to the network. (Recently Post Offices!) It is now so
common that the comic strip Outland makes fun of it with their
cyberpunk characters and MTV, Nightline, FX and other commercial
entities are now on-line.

This new means of communications is predicted to change the pattern
of scholarly work.  From the computer at home or office the
educator can now access hundreds of library catalogs, journal
indexes, reference books, full text books and journal articles,
major art exhibits, employment notices, or federal government
information.  Communication with colleagues on topics as diverse as
diabetes research, history of the Ancient Mediterranean, women in
science and engineering, university administration or the
Pittsburgh Pirates take place daily. There are thousands of
discussion groups available on almost any imaginable topic.

While this network of networks has its beginnings in the 1970's, it
is only recently that this communication phenomenon has expanded
beyond the computer and information science fields.  Today
librarians, health professionals, historians, lawyers, and many
other professionals are finding the Internet a valuable research
and education tool; the largest growing segment of the Internet
community is commercial firms.

Yet an important impact of this network has yet to be developed--
the delivery of information in formal education.  There is now
being generated formal credited courses via the Internet that may
change the way that current distant education or distant learning
takes place.  This aspect of distance education will continue to
grow as the number of schools equipped with telecommunications
equipment and computers increase and costs of such equipment
decreases.

An initial attempt to use this network for education was an
experimental course attempted two years ago.  In the summer of 1992
I decided to offer a workshop on how to use this network, not in a
classroom or at a conference, but on-line over the Internet itself.
I expected 30 to 40 people to sign up and ended up with 864
participants.  The class consisted of e-mail instructions  for
accessing Internet resources and what to do once access was
achieved.  In theory, a person would read the e-mail in the morning
and follow the instructions for an hour to master the particular
segment being taught.  In reality, the three week course was a bit
much for most participants so that instructions were saved for
perusal at their convenience, a major advantage of this type of
distance education.

"Navigating the Internet: An Interactive Workshop" was so popular
that a second class was given within two months.  The announcement
for the second class allowed two weeks for registration.  The
registration had to be stopped when enrollment reached 15,000.
The last workshop given from the Carnegie Library of Pittsburgh
"Navigating the Internet: Let's Go Gopherin'" (a popular Internet
interface) attracted 19,994 from 54 countries.

These informal basic e-mail courses demonstrate the potential of
this communication medium for distant education.  With the addition
of graphics, hypertext, compress video, sound and multimedia,
information distribution for educational courses in distance
education will be revolutionary.  Several universities are now
initiating degree programs that can be taken over the Internet.

Telecommunications technologies have provided a vast array of
teaching opportunities for educators and librarians charged with
providing information to students, staff, researchers and faculty.
The technology permits expanded communication among
teachers/student, and also provides a means of increasing
teacher/teacher and student/student communications.

Narrow casting for specific audiences and for specific subject
areas, both for formal credit courses and informal workshops, is an
option being considered by many educators and librarians.

Unlike traditional distance education systems which relied heavily
on print base materials supported by audiotape, telephone contact,
videotape, color slides, study pictures, or kits containing
samples, The Internet gives increased access to graphics, sound,
and video files via software like Mosaic, as well as real time
communications. Innovative computer and telecommunication
technologies' expand and enhance traditional distance education by
adding additional means of communication.

To be productive, distance education must be able to communicate
information between participants in an effective and efficient
manner.  Computer and telecommunication technologies are providing
unique ways to communicate, and examples of the benefits and
drawbacks of using these techniques are abundant in the literature.

Hiltz used computer-mediated communication as both an adjunct
function of supplementing traditional classroom instruction and as
a primary mode of course delivery for postsecondary education.
Electronic conferencing, where students answered questions and
reacted to other student responses produced communications in the
"virtual classroom" and was found to be a positive yet different
type of communications from the traditional classroom.  This change
in communication was noted by others where the experience showed
that communication within a paperless network tends to spread power
horizontally across the writing community, with instructor's
information equal to the student's, and every message, because of
identical font and identical screen size, commanding the same
respect when read by a student.

In a distance education class at Houston Community College System,
years of experience in giving credited courses by modem found that
distance education had several benefits over traditional classroom
instruction and older distance education courses.  Some of the
results showed these benefits:

(1)   Immediacy -- especially compared to print-based correspondence
      courses.
(2)   Sense of group identity -- the computer system became a
      meeting place for students.
(3)   Improved dialogue -- students correspond more than traditional
      classroom setting.
(4)   Improved instructor control -- the computer system can log
      activities.
(5)   Active learning -- student participation improved.

Finally, the Internet, provides a convenient means of delivering
information to thousand of people geographically dispersed and
removes barriers such as distance and cultural diversity that are
common in the traditional classroom educational setting.

For example, this segment was written in my house and transferred
to my local account in Louisiana via a 2,400 baud modem; I then
ftpped the document, in seconds, to my account in Pittsburgh;
finally, I e-mailed it to Patrick in Alabama who then distributed
it to you.  I co-authored a book, "Navigating the Internet" in
three months without ever meeting Mark Gibbs, the co-author in
California, or the Publisher, SAMS in Indianapolis. Distance
education is a bonus for the Instructor also.  "Let's Go Gopherin'"
was distributed from numerous locations, Ohio, Mississippi,
Pennsylvania, and other locations while I was on the road.

Distance education via electronic delivery is not a new concept.
Australia and the United Kingdom have made dramatic steps in
providing electronic information to a multitude of people via
telecommunications.  In the United States, with the explosive
growth of the Internet and the proposed National Research and
Education Network (NREN), it is now possible for delivery of
information in formal education in an economical and efficient
manner.

Of course, promises of new technologies that would impact education
have been made before and never reached their potential.  Public
television is the prime example.  Predicted to impact education
from k-12 to higher education, public television has only served as
a minor supplement to the traditional classroom setting.  Yet
today's technologies are entering not only the classroom, but are
commonly found on professors' and teachers' desks in their office
and even at home.  This easy access to the technology is mainly
responsible for its impact on education.

Higher education will play a vital role in Al Gore's vision of the
information superhighway. Major commercial telecommunication giants
such as MCI and Bell are changing the current Internet into an
information distribution system that is easy to use, providing
access for the general population.  Because of this widespread
access, the way we teach and pass on information to learners around
the world, with collaboration from educators from interdisciplinary
backgrounds and from diverse institutions and cultures, education
will change from the traditional teacher/classroom environment to
a virtual classroom with no walls.


NOTES

(Sorry,  pulled from several sources so not all in one style.)

Blaschke, Charles L. "Distance Learning: A Rapidly Growing State
Priority," Classroom Computer Learning October 1988  16.

Blumen, Goldie. "Many Attempts at 'Distance Learning' are Impeded
by Unforeseen Political and Financial Problems." The Chronicle of
Higher Education. October 23, 1991 a23-a24.

Boston, Roger L. (1992). "Remote Delivery of Instruction via the PC
and Modem: What Have we learned." The American Journal of Distance
Education, 6, 45-52.

Brown, John Seely. "Idea Amplifiers-New Kinds of Electronic
Learning Environments." Educational Horizons, 63 (Spring 1985):
108-112.

Clyde, Laurel. "Distance Education and the Challenges of Continuing
Professional Education," in Woolls, Blanche, ed., Continuing
Professional Education and IFLA:  Past, Present, and a Vision for
the Future:  papers from the IFLA CPERT Second World Conference on
Continuing Professional Education for the Library and Information
Science Professions.  Munich:  K.G. Saur, 1993, 24-33.

Dykman, Charlene Ann. "Electronic Mail Systems: An Analysis of the
Use/Satisfaction Relationship." (Ph.D. diss., University of
Houston, 1986).

Freshwater, M. R. (1985). "Development in the application of new
technology to the delivery of open learning." Technological
Horizons in Education, 12, 105-106.

Goldberg, Fred S (1988). "Telecommunications and The Classroom:
Where We've Been and Where We should Be Going."  The Computing
Teacher, May 26-30.

Hammond, Morrison F. "The Use of Telecommunications in Australian
Education." Technological Horizons in Education, 13 (April 1986):
74-76.

Hiltz, Starr Roxanne. "The 'Virtual Classroom': Using Computer-
Mediated Communication for University Teaching." Journal of
Communication, 36 (Spring 1986): 99-104.

Jones. Ann, Gill Kirkup, Adrian Kirkwood, and Robin Mason.  (1992)
"Providing Computing for Distance Learners: A Strategy for Home
Use."  Computers Education 18, 183-193.

Lautsch, John C. "Computers and Education: The Genie is Out of the
Bottle." Technological Horizons in Education, 8 (February 1981):
34-35.

Manock, John J. (April 1986) "Assessing the Potential Use of
Computer-Mediated Conferencing Systems as Educational Delivery
Systems." T.H.E. Journal, 13 77-80.

Miller, Dusty. "Trim Travel Budgets with Distance Learning,"
Training & Development September 1991 71-74.

O'Shea, Mark R., Kimmel, Howard., Novemsky, Lisa F. "Computer
Mediated Telecommunications and Pre-College Education: A
Retrospect." Journal of Educational Computing Research, 6 (No. 1
1990): 65.

Rogers, Gil. "Teaching a Psychology Course by Electronic Mail."
Social Science Computer Review, 7 (Spring 1989): 60-64.

Roper, Fred W. "Shaping Distance Education in Library and
Information Science Education Through Technology: The South
Carolina Model," in Woolls, Blanche, ed., Continuing Professional
Education and IFLA:  Past, Present, and a Vision for the Future:
papers from the IFLA CPERT Second World Conference on Continuing
Professional Education for the Library and Information Science
Professions.  Munich:  K.G. Saur, 1993, 34-40.

Schroeder, Raymond E. "Computer Conferencing: Exploding the
Classroom Walls." Technological Horizons in Education, 8 (February
1981): 46.

Smith, Richard J. "International Training on the Internet" in
Continuing Professional Education and IFLA: Past, Present, and a
vision for the Future. Papers from the IFLA CPERT Second World
Conference on Continuing Professional Education for the Library and
Information Science Professions.  A Publication of the Continuing
Professional Education Round Table (CPERT) of the International
Federation of Library Associations and Institutions.  Edited by
Blanche Woolls.  (London: K. G. Saur, 1993): 85-89.

Smith, Richard J. "The Electronic Information Course as an
Alternative Teaching Method,"  Research & Education Networking 2
(October 1991); 10-12.

Upitis, Rena. (1990) "Real and Contrived Uses of Electronic Mail in
Elementary Schools."  Computers Educ. 15 233-243.

Weingand, Darlene E. "Teleconferencing as a Continuing Education
Delivery System," in Woolls, Blanche, ed., Continuing Professional
Education and IFLA:  Past, Present, and a Vision for the Future:
papers from the IFLA CPERT Second World Conference on Continuing
Professional Education for the Library and Information Science
Professions.  Munich:  K.G. Saur, 1993, 48-58.

White, Mary Alice. "Synthesis of Research on Electronic Learning."
Educational Leadership, 40 (May 1983): 13-15.


Richard J. Smith
600 Wooddale Blvd. #101
Baton Rouge, LA 70806
504-926-7069
rjs@lis.pitt.edu


-----

My notes:

     (1) From "Navigating the Internet" by Mark Gibbs and Richard Smith

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP-EXTRA: POP QUIZ #2 ANSWERS


     1. There are literally THOUSANDS of files available through FTP
        that have the .TXT file extension. Tell me the exact location
        of just one of these files (hint: see MAP17).

             ANSWER: There were three ways you could have found the
                     answer:

                     1. Doing an Archie search with the keyword "txt"
                     2. Doing a Veronica search with the keyword "txt"
                     3. Accesing a random ftp site and looking around for
                     a "txt" file

             I hope you chose the first option :) BTW, I did not list
             the answer because there are THOUSANDS of correct answers.


     2. Rick Gates has a monthly competition called "The Internet Hunt."
        The Hunt asks ten of the most contrived questions you have ever
        seen, and the Hunt's participants have to find the answers using
        nothing but the Internet (and they also have to show where they
        found the answers).

        Come to think of it, the Internet Hunt is a lot like this pop
        quiz ... hmmmm ....

        I have heard that Rick places the Hunt results on the CICNET Gopher
        server (gopher.cic.net) in Michigan (U.S.)

        I am interested in the Hunt results. In particular, I am interested
        in May, 1994 results.

        Who won the May 1994 Internet Hunt in the individual category? :)
        (Note: you may want to bookmark the main Internet Hunt menu --
        it is a WONDERFUL Internet training resource).


             ANSWER: the winner was some squirrel at the University of
                     Alabama named Patrick Crispen :)

             Shameless self-promotion, but I thought it was a neat way
             to introduce you to the Hunt.


     3. I just tried a Veronica search and I got an "Empty Menu" error
        for a file that I *KNOW* exists. I should call my local Internet
        service provider and complain, right? Explain your answer :)


             ANSWER: NO! Your local Internet service provider is only
                     responsible for the LOCAL part of your service. If
                     you are having a problem accessing a distant file,
                     there is a really good chance that the problem is
                     at the distant site.

                     Your provider has no control over distant sites, so
                     calling them will not help you at all. Your best bet
                     is to try your search later.


     4. I want to subscribe to a LISTSERV list. The list's address is
        NAVIGATE@UBVM

        Tell me what I need to do.

             ANSWER: Send an e-mail letter to LISTSERV@UBVM.BITNET
                     which says SUBSCRIBE NAVIGATE <YOUR NAME>

                     If the Bitnet address does not work, you can
                     take the address

                               LISTSERV@NODE

                     or

                               LISTSERV@NODE.BITNET

                     and change it to

                               LISTSERV%NODE@CUNYVM.CUNY.EDU


     BONUS: What *IS* Clifford Stoll's next book going to be about?
     (One of the questions above gives you enough information to find
     the answer).

          ANSWER: Astronomy.

          The answer can be found in the May 1994 Internet Hunt results.

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

MAP27: THE FUTURE ...


     "Our lives begin to end the day we become silent about
      things that matter." -- Dr. Martin Luther King, Jr.


I am often asked what I think the Internet will be like in the future.
The best answer that I can give is, "I have no idea, but it sure does
sound neat."

I recently attended a conference that the International Space Camp
held for the U.S. state teachers of the year. At this conference, one of
the presenters -- an executive at BellSouth -- told the story of how
a famous person once predicted that the telephone would revolutionize
communication, and that every town would have *one* so that they could
keep in touch with the outside world.

I guess the moral of this story is that if you make predictions about
the future, you run a really good chance of looking silly when the
future actually arrives.

I do know that the Internet is the precursor to an "Information
Superhighway" that is going to be based on high-speed, fiber optic
cables and a combination TV/Computer/Fax/Telephone that will allow
us to access a mountain of information in seconds with just a few
simple commands (hopefully, by that time we will be able to forget
all of those ftp commands!).

I do know that the Information Superhighway will change the way
we look at entertainment, research, shopping, inter-personal
communications and education.

I also know that there are some obstacles that must be overcome
before the Information Superhighway can achieve its fullest potential.
Fortunately, the problems that the Internet is facing today -- universal
access, parental control over which information the children should have
access to, censorship issues -- are all problems that have been dealt
with before by the two most overworked, underpaid, and underappreciated
groups in our society: classroom teachers and librarians.

There are a lot of things that we can learn from teachers and librarians.
Hopefully, this time around we will actually listen to them :)

I am truly excited about the long-range plans for the Information
Superhighway. The problem with long-range plans, however, is that long-
range planners often loose sight of present needs.

The future of the Information Superhighway will indeed be incredible,
but that future isn't here yet. Until that future *IS* here, we need
to remember that the 80,000 people who join the Internet each month
need to be trained to use TODAY'S technology.

That is what this workshop is all about.

Five weeks ago, I told you that

     ... Over the next few weeks I am going to show you around
     the Internet, give you some basic commands that will help
     you use the tools of the Internet more effectively, point
     you in the direction of people who can help you if you ever
     get lost, and even give you a glimpse of what the coming
     Information Superhighway will actually look like.

     How am I going to do all of this? Well, each one of these daily
     lessons will give you a glimpse at one small part of the Internet.
     We'll talk about particular tools and sites, showing you some traps
     to avoid, and even showing you some basic commands that will help
     you use the tools to your own advantage. In the end, I hope that
     you will gain a better understanding of the individual parts and
     pieces that, when put together, make up the Internet.

     ... Thank you for enrolling in the Roadmap workshop. I hope
     you will have as much fun traveling the Internet as I am having
     teaching it to you.

Thank you for joining me on this trip. I hope you have had fun, and
I wish you the best of luck as you continue your journeys around the
Internet.

... and watch out for them squirrels!!


                         Patrick Douglas Crispen
                         The University of Alabama
                         Post Office Box 857
                         Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35486-0857



ABOUT THE AUTHOR:

Patrick Douglas Crispen is a 27 year-old senior at the University
of Alabama majoring in Economics through the College of Arts and
Sciences. (Yes, you heard right ... he's a student!).

Prior to attending the University, Crispen worked at the United States
Space Camp in Huntsville, Alabama, as a Simulations Director and as
a founding staff member of the Space Academy Level II program.

Crispen got his Internet account during his first semester at
the University of Alabama in the Spring of 1992 so that he could
send e-mail to his father, an engineer at Boeing, asking him for money :)

Crispen has been paying his way through school with student loans
and work-study jobs, and in the Spring of 1994 he accepted a position
working the overnight shift at the front desk of a University residence
hall. Using the computer at the front desk, Crispen taught himself
how to use the Internet in an attempt to keep himself awake.

In May of 1994, Crispen competed in his first Internet Hunt ...
and won. It was also at this point in time that Crispen started
working on an introductory Internet training presentation for
the National Association of College and University Residence Hall's
1994 National Conference at Northern Arizona University. This
presentation would eventually lead to the creation of the Roadmap
workshop.

Crispen's presentation at Northern Arizona University was the
only program out of 300 to receive a perfect score from the
participants (although the conference's programming staff
misplaced his scores until after the close of the conference).
In the months that have followed, Crispen has repeated this
this presentation for the University of Alabama's Computer
Center staff, the University's faculty, and the University's
Graduate Student Association.

During the summer of 1994, Crispen decided to expand his presentation
into a month-long Internet training workshop to be conducted over the
Internet. This workshop -- Roadmap for the Information Superhighway --
started accepting participants in July of 1994. By February of 1995,
word of mouth advertising for the workshop had been so successful
that over 80,000 people from 77 countries had enrolled in one of the
four Roadmap workshop distribution lists.

... not a bad accomplishment considering that Crispen does not even
own a computer (Crispen wrote the entire Roadmap workshop using
the University of Alabama's public access computer labs).

According to Crispen, he wrote the workshop, "to give new users free
training on how to use the Internet, to give the University of Alabama
some positive publicity, and to ensure that I can get a *JOB* when
(and if) I graduate in 1995. The Career Center told me that the
most important part of a job search is 'networking.' So, I networked." :)

(Copies of Crispen's resume can be obtained by sending an e-mail letter
to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU with the command GET CRISPEN TXT F=MAIL in the body
of your e-mail letter) :)

Crispen is currently taking a one semester break to work full time
for the University of Alabama's Seebeck IBM mainframe computer center
so that he can pay off all of the parking tickets (8+) that the University
Alabama's Parking Services Division has given him for parking so close
to the computer center while he was writing this workshop :)

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

Thank you once again for participating the the Roadmap workshop!!
This will be the last letter that you will receive from me :(

BY THE TIME YOU READ THIS LETTER I WILL HAVE ALREADY UNSUBSCRIBED
YOU FROM THE LIST. YOU DO NOT -- REPEAT DO NOT -- HAVE TO SEND
AN UNSUB MESSAGE TO THE LISTSERV! I WILL TAKE CARE OF EVERYTHING
FROM HERE!

Before I say goodbye, there are two things that I want to tell you:

     1. If you have any friends or co-workers who were not able
        to participate in the Roadmap workshops, please tell them
        to send an e-mail letter to

                       LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

        with the command

                       GET MAP PACKAGE F=MAIL

        in the body of their letter. I have set the workshop files
        up so that people can now get the lessons in one week blocks,
        and the GET MAP PACKAGE command will send them two letters
        telling them how to get these "blocks."

     2. If you want to GET back copies of the Roadmap lessons, please
        use the following filenames and filetypes in your
        GET FILENAME FILETYPE F=MAIL letters that you send to
        LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

          WEEK1
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP01     LESSON    WELCOME
          MAP02     LESSON    LISTSERV FILE SERVER COMMANDS

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

          WEEK3
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP08     LESSON    USENET
          MAP09     LESSON    SPAMMING AND URBAN LEGENDS
          MAP10     LESSON    INTERNET SECURITY
          MAP11     LESSON    TELNET (PART ONE)
          MAP12     LESSON    TELNET (PART TWO)

          WEEK4
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP13     LESSON     FTP (PART ONE)
          MAP14     LESSON     FTP (PART TWO)
          MAP15     LESSON     FTPMAIL
          MAP16     LESSON     FTP FILE COMPRESSION
          QUIZ1Q    LESSON     POP QUIZ
          MAP17     LESSON     ARCHIE
          MAP17B    LESSON     FTP SITES
          QUIZ1A    LESSON     POP QUIZ ANSWERS

          WEEK5
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP18     LESSON     GOPHER (PART ONE)
          MAP19     LESSON     GOPHER (PART TWO)
          MAP20     LESSON     BOOKMARKS AND BOOKLISTS
          MAP21     LESSON     VERONICA
          MAP22     LESSON     GOPHERMAIL

          WEEK6
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP23     LESSON     WWW (PART ONE)
          MAP24     LESSON     WWW (PART TWO)
          QUIZ2Q    LESSON     POP QUIZ
          MAP25     LESSON     ADDRESSES SEARCHES AND FINGER
          NEAT      LESSON     MAP-EXTRA: NEAT STUFF TO CHECK OUT
          ADVERT    LESSON     MAP-EXTRA: ADVERTISING ON THE INTERNET
          MAP26     LESSON     IRC/MUDs/MOOs AND OTHER "TALKERS"
          SMITH     LESSON     GUEST LECTURE -- RICHARD SMITH
          QUIZ2A    LESSON     POP QUIZ ANSWERS
          MAP27     LESSON     THE FUTURE ...

        You can now also get the lessons e-mailed to you in one-week
        blocks, simply by sending an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

        with the command

               GET WEEK# PACKAGE F=MAIL

        in the body of your e-mail letter, replacing the # with the week
        number of the block that you want to retrieve.

        For example, to get all of these "WEEK2" files e-mailed to you

          WEEK2
          filename  filetype  description
          --------  --------  -----------
          MAP03     LESSON    LEVELS OF INTERNET CONNECTIVITY
          MAP04     LESSON    E-MAIL
          MAP05     LESSON    LISTSERVS
          MAP06     LESSON    OTHER MAIL SERVERS
          MAP07     LESSON    NETIQUETTE

        all you have to do is send an e-mail letter to

               LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU

        with the command

               GET WEEK2 PACKAGE F=MAIL

        in the body of your e-mail letter. After you send your letter,
        a computer at the University of Alabama will process your letter
        and will -- usually within 24 hours -- e-mail you the particular
        one-week block of lessons that you request.

Thank you for subscribing to the workshop, and especially for
putting up with my typos and my squirrel/penguin jokes. I really feel
that the Internet is, above everything else, fun ...  I hope that
I showed a little of that fun in my lessons.

Again, thank you for subscribing to the workshop. If I decide to
hold any other workshops, I will make an announcement on NEW-LIST
(I told you about NEW-LIST in that MAP-EXTRA on neat stuff).

... buh-bye :(

----------------------------------------------------------------------

ROADMAP: Copyright Patrick Crispen 1994, 1995. All rights reserved.

To unsubscribe from any Roadmap workshop, please send an e-mail
letter to LISTSERV@UA1VM.UA.EDU which says UNSUB * in the body
of your letter.

The address that sent this e-mail letter (CRISPEN@UA1VM.UA.EDU) is
actually the address of an automated error processor. Please DO NOT
reply to this e-mail letter as the error processor will consider
your reply to be an error message and will delete your letter unread.
To contact Patrick Crispen, please use my PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
address.


   (\__/)  .~    ~. ))
   /O O  ./      .'               PATRICK DOUGLAS CRISPEN
  {O__,   \    {                   PCRISPE1@UA1VM.UA.EDU
    / .  . )    \                THE UNIVERSITY OF ALABAMA
    |-| '-' \    } ))
   .(   _(   )_.'
  '---.~_ _ _&                       Warning: squirrels.

